Curiosity at Gale Crater, Mars: Characterization and Analysis of the Rocknest Sand Shadow
D. F. Blake(Ames Research Center), R. V. Morris(Johnson Space Center), Gary Kocurek(The University of Texas at Austin), Shaunna M. Morrison(University of Arizona), Robert T. Downs(University of Arizona), D. L. Bish(Indiana University Bloomington), D. W. Ming(Johnson Space Center), K. S. Edgett(Malin Space Science Systems (United States)), David M. Rubin(United States Geological Survey), W. Goetz(Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research), M. B. Madsen(University of Copenhagen), R. Sullivan(Cornell University), R. Gellert(University of Guelph), Iain L. Campbell(University of Guelph), A. H. Treiman(Lunar and Planetary Institute), S. M. McLennan(Stony Brook University), A. S. Yen(Jet Propulsion Laboratory), J. P. Grotzinger(California Institute of Technology), D. T. Vaniman(Planetary Science Institute), S. J. Chipera(Chesapeake College), C. N. Achilles(Johnson Space Center), E. B. Rampe(Johnson Space Center), D. Y. Sumner(University of California, Davis), Pierre‐Yves Meslin(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), S. Maurice(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), O. Forni(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), O. Gasnault(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Melany C. Fisk(Oregon State University), M. E. Schmidt(Finnish Meteorological Institute), P. R. Mahaffy(Goddard Space Flight Center), L. A. Leshin(Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute), D. P. Glavin(Goddard Space Flight Center), A. Steele(Carnegie Institution for Science), Caroline Freissinet(Goddard Space Flight Center), R. Navarro‐González(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), R. A. Yingst(Planetary Science Institute), Linda C. Kah(University of Tennessee at Knoxville), N. T. Bridges(Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory), K. W. Lewis(Princeton University), T. F. Bristow(Ames Research Center), Jack D. Farmer(Arizona State University), J. A. Crisp(Jet Propulsion Laboratory), Edward M. Stolper(California Institute of Technology), David J. Des Marais(Ames Research Center), P. Sarrazin(Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence), MSL Science Team, Christophe Agard, J. Verdasca, Robert C. Anderson, Ryan Anderson, Doug Archer, Carlos Armiens‐Aparicio, Ray Arvidson, Evgeny Atlaskin, S. K. Atreya, A. D. Aubrey, Burt Baker, Michael B. Baker, T. Balić-Žunić, David Baratoux, Julien Baroukh, B. L. Barraclough, Keri Bean, L. W. Beegle, A. Behar, J. F. Bell, Steve Bender, M. Benna, Jennifer Bentz, Gilles Berger, J. A. Berger, D. C. Berman, J. J. Blanco, D. L. Blaney, Jen Blank, Hannah Blau, L. V. Bleacher, E. Boehm, Oliver Botta, S. Böttcher, Thomas Boucher, Hannah Bower, Nick Boyd, Bill Boynton, E. A. Breves, J. C. Bridges, W. B. Brinckerhoff, D. E. Brinza, C. Brunet, Anna Brunner, W. Brunner, A. Buch, M. A. Bullock, S. Burmeister, M. Cabane, F. J. Calef, James F. Cameron, B. A. Cantor, M. A. Caplinger, Javier Rodríguez, Marco Carmosino, Isaías Carrasco Blázquez, Antoine Charpentier, David S. Choi, B. C. Clark, S. M. Clegg, T. Cleghorn(Malin Space Science Systems (United States)), E. A. Cloutis, George D. Cody, Patrice Coll, P. G. Conrad, David Coscia, A. Cousin, David A. Cremers, Alain Cros, Frank Cucinotta, C. d’Uston, Scott Davis, Mackenzie Day, Manuel de la Torre Juárez, Lauren DeFlores, D. Delapp, Julia DeMarines, W. E. Dietrich, Robert Dingler, Christophe Donny, Darrell M. Drake, Gilles Dromart, Audrey Dupont, Brian Duston, Jason P. Dworkin, M. D. Dyar, Lauren Edgar, Christopher S. Edwards, Laurence Edwards, B. L. Ehlmann, Bent Ehresmann, J. L. Eigenbrode, Beverley Elliott, Harvey Elliott, R. C. Ewing(GeoRessources), C. Fabre, Alberto González Fairén, Kenneth A. Farley, C. I. Fassett, Laurent Favot, Donald Fay, F. Fedosov, Jason Feldman, Sabrina Feldman, Mike Fitzgibbon, Greg Flesch, Melissa Floyd, Lorenzo Flückiger, Abby Fraeman, Raymond Francis, Pascaline François, H. B. Franz, Katherine L. French, J. Frydenvang, Alain Gaboriaud, M. Gailhanou, J. B. Garvin, Claude Geffroy, Maria Genzer, Austin Godber, F. Goesmann, D. V. Golovin, Felipe Gómez, Javier Gómez‐Elvira, B. Gondet, S. Gordon, Stephen Gorevan, J. A. Grant, J. L. Griffes, David Grinspoon, Philippe Guillemot, Jingnan Guo, Sanjeev Gupta, Scott D. Guzewich, R. M. Haberle, Douglas Halleaux, B. Hallet, Vicky Hamilton, C. Hardgrove, D. E. Harker, Daniel Harpold, Ari‐Matti Harri, K. Harshman, Donald M. Hassler, Harri Haukka, Alex Hayes, Ken Herkenhoff, Paul Herrera, Sebastian Hettrich, Ezat Heydari, V. Hipkin, Tori M. Hoehler, Jeff Hollingsworth, Judy Hudgins, Wesley T. Huntress, J. A. Hurowitz, S. F. Hviid, Karl Iagnemma, Steve Indyk, G. Israël, Ryan Jackson, Samantha Jacob, B. M. Jakosky, Elsa Jensen, Jaqueline Kløvgaard Jensen, J. R. Johnson, Micah Johnson, Steve Johnstone, Andrea Jones, J. H. Jones, J. Joseph, I. Jun, Henrik Kahanpää, M. A. Kahre, Natalya Karpushkina, W. T. Kasprzak, Janne Kauhanen, Leslie Keely, Osku Kemppinen, Didier Keymeulen, Myung‐Hee Y. Kim, K. M. Kinch, Penny King, L. E. Kirkland, Asmus Koefoed, Jan Köhler, Onno Kortmann, Alexander Kozyrev, Jill Krezoski, Daniel Krysak, R. O. Kuzmin, Jean Luc Lacour, Vivian Lafaille, Y. Langevin, N. Lanza, J. Lasue, Stéphane Le Mouëlic, Ella Mae Lee, Qiu-Mei Lee, David Lees, Matthew Lefavor, M. T. Lemmon, Alain Lepinette Malvitte, Richard Léveillé, Éric Lewin-Carpintier(Goddard Space Flight Center), Shuai Li, Leslie Lipkaman, Cynthia Little, M. L. Litvak, Éric Lorigny, G. W. Lugmair, Angela Lundberg, Eric Lyness, J. N. Maki, A. Malakhov, C. A. Malespin, M. C. Malin, N. Mangold, H. L. K. Manning, Geneviève Marchand, Mercedes Marín Jiménez, César Martín García, Dave Martin, Mildred Martin, Jesús Martínez‐Frías, Javier Martín-Soler, Javier Martín‐Torres, P. Mauchien, A. C. McAdam, Elaina McCartney, Timothy McConnochie, Emily McCullough, Ian McEwan, Christopher P. McKay, Sean McNair, Noureddine Melikechi, Michael A. Meÿer, Alissa Mezzacappa, Hayden Miller, Kristen Miller, R. E. Milliken, M. E. Minitti, Michael Mischna, И. Г. Митрофанов, J. E. Moersch, Maxim Mokrousov, Antonio Molina Jurado, John E. Moores, Luis Mora‐Sotomayor, John Michael Morookian, R. Mueller‐Mellin, Jan‐Peter Müller, G. M. Muñoz, M. Nachon, Sara Navarro López, Kenneth H. Nealson, Ara Nefian, Tony Nelson, Megan Newcombe, Claire Newman, H. E. Newsom, Sergey Nikiforov, P. B. Niles, Brian Nixon, E. Noe Dobrea, T. Nolan, Dorothy Z. Oehler, A. Ollila, T. Olson, Tobias Owen, Hernández Pablo, Alexis Paillet, E. Pallier, M. C. Palucis, T. J. Parker, Yann Parot, Kiran Patel, Mark Paton, G. Paulsen, A. A. Pavlov, Betina Pavri, Verónica Peinado-González, Robert O. Pepin, Laurent Péret, R. Pérez, G. M. Perrett, J. E. Peterson, C. Pilorget, P. Pinet, Jorge Pla‐García, Ianik Plante, Franck Poitrasson, Jouni Polkko, Radu Popa, L. Posiolova, Irina Pradler, Benito Prats, В. А. Прохоров, Sharon Wilson Purdy, E. Raaen, Leon J. Radziemski, Scot Rafkin, Miguel Ramos, F. Raulin, M. A. Ravine, Günther Reitz, N. O. Rennó, M. S. Rice, M. I. Richardson, F. Robert, J. A. Rodríguez‐Manfredi, Julio José Romeral-Planelló, Scott K. Rowland, M. Saccoccio, Andrew Salamon, Jennifer Sandoval, А. Б. Санин, Sara Alejandra Sans Fuentes, Lee Saper, V. Sautter, Hannu Savijärvi, Jüergen Schieber, W. Schmidt, Daniel Scholes, Marcel Schoppers, Susanne Schröder, Eduardo Sebastian Martinez, Aaron Sengstacken, Ruslan Shterts, K. L. Siebach, T. Siili, Jeff Simmonds, Jean‐Baptiste Sirven, Susie Slavney, R. S. Sletten, M. D. Smith, Pablo Sobrón Sánchez, N. Spanovich, John Spray, S. W. Squyres, Katie Stack, Fabien Stalport, Thomas Stein, J. C. Stern, Noel Stewart, S. L. S. Stipp, Kevin Stoiber, Bob Sucharski, Roger E. Summons, V. Z. Sun, Kimberley Supulver, B. Sutter, Cyril Szopa, Christopher Tate, Samuel Teinturier, I. L. ten Kate, P. C. Thomas, L. M. Thompson, R. L. Tokar, M. J. Toplis, Josefina Torres Redondo, M. G. Trainer, V. I. Tretyakov, Roser Urqui-O’Callaghan, Jason Van Beek, Tessa Van Beek, S. J. VanBommel, A. Varenikov, A. R. Vasavada, Paulo Vasconcelos, Edward P. Vicenzi, Andrey Vostrukhin, Mary A. Voytek, M. Wadhwa, Jennifer Ward, C. R. Webster, E. Weigle, Danika Wellington, Francès Westall, Roger Craig Wiens, Mary Beth Wilhelm, Amy J. Williams, Joshua Williams, R. M. E. Williams, Richard B. Williams, Mike Wilson, R. F. Wimmer‐Schweingruber, Mike Wolff, Mike Wong, J. J. Wray, Megan Wu, Charles Yana, C. Zeitlin, Robert Zimdar, María-Paz Zorzano Mier
Cited by 350Open Access
Abstract
The Rocknest aeolian deposit is similar to aeolian features analyzed by the Mars Exploration Rovers (MERs) Spirit and Opportunity. The fraction of sand <150 micrometers in size contains ~55% crystalline material consistent with a basaltic heritage and ~45% x-ray amorphous material. The amorphous component of Rocknest is iron-rich and silicon-poor and is the host of the volatiles (water, oxygen, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and chlorine) detected by the Sample Analysis at Mars instrument and of the fine-grained nanophase oxide component first described from basaltic soils analyzed by MERs. The similarity between soils and aeolian materials analyzed at Gusev Crater, Meridiani Planum, and Gale Crater implies locally sourced, globally similar basaltic materials or globally and regionally sourced basaltic components deposited locally at all three locations.
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