Hank Johnston

Frame theory is often credited with "bringing ideas back in" social movement studies, but frames are not the only useful ideational concepts. The older, more politicized concept of ideology needs to be used in its own right and not recast as a frame. Frame theory is rooted in linguistic studies of interaction, and points to the way shared assumptions and meanings shape the interpretation of events. Ideology is rooted in politics and the study of politics, and points to coherent systems of ideas which provide theories of society coupled with value commitments and normative implications for promoting or resisting social change. Ideologies can function as frames, they can embrace frames, but there is more to ideology than framing. Frame theory offers a relatively shallow conception of the transmission of political ideas as marketing and resonating, while a recognition of the complexity and depth of ideology points to the social construction processes of thinking, reasoning, educating, and socializing. Social movements can only be understood by linking social psychological and political sociology concepts and traditions, not by trying to rename one group in the language of the other.

Chapter 1 1 Globalization and Resistance: An Introduction Part 2 I Theories of Globalization and Social Movement Mobilization Chapter 3 2 Explaining Crossnational Similarities Among Social Movements Chapter 4 3 Transnational Structures and Protest: Linking Theories and Assessing Evidence Part 5 II Transnational Mobilization and National Politics Chapter 6 4 Irish Transnational Social Movements, Migrants, and the State System Chapter 7 5 Conservation TSMOs: Shaping the Protected Area Systems of Less Developed Countries Part 8 III Transnational Diffusion and Framing Processes Chapter 9 6 Transnational Diffusion and the African American Reinvention of the Ghandian Repertoire Chapter 10 7 From Local to Global: The Anti-Dam Movement in Southern Brazil, 1979-1992 Chapter 11 8 Creating Transnational Solidarity: The Use of Narrative in the U. S.- Central America Peace Movement Part 12 IV Transnational Networks Chapter 13 9 Elite Alliances and Transnational Environmental Movement Organizations Chapter 14 10 Building Networks from the Outside In: Japanese NGOs and the Kyoto Climate Change Conference Part 15 V Protest and the Global Trade Regime Chapter 16 11 Transnational Political Processes and Contention Against the Global Economy Chapter 17 12 Globalizing Resistance: The Battle of Seattle and the Future of Social Movements Part 18 Conclusion Chapter 19 13 From Lumping to Spiltting: Specifying Globalization and Resistance