Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19

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Lewis; Isobel Sutherland; Karen E. A. Burns; Andrew Higham; Ben Chandler; Kerry Elliott; Janine Mallinson; Alison E. Turnbull; Prisca Gondo; Bernard Hadebe; Abdul Kayani; Bridgett Masunda; Taya Anderson; Daniel B. Hawcutt; Laura O’Malley; Laura Rad; Naomi Rogers; Paula Saunderson; Kathryn Allison; Deborah Afolabi; Jennifer Whitbread; Dawn Jones; Rachael Dore; Matthew Halkes; Pauline Mercer; Lorraine Thornton; Joy Dawson; Sweyn Garrioch; Melanie Tolson; Jonathan Aldridge; Ritoo Kapoor; David Loader; Karen J. Castle; Sally Humphreys; Ruth Tampsett; Katherine Mackintosh; Amanda Ayers; Dean Harris; Julie North; Suzanne Allibone; Roman Genetu; Vidya Kasipandian; Amit R. Patel; Ainhi Mac; Anthony Murphy; Parisa Mahjoob; Roonak Nazari; Lucy Worsley; Andrew Fagan; Thomas Bemand; Ethel Black; Arnold Dela Rosa; Ryan Howle; Shaman Jhanji; Ravishankar Rao Baikady; Kate Tatham; Benjamin Thomas; Dina Bell; Rosalind Boyle; Katie M. Douglas; Lynn Glass; Emma Lee; Liz Lennon; Austin Rattray; Abigail Taylor; Rachel Anne Hughes; Helen Thomas; A.R. Rees; Michaela Dušková; Janet Phipps; Suzanne Brooks; Michelle Edwards; Victoria Parris; Sheena Quaid; Ekaterina Watson; Adam Brayne; Emma Fisher; Jane Hunt; Peter K. Jackson; Duncan Kaye; Nicholas Love; Juliet Parkin; Victoria Tuckey; Lynne van Koutrik; Sasha Carter; Benedict Andrew; L. Findlay; Katie Adams; Jen Service; Alison S. Williams; Claire Cheyne; Anne Saunderson; Sam Moultrie; Miranda Odam; Kathryn Hall; Isheunesu Mapfunde; Charlotte Willis; Alex Lyon; Chunda Sri-Chandana; Joslan Scherewode; Lorraine Stephenson; Sarah Marsh; David Brealey; John Hardy; Henry Houlden; Eleanor Moncur; Eamon Raith; Ambreen Tariq; Arianna Tucci; Maria Hobrok; Ronda Loosley; Heather McGuinness; Helen Tench; Rebecca Wolf-Roberts; Val Irvine; Ben Shelley; Amy Easthope; Claire Gorman; Abhinav Gupta; Elizabeth Timlick; Rebecca Brady; Barry Milligan; Arianna Bellini; Jade Bryant; Anton Mayer; Amy Pickard; Nicholas Roe; Jason Sowter; Alex Howlett; Katy Fidler; Emma Tagliavini; Kevin Donnelly; 23andMe investigators; Janie F. Shelton; Anjali J. Shastri; Chelsea Ye; Catherine H. Weldon; Teresa Filshtein-Sonmez; Daniella Coker; Antony Symons; Jorge Esparza-Gordillo; Stella Aslibekyan; Adam Auton; COVID-19 Human Genetics Initiative; Gita A. Pathak; Juha Karjalainen; Christine Stevens; Shea J. Andrews; Masahiro Kanai; Mattia Cordioli; Renato Polimanti; Matti Pirinen; Nadia V. Harerimana; Kumar Veerapen; Brooke N. Wolford; Huy Nguyen; Matthew Solomonson; Rachel G. Liao; Karolina Chwiałkowska; Amy Trankiem; Mary K. Balaconis; Caroline Hayward; Anne Richmond; Archie Campbell; Marcela Morris; Chloe Fawns‐Ritchie; Joseph Glessner; Douglas M. Shaw; Xiao Chang; Hannah Polikowski; Lauren E. Petty; Hung‐Hsin Chen; Wanying Zhu; Hakon Hakonarson; David J. Porteous; Jennifer E. Below; K.E. North; Joseph B. McCormick; Paul R. H. J. Timmers; James F. Wilson; Albert Tenesa; Kenton D’Mellow; Shona M. Kerr; Mari Niemi; Lindokuhle Nkambul; Kathrin Aprile von Hohenstaufen; Ali Sobh; Madonna M. Eltoukhy; Amr M. Yassen; M. Hegazy; Kamal Okasha; Mohammed Eid; Hanteera S. Moahmed; Doaa Shahin; Yasser M. El‐Sherbiny; Tamer Elhadidy; Mohamed S. Abd Elghafar; Jehan J. El‐Jawhari; Attia A. S. Mohamed; Marwa H. Elnagdy; Amr Samir; Mahmoud Abdel-Aziz; Walid T. Khafaga; Walaa M. El-Lawaty; Mohamed Torky; Mohamed El‐Shanshory; Chiara Batini; Paul H. Lee; Nick Shrine; Alexander T. Williams; Martin D. Tobin; Anna L. Guyatt; Catherine John; Richard Packer; Altaf Ali; Robert C. Free; Xueyang Wang; Louise V. Wain; Edward J. Hollox; Laura D. Venn; Catherine Bee; Emma L. Adams; Ahmadreza Niavarani; Bahareh Sharififard; Rasoul Aliannejad; Ali Amirsavadkouhi; Zeinab Naderpour; Hengameh Ansari Tadi; Afshar Etemadi-Aleagha; Saeideh Ahmadi; Seyed Behrooz Mohseni Moghaddam; Alireza Adamsara; Morteza Saeedi; Hamed Abdollahi; Abdolmajid Hosseini; Pajaree Chariyavilaskul; Monpat Chamnanphon; Thitima B. Suttichet; Vorasuk Shotelersuk; Monnat Pongpanich; Chureerat Phokaew; Wanna Chetruengchai; Watsamon Jantarabenjakul; Opass Putchareon; Pattama Torvorapanit; Thanyawee Puthanakit; Pintip Suchartlikitwong; Nattiya Hirankarn; Voraphoj Nilaratanakul; Pimpayao Sodsai; Ben Brumpton; Kristian Hveem; Cristen J. Willer; Wei Zhou; Tormod Rogne; Erik Solligård; Bjørn Olav Åsvold; Malak Abedalthagafi; Manal Alaamery; Saleh A. Alqahtani; Duna Barakeh; Fawz Al Harthi; Ebtehal Alsolm; Leen Abu Safieh; Albandary M. Alowayn; Fatimah Alqubaishi; Amal Al Mutairi; Serghei Mangul; Abdulraheem Alshareef; Mona Sawaji; Mansour Almutairi; Nora Aljawini; Nour Albesher; Yaseen M. Arabi; Ebrahim Mahmoud; Amin Khattab; Roaa T. Halawani; Ziab Z. Alahmadey; Jehad K. Albakri; Walaa A. Felemban; Bandar A. Suliman; Rana Hasanato; Laila Alawdah; Jahad Alghamdi; Deema AlZahrani; Sameera Aljohani; Hani Al-Afghani; May Alrashed; Nouf AlDhawi; Hadeel AlBardis; Sarah Alkwai; Moneera Alswailm; Faisal A. Almalki; Maha Albeladi; Iman Almohammed; Eman Barhoush; Anoud Albader; Salam Massadeh; Abdulaziz Almalik; Sara Jeza Alotaibi; Bader Alghamdi; Junghyun Jung; Mohammad Fawzy; Yunsung Lee; Per Magnus; Lill-Iren S. Trogstad; Øyvind Helgeland; Jennifer R. Harris; Massimo Mangino; Tim D. Spector; Emma L. Duncan; Sandra Smieszek; Bartlomiej Przychodzen; Christos Polymeropoulos; Vasilios M. Polymeropoulos; Mihael H. Polymeropoulos; Israel Fernández‐Cadenas; Jordi Pérez‐Tur; Laia Llucià‐Carol; Natàlia Cullell; Elena Muiño; Jara Cárcel‐Márquez; Marta L. DeDiego; L. Lloret Iglesias; Anna M. Planas; Àlex Soriano; Verónica Rico; Daiana Agüero; Josep Lluís Bedini; Francisco Lozano; Carlos Domingo; Verónica Robles; Francisca Ruíz-Jaén; Leonardo Márquez; Juan Manuel López Gómez; Eliécer Coto; Guillermo M. Albaiceta; Marta García‐Clemente; David Dalmau; María J. Arranz; Beatriz Dietl; Alex Serra-Llovich; Pere Soler; Roger Colobrán; Andrea Martín-Nalda; Alba Parra-Martínez; David Bernardo; Silvia Rojo; Aida Fiz‐López; Elisa Arribas‐Rodríguez; Paloma Cal‐Sabater; Tomás Segura; Esther González-Villa; Gemma Serrano‐Heras; Joan Martí‐Fábregas; Elena Jiménez‐Xarrié; Alicia de Felipe Mimbrera; Jaime Masjuán; Sebastián García‐Madrona; Anna Domínguez-Mayoral; Joan Montaner Villalonga; Paloma Menéndez-Valladares; Daniel I. Chasman; Julie E. Buring; Paul M. Ridker; Franco Giulianini; Howard D. Sesso; JoAnn E. Manson; Joseph R. Glessner; Hakon Hakonarson; Carolina Medina‐Gómez; André G. Uitterlinden; M. Arfan Ikram; Kati Kristiansson; Sami Koskelainen; Markus Perola; Kati Donner; Katja Kivinen; Aarno Palotie; Samuli Ripatti; Sanni Ruotsalainen; Mari Kaunisto; Tomoko Nakanishi; Guillaume Butler‐Laporte; Vincenzo Forgetta; David Morrison; Biswarup Ghosh; Lætitia Laurent; Alexandre Bélisle; Danielle Henry; Tala Abdullah; Olumide Adeleye; Noor Mamlouk; Nofar Kimchi; Zaman Afrasiabi; Nardin Rezk; Branka Vulesevic; Meriem Bouab; Charlotte Guzman; Louis Petitjean; Chris Tselios; Xiaoqing Xue; Erwin Schurr; Jonathan Afilalo; Marc Afilalo; Maureen Oliveira; Bluma Brenner; Pierre Lepage; Jiannis Ragoussis; Daniel Auld; Nathalie Brassard; Madéleine Durand; Michaël Chassé; Daniel E. Kaufmann; G.M. Lathrop; Vincent Mooser; J. Brent Richards; Rui Li; Darin Adra; Souad Rahmouni; Michel Georges; Michel Moutschen; Benoît Misset; Gilles Darcis; Julien Guiot; Julien Guntz; Samira Azarzar; Stéphanie Gofflot; Y Beguin; Sabine Claassen; Olivier Malaise; Pascale Huynen; Christelle Meuris; Marie Thys; Jessica Jacques; Philippe Léonard; Frédéric Frippiat; Jean‐Baptiste Giot; Anne-Sophie Sauvage; Christian Von Frenckell; Yasmine Belhaj; Bernard Lambermont; Sara Pigazzini; Lindokuhle Nkambule; Michelle Daya; Jonathan Shortt; Nicholas Rafaels; Stephen J. Wicks; Kristy Crooks; Kathleen C. Barnes; Christopher R. Gignoux; Sameer Chavan; Triin Laisk; Kristi Läll; Maarja Lepamets; Reedik Mägi; Tõnu Esko; Ene Reimann; Lili Milani; Helene Alavere; Kristjan Metsalu; Mairo Puusepp; Andres Metspalu; Paul Naaber; Edward Laane; Jaana Pesukova; Pärt Peterson; Kai Kisand; Jekaterina Tabri; Raili Allos; Kati Hensen; Joel Starkopf; Inge Ringmets; Anu Tamm; Anne Kallaste; Pierre–Yves Bochud; Carlo Rivolta; Stéphanie Bibert; Mathieu Quinodoz; Dhryata Kamdar; Noémie Boillat‐Blanco; Semira Gonseth; Werner C. Albrich; Noémie Suh; Dionysios Neofytos; Véronique Erard; Cathy Voide; Rafael de Cid; Iván Galván‐Femenía; Natàlia Blay; Anna Carreras; Beatriz Cortés; Xavier Farré; Lauro Sumoy; Vı́ctor Moreno; Josep M. Mercader; Marta Guindo-Martínez; David Torrents; Manolis Kogevinas; Judith García‐Aymerich; Gemma Castaño‐Vinyals; Carlota Dobaño; Alessandra Renieri; Francesca Mari; Chiara Fallerini; Sergio Daga; Elisa Benetti; Margherita Baldassarri; Francesca Fava; Elisa Frullanti; Floriana Valentino; Gabriella Doddato; Annarita Giliberti; Rossella Tita; Sara Amitrano; Mirella Bruttini; Susanna Croci; Ilaria Meloni; Maria Antonietta Mencarelli; Caterina Lo Rizzo; Anna Maria Pinto; Giada Beligni; Andrea Tommasi; Laura Di Sarno; Maria Palmieri; Miriam Lucia Carriero; Diana Alaverdian; Stefano Busani; Raffaele Bruno; Marco Vecchia; Mary Ann Belli; Nicola Picchiotti; Maurizio Sanarico; Marco Gori; Simone Furini; Stefania Mantovani; Serena Ludovisi; Mario U. Mondelli; Francesco Castelli; Eugenia Quirós-Roldán; Melania Degli Antoni; Isabella Zanella; Massimo Vaghi; Stefano Rusconi; Matteo Siano; Francesca Montagnani; Arianna Emiliozzi; Massimiliano Fabbiani; Barbara Rossetti; Elena Bargagli; Laura Bergantini; Miriana d’Alessandro; Paolo Cameli; David Bennett; Federico Anedda; Simona Marcantonio; Sabino Scolletta; Federico Franchi; Maria Antonietta Mazzei; Susanna Guerrini; Edoardo Conticini; Luca Cantarini; Bruno Frediani; Danilo Tacconi; Chiara Spertilli; Marco Feri; Alice Donati; Raffaele Scala; Luca Guidelli; Genni Spargi; Marta Corridi; Cesira Nencioni; Leonardo Croci; Maria Bandini; Gian Piero Caldarelli; Paolo Piacentini; Elena Desanctis; Silvia Cappelli; Anna Canaccini; Agnese Verzuri; Valentina Anemoli; Agostino Ognibene; Alessandro Pancrazzi; Maria Lorubbio; Antonella d’Arminio Monforte; Federica Gaia Miraglia; Massimo Girardis; Sophie Venturelli; Andrea Cossarizza; Andrea Antinori; Alessandra Vergori; Arianna Gabrieli; Agostino Riva; Daniela Francisci; Elisabetta Schiaroli; Francesco Paciosi; Pier Giorgio Scotton; Francesca Andretta; Sandro Panese; Renzo Scaggiante; Francesca Gatti; Saverio Giuseppe Parisi; Stefano Baratti; Matteo Della Monica; Carmelo Piscopo; Mario Capasso; Roberta Russo; Immacolata Andolfo; Achille Iolascon; Giuseppe Fiorentino; Massimo Carella; Marco Castori; Giuseppe Merla; Gabriella Maria Squeo; Filippo Aucella; Pamela Raggi; Carmen Marciano; Rita Perna; Matteo Bassetti; Antonio Di Biagio; Maurizio Sanguinetti; Luca Masucci; Serafina Valente; Marco Mandalà; Alessia Giorli; Lorenzo Salerni; Patrizia Zucchi; Pierpaolo Parravicini; E. Menatti; Tullio Trotta; Ferdinando Giannattasio; Gabriella Coiro; Fabio Lena; Domenico Coviello; Cristina Mussini; Enrico Martinelli; Sandro Mancarella; Luisa Tavecchia; Lia Crotti; Chiara Gabbi; Marco Rizzi; Franco Maggiolo; Diego Ripamonti; Tiziana Bachetti; Maria Teresa La Rovere; Simona Sarzi Braga; Maurizio Bussotti; Stefano Ceri; Pietro Pinoli; Francesco Raimondi; Filippo Biscarini; Alessandra Stella; Kristina Zguro; Katia Capitani; Claudia Suardi; Simona Dei; Gianfranco Parati; Sabrina Ravaglia; Rosangela Artuso; Giordano Bottà; Paolo Di Domenico; Ilaria Rancan; Antonio Perrella; Francesco Paolo Bianchi; Davide Romani; Paola Bergomi; E Catena; Riccardo Colombo; Marco Tanfoni; Antonella Vincenti; Claudio Ferri; Davide Grassi; G Pessina; Mario Tumbarello; Massimo Di Pietro; Sabrina Ravaglia; Sauro Luchi; Chiara Barbieri; Donatella Acquilini; Elena Andreucci; Francesco Vladimiro Segala; Giusy Tiseo; Marco Falcone; Mirjam Lista; Monica Poscente; Oreste De Vivo; Paola Petrocelli; Alessandra Guarnaccia; Silvia Baroni; Albert V. Smith; Andrew P. Boughton; Kevin Li; Jonathon LeFaive; Aubrey Annis; Anne E. Justice; Tooraj Mirshahi; Geetha Chittoor; Navya Shilpa Josyula; Jack A. Kosmicki; Manuel A. R. Ferreira; Joseph B. Leader; Dave J. Carey; Matthew C. Gass; Julie E. Horowitz; Michael Cantor; Ashish Yadav; Aris Baras; Gonçalo R. Abecasis; David A. van Heel; Karen A. Hunt; Dan Mason; Qin Qin Huang; Sarah Finer; Bhavi Trivedi; Chris Griffiths; Hilary C. Martin; John Wright; Richard C. Trembath; Nicole Soranzo; Jing Zhao; Adam S. Butterworth; John Danesh; Emanuele Di Angelantonio; Lude Franke; Marike Boezen; Patrick Deelen; Annique Claringbould; Esteban Lopera; Robert Warmerdam; Judith M. Vonk; Irene V. van Blokland; Pauline Lanting; Anil P. S. Ori; Sebastian Zöllner; Jiongming Wang; Andrew T. Beck; Gina M. Peloso; Yuk‐Lam Ho; Yan V. Sun; Jennifer E. Huffman; Christopher J. O’Donnell; Kelly Cho; Philip S. Tsao; J. Michael Gaziano; Michel G. Nivard; Eco J. C. de Geus; Meike Bartels; Jouke Jan Hottenga; Scott T. Weiss; Elizabeth W. Karlson; Jordan W. Smoller; Robert C. Green; Yen‐Chen Anne Feng; Josep M. Mercader; Shawn N. Murphy; James B. Meigs; Ann E. Woolley; Emma Perez; Daniel J. Rader; Anurag Verma; Marylyn D. Ritchie; Binglan Li; Shefali S. Verma; Anastasia Lucas; Yuki Bradford; Hugo Zeberg; Robert Frithiof; Michael Hultström; Miklós Lipcsey; Lindo Nkambul; Nicolas Tardif; Olav Rooyackers; Jonathan Grip; Tomislav Maričić; Konrad J. Karczewski; Elizabeth G. Atkinson; Kristin Tsuo; Nikolas Baya; Patrick Turley; Rahul Gupta; Shawneequa Callier; Raymond K. Walters; Duncan S. Palmer; Gopal Sarma; Nathan Cheng; Wenhan Lu; Sam Bryant; Claire Churchhouse; Caroline Cusick; Jacqueline I. Goldstein; Daniel King; Cotton Seed; Hilary K. Finucane; Alicia R. Martin; F. Kyle Satterstrom; Daniel J. Wilson; Jacob Armstrong; Justine Rudkin; Gavin Band; Sarah G. Earle; Shang‐Kuan Lin; Nicolas Arning; Derrick W. Crook; David Wyllie; Anne Marie O’Connell; Chris C.A. Spencer; Nils Koelling; Mark J. Caulfield; Richard H. Scott; Tom Fowler; Loukas Moutsianas; Athanasios Kousathanas; Dorota Pasko; Susan Walker; Augusto Rendon; A. Stuckey; Christopher A. Odhams; Daniel R. Rhodes; G. C. Chan; Prabhu Arumugam; Catherine A. Ball; Eurie L. Hong; Kristin A. Rand; Ahna R. Girshick; Harendra Guturu; Asher Haug Baltzell; Genevieve Roberts; Danny Park; Marie V. Coignet; Shannon McCurdy; Spencer C. Knight; Raghavendran Partha; Brooke Rhead; Miao Zhang; Nathan Berkowitz; Michael Gaddis; Keith Noto; Luong Ruiz; Miloš Pavlović; Laura Sloofman; Alexander W. Charney; Noam D. Beckmann; Eric Schadt; Daniel M. Jordan; Ryan C. Thompson; Kyle Gettler; Noura S. Abul‐Husn; Steven Ascolillo; Joseph D. Buxbaum; Kumardeep Chaudhary; Judy H. Cho; Yuval Itan; Eimear E. Kenny; Gillian M. Belbin; Stuart C. Sealfon; Robert Sebra; Irene Salib; Brett Collins; Tess Levy; Bari Britvan; Katherine Keller; Lara Tang; Michael Peruggia; Liam L. Hiester; Kristi Niblo; Alexandra Aksentijevich; Alexander Labkowsky; Avrohom Karp; Menachem Zlatopolsky; Michael Preuß; Ruth J. F. Loos; Girish N. Nadkarni; Ron Do; Clive Hoggart; Sam Choi; Slayton J. Underwood; Paul F. O’Reilly; Laura M. Huckins; Marissa Zyndorf; Mark Daly; Benjamin M. Neale; Andrea Ganna; Angie Fawkes; Lee Murphy; Kathy Rowan; Chris P. Ponting; Véronique Vitart; James F. Wilson; Jian Yang; Andrew D. Bretherick; Richard H. Scott; Sara Clohisey; Loukas Moutsianas; Andy Law; Mark J. Caulfield; J. Kenneth Baillie

doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04576-6

Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19

Athanasios Kousathanas(Genomics England), Erola Pairo‐Castineira(Roslin Institute), Konrad Rawlik(Roslin Institute), A. Stuckey(Genomics England), Christopher A. Odhams(Genomics England), Susan Walker(Genomics England), Clark D Russell(Roslin Institute), Tomas Malinauskas(Centre for Human Genetics), Yang Wu(The University of Queensland), Jonathan Millar(Roslin Institute), Xia Shen(Fudan University), Katherine S. Elliott(Centre for Human Genetics), Fiona Griffiths(Roslin Institute), Wilna Oosthuyzen(Roslin Institute), Kirstie Morrice(Western General Hospital), Seán Keating(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), Bo Wang(Roslin Institute), Daniel R. Rhodes(Genomics England), Lucija Klarić(Western General Hospital), Marie Zechner(Roslin Institute), Nick Parkinson(Roslin Institute), Afshan Siddiq(Genomics England), Peter Goddard(Genomics England), Sally Donovan(Genomics England), David M. Maslove(Queen's University), Alistair Nichol(University College Dublin), Malcolm G. Semple(University of Liverpool), Tala Zainy(Genomics England), F. Maleady-Crowe(Genomics England), Linda Todd(Genomics England), Shahla Salehi(Genomics England), Julian C. Knight(Centre for Human Genetics), Greg Elgar(Genomics England), G. C. Chan(Genomics England), Prabhu Arumugam(Genomics England), Christine Patch(Genomics England), Augusto Rendon(Genomics England), David Bentley(Illumina (United Kingdom)), Clare Kingsley(Illumina (United Kingdom)), Jack A. Kosmicki(Regeneron (United States)), Julie Horowitz(Regeneron (United States)), Aris Baras(Regeneron (United States)), Gonçalo R. Abecasis(Regeneron (United States)), Manuel A. R. Ferreira(Regeneron (United States)), Anne E. Justice(Geisinger Medical Center), Tooraj Mirshahi(Geisinger Medical Center), Matthew T. Oetjens(Geisinger Medical Center), Daniel J. Rader(University of Pennsylvania), Marylyn D. Ritchie(University of Pennsylvania), Anurag Verma(University of Pennsylvania), Tom Fowler(Department of Health and Social Care), Manu Shankar‐Hari(Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust), Charlotte Summers(University of Cambridge), Charles Hinds(Queen Mary University of London), Peter Horby(University of Oxford), Lowell Ling(Chinese University of Hong Kong), Daniel F. McAuley(Queen's University Belfast), Hugh Montgomery(Centre for Mental Health), Peter Openshaw(Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust), Paul Elliott(Imperial College London), Timothy Walsh(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), Albert Tenesa(Roslin Institute), GenOMICC investigators(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), GenOMICC co-investigators(Royal Hospital for Children), J. Kenneth Baillie(Roslin Institute), Colin B. Begg(Queen Mary University of London), Sara Clohisey(Roslin Institute), Charles Hinds(Centre for Human Genetics), Peter Horby(Chinese University of Hong Kong), Julian Knight(Centre for Human Genetics), Lowell Ling(Queen's University Belfast), David M. Maslove(Roslin Institute), Danny McAuley(Queen's University Belfast), Johnny Millar(University College Dublin), Hugh Montgomery(Centre for Mental Health), Alistair Nichol(University College Dublin), Peter J. M. Openshaw(Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust), Alexandre C. Pereira(Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre), Chris P. Ponting(University of Liverpool), Kathy Rowan(Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust), Malcolm G. Semple(University of Liverpool), Manu Shankar‐Hari(Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust), Charlotte Summers(University of Cambridge), Timothy Walsh(Roslin Institute), Latha Aravindan(Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust), Ruth Armstrong(Roslin Institute), Heather Biggs(Roslin Institute), Ceilia Boz(Western General Hospital), Adam Brown(Western General Hospital), Richard Clark(Roslin Institute), Audrey Coutts(Roslin Institute), J. Terrence Coyle(Hammersmith Hospital), Louise Cullum(Roslin Institute), Sukamal Das(Western General Hospital), Nicky Day(Roslin Institute), Lorna Donnelly(Western General Hospital), Esther Duncan(Roslin Institute), Angie Fawkes(Roslin Institute), Paul Finernan(Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust), Max Head Fourman(Roslin Institute), Anita Furlong(Roslin Institute), James Furniss(Western General Hospital), Bernadette Gallagher(Roslin Institute), Tammy Gilchrist(Roslin Institute), Ailsa Golightly(Western General Hospital), Fiona Griffiths(Roslin Institute), Katarzyna Hafezi(Roslin Institute), Debbie Hamilton(Roslin Institute), Ross Hendry(Roslin Institute), Andy Law(Roslin Institute), Dawn Law(Roslin Institute), R. M. Law(Roslin Institute), Sarah Law(Western General Hospital), Rebecca Lidstone-Scott(Western General Hospital), Louise MacGillivray(Roslin Institute), Alan Maclean(Western General Hospital), Hanning Mal(Roslin Institute), Sarah McCafferty(Roslin Institute), Ellie Mcmaster(University of Liverpool), Jen Meikle(Western General Hospital), Shona C. Moore(Western General Hospital), Kirstie Morrice(Western General Hospital), Lee Murphy(Roslin Institute), Sheena Murphy(Roslin Institute), Mybaya Hellen(Sun Yat-sen University), Wilna Oosthuyzen(Roslin Institute), Chenqing Zheng(Roslin Institute), Jiantao Chen(Roslin Institute), Nick Parkinson(Roslin Institute), Trevor Paterson(Roslin Institute), Katherine Schon(Hammersmith Hospital), Andrew Stenhouse(Roslin Institute), Mihaela Das(Roslin Institute), Maaike Swets(Roslin Institute), Helen Szoor-McElhinney(University of Liverpool), Filip Taneski(Roslin Institute), Lance Turtle(Roslin Institute), Tony Wackett(Roslin Institute), Mairi Ward(Western General Hospital), Jane Weaver(Roslin Institute), Nicola Wrobel(St Thomas' Hospital), Marie Zechner(St Thomas' Hospital), Gill Arbane(St Thomas' Hospital), Aneta Bociek(St Thomas' Hospital), Sara Campos(St Thomas' Hospital), Neus Grau(St Thomas' Hospital), Tim Jones(St Thomas' Hospital), Rosario Lim(St Thomas' Hospital), Martina Marotti(Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust), Marlies Ostermann(St Thomas' Hospital), Manu Shankar‐Hari(Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust), R. Chris Whitton(Barts Health NHS Trust), Barts Health NHS Trust team(Barts Health NHS Trust), Zoe Alldis(Barts Health NHS Trust), Raine Astin-Chamberlain(Barts Health NHS Trust), Fatima Bibi(Barts Health NHS Trust), Jack Biddle(Barts Health NHS Trust), Sarah Blow(Barts Health NHS Trust), Matthew L. Bolton(Barts Health NHS Trust), Catherine Borra(Barts Health NHS Trust), Ruth Bowles(Barts Health NHS Trust), Maudrian Burton(Barts Health NHS Trust), Yasmin Choudhury(Barts Health NHS Trust), David Collier(Barts Health NHS Trust), Amber Cox(Barts Health NHS Trust), Amy Easthope(Barts Health NHS Trust), Patrizia Ebano(Barts Health NHS Trust), Stavros Fotiadis(Barts Health NHS Trust), Jana Gurasashvili(Barts Health NHS Trust), Rosslyn Halls(Barts Health NHS Trust), Pippa Hartridge(Barts Health NHS Trust), Delordson Kallon(Barts Health NHS Trust), Jamila Kassam(Barts Health NHS Trust), Ivone Lancoma-Malcolm(Barts Health NHS Trust), Maninderpal Matharu(Barts Health NHS Trust), P. May(Barts Health NHS Trust), Oliver Mitchelmore(Barts Health NHS Trust), Tabitha Newman(Barts Health NHS Trust), Mital Patel(Barts Health NHS Trust), Jane Pheby(Barts Health NHS Trust), Irene Pinzuti(Barts Health NHS Trust), Zoe Prime(Barts Health NHS Trust), Oleksandra Prysyazhna(Barts Health NHS Trust), Julian Shiel(Barts Health NHS Trust), Melanie Taylor(Barts Health NHS Trust), Carey Tierney(Barts Health NHS Trust), S. M. Wood(James Cook University Hospital), Anne Zak(James Cook University Hospital), Olivier Zongo(James Cook University Hospital), Stephen Bonner(James Cook University Hospital), Keith Hugill(James Cook University Hospital), Jessica Jones(Royal Stoke University Hospital), Steven Liggett(Royal Stoke University Hospital), Evie Headlam(Royal Stoke University Hospital), Nageswar Bandla(Royal Stoke University Hospital), Minnie Gellamucho(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), Michelle Davies(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), C. C. Thompson(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), Marwa Abdelrazik(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), Dhanalakshmi Bakthavatsalam(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), Munzir Elhassan(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), Arunkumar Ganesan(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), Anne Haldeos(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), Jerónimo Moreno-Cuesta(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), Dharam Purohit(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), Rachel Vincent(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), Kugan Xavier(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), Rohit Kumar(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), Alasdair Frater(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), Malik Saleem(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), David Carter(North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust), Samuel Jenkins(University of Liverpool), Zoe Lamond(University of Liverpool), Alanna Wall(University of Liverpool), Jaime Fernandez-Roman(University of Liverpool), David Hamilton(University of Liverpool), Emily Johnson(University of Liverpool), Brian Johnston(University of Liverpool), Maria Lopez Martinez(University of Liverpool), Suleman Mulla(University of Liverpool), David Shaw(University of Liverpool), Alicia Waite(University of Liverpool), Victoria Waugh(King's College Hospital), Ingeborg Welters(King's College Hospital), Karen Williams(King's College Hospital), Anna Cavazza(King's College Hospital), Maeve Cockrell(King's College Hospital), Eleanor Corcoran(King's College Hospital), Maria Depante(King's College Hospital), Clare Finney(King's College Hospital), Ellen Jerome(King's College Hospital), Mark McPhail(King's College Hospital), Monalisa Nayak(King's College Hospital), Harriet Noble(King's College Hospital), Kevin O’Reilly(King's College Hospital), Evita Pappa(King's College Hospital), Rohit Saha(King's College Hospital), Sian Saha(Hammersmith Hospital), John Smith(Hammersmith Hospital), Abigail Knighton(Hammersmith Hospital), David Antcliffe(Hammersmith Hospital), Dorota Banach(Hammersmith Hospital), Stephen J. Brett(Hammersmith Hospital), Phoebe Coghlan(Hammersmith Hospital), Ziortza Fernandez(Hammersmith Hospital), Anthony Gordon(Hammersmith Hospital), Roceld Rojo, Sonia Sousa Arias, Maie Templeton, Megan Meredith, Lucy Morris, Lucy Ryan, Amy Clark, Julia Sampson, Cecilia Peters, Martin Dent, Margaret Langley, Saima Ashraf(John Radcliffe Hospital), Shuying Wei(John Radcliffe Hospital), Angela Andrew(John Radcliffe Hospital), Archana Bashyal(John Radcliffe Hospital), Neil Davidson(John Radcliffe Hospital), Paula Hutton(Kingston Hospital), Stuart McKechnie(Kingston Hospital), Jean Wilson(Western General Hospital), David Baptista(Kingston Hospital), Rebecca Crowe(Kingston Hospital), Rita Fernandes(Kingston Hospital), Rosaleen Herdman-Grant(Kingston Hospital), Anna Joseph(Kingston Hospital), Denise O’Connor(Kingston Hospital), Meryem Allen(Kingston Hospital), Adam Loveridge(Kingston Hospital), India McKenley(Kingston Hospital), Eriko Morino(Kingston Hospital), Andrés Naranjo(Kingston Hospital), Richard Simms(Kingston Hospital), Kathryn Sollesta(Kingston Hospital), Andrew Swain(Kingston Hospital), Harish Venkatesh(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), Jacyntha Khera(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), Jonathan Fox(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh team(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), Gillian Andrew(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), J. Kenneth Baillie(Roslin Institute), Lucy Barclay(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), Marie Callaghan(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), Rachael Campbell(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), Sarah J. Clark(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), Dave Hope(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), Lucy Marshall(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), Corrienne McCulloch(Queen Alexandra Hospital), Kate Briton(Queen Alexandra Hospital), Jo Singleton(Queen Alexandra Hospital), Sophie Birch(Queen Alexandra Hospital), Lutece Brimfield(Queen Alexandra Hospital), Zoe Daly(Morriston Hospital), David Pogson(Morriston Hospital), Steve Rose(Morriston Hospital), Angela Nown(Morriston Hospital), Ceri Battle(Morriston Hospital), Elaine Brinkworth(Morriston Hospital), Rachel Harford(Morriston Hospital), Carl Murphy(Morriston Hospital), Luke Newey(Addenbrooke's Hospital), Tabitha Rees(Addenbrooke's Hospital), Marie Williams(Addenbrooke's Hospital), Sophie Arnold(Addenbrooke's Hospital), Petra Polgarova(Addenbrooke's Hospital), Katerina Stroud(Addenbrooke's Hospital), Charlotte Summers(University of Cambridge), Eoghan Meaney(Addenbrooke's Hospital), Megan Jones(Addenbrooke's Hospital), Anthony Ng(Addenbrooke's Hospital), Shruti Agrawal(Addenbrooke's Hospital), Nazima Pathan(King George Hospital), Deborah White(King George Hospital), Esther Daubney(King George Hospital), Kay Elston(King George Hospital), Lina Grauslyte(King George Hospital), Musarat Hussain(King George Hospital), Mandeep Phull(King George Hospital), Tatiana Pogreban(King George Hospital), Lace Rosaroso(King George Hospital), Erika Šalčiūtė(Royal Sussex County Hospital), George R. Franke(Royal Sussex County Hospital), Joanna Wong(Royal Sussex County Hospital), Aparna George(Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham), Laura Ortiz-Ruiz de Gordoa(Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham), Emily Peasgood(Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham), Claire Phillips(Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham), Michelle Bates(Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham), J Dasgin(Queen Elizabeth Hospital), Jaspret Gill(Queen Elizabeth Hospital), Annette Nilsson(Queen Elizabeth Hospital), James Scriven(St George's Hospital), Amy Collins(St George's Hospital), Waqas Khaliq(St George's Hospital), Estefania Treus Gude(St George's Hospital), Carlos Castro Delgado(St George's Hospital), Deborah Dawson(St George's Hospital), Lijun Ding(St George's Hospital), Georgia Durrant(St George's Hospital), Obiageri Ezeobu(St George's Hospital), Sarah Farnell-Ward(St George's Hospital), Abiola Harrison(St George's Hospital), Rebecca Kanu(St George's Hospital), Susannah Leaver(St George's Hospital), Elena Maccacari(St George's Hospital), Soumendu Manna(St George's Hospital), Romina Pepermans Saluzzio(St George's Hospital), Joana Queiroz(St George's Hospital), Tinashe Samakomva(St George's Hospital), Christine Sicat(St George's Hospital), Joana Texeira(St George's Hospital), Edna Fernandes Da Gloria(St George's Hospital), Ana Lisboa(St George's Hospital), John Rawlins(St George's Hospital), Jisha Mathew(St George's Hospital), Ashley Kinch(St George's Hospital), William James Hurt(St George's Hospital), Nirav R. Shah(St George's Hospital), Victoria Clark(Stepping Hill Hospital), Maria Thanasi(Stepping Hill Hospital), Nikki Yun(Stepping Hill Hospital), Kamal Patel(Stepping Hill Hospital), Sara Bennett(Stepping Hill Hospital), Emma C. Goodwin(Stepping Hill Hospital), Matthew Jackson(Stepping Hill Hospital), Alissa Kent(University of Liverpool), Clare Tibke(University of Liverpool), Wiesia Woodyatt(University of Liverpool), Ahmed F. Zaki(University of Liverpool), Azmerelda Abraheem(University of Liverpool), Peter Bamford(University of Liverpool), Kathryn Cawley(University of Liverpool), Charlie Dunmore(University of Liverpool), Maria Faulkner(University of Liverpool), Rumanah Girach(University of Liverpool), Helen Jeffrey(University of Liverpool), Rhianna Jones(University of Liverpool), Emily London(University of Liverpool), Imrun Nagra(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Farah Nasir(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Hannah Sainsbury(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Clare Smedley(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Tahera Patel(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Matthew Smith(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Srikanth Chukkambotla(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Aayesha Kazi(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Janice Hartley(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Joseph Dykes(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Muhammad Hijazi(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Sarah Keith(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Meherunnisa Khan(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Janet Ryan-Smith(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Philippa Springle(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Jacqueline Thomas(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Nick Truman(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Samuel Saad(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Dabheoc Coleman(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Christopher Fine(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Roseanna Matt(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Bethan Gay(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Jack Dalziel(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Syamlan Ali(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Drew Goodchild(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Rhiannan Harling(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Ravi Bhatterjee(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Wendy Goddard(Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital), Chloe Davison(Tunbridge Wells Hospital), Stephen Duberly(Tunbridge Wells Hospital), Jeanette Hargreaves(Tunbridge Wells Hospital), Rachel Bolton(Royal Gwent Hospital), Miriam Davey(Royal Gwent Hospital), David B.K. Golden(Royal Gwent Hospital), Rebecca Seaman(Royal Gwent Hospital), Shiney Cherian(Royal Gwent Hospital), Sean Cutler(Royal Gwent Hospital), Anne Emma Heron(Royal Gwent Hospital), Anna Roynon-Reed(Royal Gwent Hospital), Tamás Szakmány(Pinderfields Hospital), Gemma Williams(Pinderfields Hospital), Owen Richards(Pinderfields Hospital), Yusuf Cheema(Pinderfields Hospital), Hollie Brooke(Pinderfields Hospital), Sarah Buckley(Pinderfields Hospital), Jose Cebrian Suarez(Pinderfields Hospital), Ruth Charlesworth(Pinderfields Hospital), Karen Hansson(Pinderfields Hospital), John W. Norris(Pinderfields Hospital), Alice Poole(Pinderfields Hospital), Alastair Rose(Pinderfields Hospital), Rajdeep Sandhu(Pinderfields Hospital), Brendan Sloan(Pinderfields Hospital), Elizabeth Smithson(Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust), Muthu Thirumaran(Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust), Veronica Wagstaff(Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust), Alexandra Metcalfe(Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust), Mark Brunton(Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust), Jess Caterson(Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust), Holly Coles(Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust), Matthew Frise(Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust), Sabi Gurung(Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust), Nicola Jacques(Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust), Liza Keating(Broomfield Hospital), Emma Tilney(Broomfield Hospital), Shauna Bartley(Broomfield Hospital), Parminder Bhuie(Broomfield Hospital), Sian Gibson(Broomfield Hospital), Amanda Lyle(Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust), Fiona McNeela(Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust), Jayachandran Radhakrishnan(Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust), Alistair Hughes(Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust), Bryan Yates(Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust), Jessica Reynolds(Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust), Helen Campbell(Whiston Hospital), Maria Thompsom(Whiston Hospital), Steve Dodds(Whiston Hospital), Stacey Duffy(Croydon University Hospital), Sandra Greer(Croydon University Hospital), Karen Shuker(Croydon University Hospital), Ascanio Tridente(York Hospital), Reena Khade(York Hospital), Ashok Sundar(York Hospital), George Tsinaslanidis(York Hospital), Isobel Birkinshaw(York Hospital), J. W. S. Carter(York Hospital), Kate Howard(York Hospital), Joanne Ingham(York Hospital), Rosie Joy(Heartlands Hospital), Harriet Pearson(Heartlands Hospital), Samantha Roche(Heartlands Hospital), Zoë Scott(Heartlands Hospital), Hollie Bancroft(Heartlands Hospital), Mary Bellamy(Heartlands Hospital), Margaret Carmody(Heartlands Hospital), Jacqueline Daglish(Heartlands Hospital), Faye Moore(Heartlands Hospital), Joanne Rhodes(St Peter's Hospital), Mirriam Sangombe(St Peter's Hospital), Salma Kadiri(St Peter's Hospital), James Scriven(St Peter's Hospital), Maria Croft(Barnet Hospital), Ian White(Barnet Hospital), Victoria Frost(Barnet Hospital), Maia Aquino(Barnet Hospital), Rajeev Jha(East Surrey Hospital), Vinodh Krishnamurthy(East Surrey Hospital), Lai Lim(East Surrey Hospital), Li Hong Idris Lim(East Surrey Hospital), Edward Combes(East Surrey Hospital), Teishel Joefield(Ninewells Hospital), Sonja Monnery(Ninewells Hospital), Valerie Beech(Ninewells Hospital), Sallyanne Trotman(Ninewells Hospital), Christine Almaden-Boyle(Ninewells Hospital), Pauline Austin(Ninewells Hospital), Louise Cabrelli(Ninewells Hospital), Stephen Cole(Worthing Hospital), Matt Casey(Worthing Hospital), Susan Chapman(Worthing Hospital), Clare Whyte(Worthing Hospital), Yolanda Baird(Worthing Hospital), Aaron Butler(St Richard's Hospital), Indra Chadbourn(Worthing Hospital), Linda Folkes(Worthing Hospital), Heather Fox(Worthing Hospital), Amy Gardner(St Richard's Hospital), Raquel Gomez(St Richard's Hospital), Gillian Hobden(Worthing Hospital), Luke Hodgson(St Richard's Hospital), Kirsten King(Worthing Hospital), Michael Margarson(Worthing Hospital), Tim Martindale(Worthing Hospital), Emma Meadows(St Richard's Hospital), Dana Raynard(Southampton General Hospital), Yvette Thirlwall(Southampton General Hospital), David Helm(Southampton General Hospital), Jordi Margalef(Southampton General Hospital), Kristine Criste(Southampton General Hospital), Rebecca Cusack(Southampton General Hospital), Kim Golder(Southampton General Hospital), Hannah Golding(Southampton General Hospital), Oliver Jones(Southampton General Hospital), Samantha Leggett(Southampton General Hospital), Michelle Male(Southampton General Hospital), Martyna Marani(Southampton General Hospital), Kirsty Prager(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Toran Williams(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Belinda Roberts(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Karen Salmon(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Peter Anderson(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Katie E. Archer(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Karen Austin(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Caroline Davis(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Alison Durie(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Olivia Kelsall(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Jessica Thrush(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Charlie Vigurs(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Laura Wild(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Hannah-Louise Wood(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Helen Tranter(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Alison Harrison(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Nicholas Cowley(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Michael McAlindon(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Andrew Burtenshaw(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Stephen Digby(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Emma Low(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Aled Morgan(Worcestershire Royal Hospital), Naiara Cother(City Hospital), Tobias Rankin(City Hospital), Sarah Clayton(City Hospital), Alex McCurdy(City Hospital), Cecilia Ahmed(City Hospital), Balvinder Baines(City Hospital), Sarah Clamp(City Hospital), Julie Colley(City Hospital), Risna Haq(City Hospital), Anne Hayes(City Hospital), Jonathan Hulme(City Hospital), Samia Hussain(City Hospital), Sibet Joseph(University of Liverpool), Rita Kumar(University of Liverpool), Zahira Maqsood(University of Liverpool), Manjit Purewal(University of Liverpool), Leonie Benham(University of Liverpool), Zena Bradshaw(University of Liverpool), Joanna Brown(University of Liverpool), Melanie Caswell(University of Liverpool), Jason Cupitt(University of Liverpool), Sarah Melling(University of Liverpool), Stephen Preston(Royal Glamorgan Hospital), Nicola Slawson(Royal Glamorgan Hospital), Emma Stoddard(Royal Glamorgan Hospital), Scott Warden(Royal Glamorgan Hospital), Bethan Deacon(Royal Glamorgan Hospital), Ceri Lynch(Royal Glamorgan Hospital), Carla Pothecary(Royal Glamorgan Hospital), L Roche(Royal Glamorgan Hospital), Gwenllian Sera Howe(Royal Glamorgan Hospital), Jayaprakash Singh(Royal Oldham Hospital), Keri Turner(Royal Oldham Hospital), Hannah Ellis(Royal Oldham Hospital), Natalie Stroud(Royal Oldham Hospital), Jodie Hunt(Royal Oldham Hospital), Joy Dearden(Royal Oldham Hospital), Emma Dobson(Royal Oldham Hospital), A. D. Drummond(Royal Oldham Hospital), Michelle Mulcahy(Royal Oldham Hospital), Sheila Munt(Royal Oldham Hospital), Gráinne O’Connor(Royal Oldham Hospital), Jennifer Philbin(Glasgow Royal Infirmary), Chloe Rishton(Glasgow Royal Infirmary), Redmond Tully(Glasgow Royal Infirmary), Sarah Winnard(Glasgow Royal Infirmary), Glasgow Royal Infirmary team(Glasgow Royal Infirmary), Susanne Cathcart(Glasgow Royal Infirmary), Katharine Duffy(Glasgow Royal Infirmary), Alex Puxty(Leeds General Infirmary), Kathryn Puxty(Leeds General Infirmary), Lynne Turner(Leeds General Infirmary), Jane Ireland(Leeds General Infirmary), Gary Semple(University Hospital of North Durham), Kate Long(University Hospital of North Durham), Simon Whiteley(University Hospital of North Durham), Elizabeth Wilby(University Hospital of North Durham), Bethan Ogg(University Hospital of North Durham), Amanda Cowton(University Hospital of North Durham), Andrea Kay(University Hospital of North Durham), Melanie Kent(Fairfield General Hospital), Kathryn Potts(Fairfield General Hospital), Ami Wilkinson(Fairfield General Hospital), Suzanne Campbell(Fairfield General Hospital), Ellen Brown(Fairfield General Hospital), Julie Melville(Fairfield General Hospital), Jay Naisbitt(Wythenshawe Hospital), Rosane Joseph(Wythenshawe Hospital), Maria Lazo(Wythenshawe Hospital), Olivia Walton(Wythenshawe Hospital), Alan Neal(Wythenshawe Hospital), Peter Alexander(Wythenshawe Hospital), Schvearn Allen(Wythenshawe Hospital), Joanne Bradley-Potts(Wythenshawe Hospital), Craig Brantwood(Wythenshawe Hospital), Jasmine Egan(Wythenshawe Hospital), Timothy Felton(Royal Alexandra Hospital), Grace Padden(Royal Alexandra Hospital), Luke Ward(Royal Alexandra Hospital), Stuart Moss(Royal Alexandra Hospital), Susannah Glasgow(Royal Alexandra Hospital), Lynn Abel(Royal Alexandra Hospital), Michael Brett(Royal Alexandra Hospital), Brian Digby(Royal Alexandra Hospital), Lisa Gemmell(Royal Alexandra Hospital), James Hornsby(Royal Alexandra Hospital), Patrick MacGoey(Royal Alexandra Hospital), Pauline O’Neil(Royal Alexandra Hospital), R. Arlen Price(Good Hope Hospital), Natalie Rodden(Good Hope Hospital), Kevin Rooney(Good Hope Hospital), Radha Sundaram(Good Hope Hospital), Nicola Thomson(Tameside Hospital), Bridget Hopkins(Tameside Hospital), James Scriven(Tameside Hospital), Laura Thrasyvoulou(Tameside Hospital), Heather Willis(Tameside Hospital), Martyn Clark(Tameside Hospital), M Coulding(Tameside Hospital), Edward B. Jude(Tameside Hospital), Jacqueline McCormick(Tameside Hospital), Oliver Mercer(Royal Derby Hospital), Darsh Potla(Royal Derby Hospital), Hafiz Muhammad Rehman(Royal Derby Hospital), Heather Savill(Royal Derby Hospital), Victoria Turner(Royal Derby Hospital), Charlotte Downes(Royal Derby Hospital), Kathleen Holding(Royal Derby Hospital), Katie Riches(Medway Maritime Hospital), Mary A. Hilton(Medway Maritime Hospital), Melanie Hayman(Medway Maritime Hospital), Deepak Subramanian(Medway Maritime Hospital), Priya Daniel(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Oluronke Adanini(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Nikhil Bhatia(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Maines Msiska(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Rebecca Collins(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Royal Victoria Infirmary team(Royal Victoria Infirmary), I Clement'(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Bijal Patel(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Arvind Gulati(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Carole Hays(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Kimberly Webster(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Anne Hudson(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Andrea J. Webster(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Elaine Stephenson(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Louise McCormack(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Victoria Slater(Royal Victoria Infirmary), Rachel Nixon(Poole Hospital), Helen Hanson(Poole Hospital), Maggie Fearby(Poole Hospital), Sinéad Kelly(Poole Hospital), Victoria Bridgett(Poole Hospital), Philip Robinson(Poole Hospital), Julie Camsooksai(Bedford Hospital), Charlotte Humphrey(Bedford Hospital), Sarah M. Jenkins(Bedford Hospital), Henrik Reschreiter(Bedford Hospital), Beverley Wadams(Bedford Hospital), Yasmin DeAth(Bedford Hospital), Victoria Bastion(Bedford Hospital), Daphene Clarke(Bedford Hospital), Beena David(Bedford Hospital), Harriet Kent(Bedford Hospital), Rachel Lorusso(Bedford Hospital), Gamu Lubimbi(Bedford Hospital), Sophie Murdoch(Bedford Hospital), Melchizedek Penacerrada(Burton Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust), Alastair Thomas(Burton Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust), Jennifer Valentine(Burton Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust), Ana Vochin(Burton Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust), Retno Wulandari(North Manchester General Hospital), Brice Djeugam(North Manchester General Hospital), Gillian Bell(North Manchester General Hospital), Katy English(North Manchester General Hospital), Amro Katary(North Manchester General Hospital), Louise Wilcox(North Manchester General Hospital), Michelle Bruce(North Manchester General Hospital), Karen Connolly(North Manchester General Hospital), Tracy Duncan(North Manchester General Hospital), Helen Michael(North Manchester General Hospital), Gabriella Lindergard(North Manchester General Hospital), Samuel Hey(North Manchester General Hospital), Claire Fox(North Manchester General Hospital), Jordan Alfonso(North Manchester General Hospital), Laura Jayne Durrans(North Manchester General Hospital), Jacinta Guerin(North Manchester General Hospital), Bethan Blackledge(North Manchester General Hospital), Jade Harris(North Manchester General Hospital), Martin Hruška(Aberdeen Royal Infirmary), Ayaa Eltayeb(Aberdeen Royal Infirmary), Thomas Lamb(Aberdeen Royal Infirmary), Tracey Hodgkiss(Aberdeen Royal Infirmary), Lisa Cooper(Aberdeen Royal Infirmary), Joanne Rothwell(Aberdeen Royal Infirmary), Aberdeen Royal Infirmary team(Aberdeen Royal Infirmary), Angela Allan(Aberdeen Royal Infirmary), Felicity Anderson(Derriford Hospital), Callum Kaye(Derriford Hospital), Jade Liew(Derriford Hospital), Jasmine Medhora(Derriford Hospital), Teresa Scott(Derriford Hospital), Erin Trumper(Manchester Royal Infirmary), Adriana Botello(Manchester Royal Infirmary), Liana Lankester(Manchester Royal Infirmary), Nikitas Nikitas(Manchester Royal Infirmary), Colin Wells(Manchester Royal Infirmary), Bethan Stowe(Manchester Royal Infirmary), Kayleigh Spencer(Manchester Royal Infirmary), Manchester Royal Infirmary team(Salford Royal Hospital), Craig Brandwood(Salford Royal Hospital), Lara Smith(Salford Royal Hospital), Richard Clark(Salford Royal Hospital), Katie Birchall(Salford Royal Hospital), Laurel Kolakaluri(Salford Royal Hospital), Deborah L. Baines(Salford Royal Hospital), Anila Sukumaran(Salford Royal Hospital), Elena Apetri(Salford Royal Hospital), Cathrine Basikolo(Salford Royal Hospital), Bethan Blackledge(Salford Royal Hospital), Laura Catlow(Salford Royal Hospital), Bethan Charles(Salford Royal Hospital), Paul Dark(Salford Royal Hospital), Reece Doonan(Salford Royal Hospital), Jade Harris(Salford Royal Hospital), Alice Harvey(Salford Royal Hospital), Daniel Horner(Salford Royal Hospital), Karen Knowles(Salford Royal Hospital), Stephanie J. Lee(Salford Royal Hospital), Diane Lomas(Salford Royal Hospital), Chloe Lyons(Salford Royal Hospital), Tracy Marsden(Salford Royal Hospital), Danielle McLaughlan(Salford Royal Hospital), Liam McMorrow(Salford Royal Hospital), Jessica Pendlebury(Salford Royal Hospital), Jane Perez(Salford Royal Hospital), Maria Poulaka(Salford Royal Hospital), Nicola Proudfoot(William Harvey Hospital), Melanie Slaughter(William Harvey Hospital), Kathryn Slevin(William Harvey Hospital), Melanie Taylor(William Harvey Hospital), Vicky Thomas(William Harvey Hospital), Danielle Walker(William Harvey Hospital), Angiy Michael(Queen Elizabeth University Hospital), Matthew Collis(Queen Elizabeth University Hospital), Tracey Cosier(Queen Elizabeth University Hospital), Gemma Millen(Queen Elizabeth University Hospital), Neil Richardson(Queen Elizabeth University Hospital), Natasha Schumacher(Queen Elizabeth University Hospital), Heather Weston(Queen Elizabeth University Hospital), James Rand(Bradford Royal Infirmary), Nicola Baxter(Bradford Royal Infirmary), Steven Henderson(Bradford Royal Infirmary), Sophie Kennedy-Hay(Bradford Royal Infirmary), Christopher McParland(Bradford Royal Infirmary), Laura Rooney(Bradford Royal Infirmary), Malcolm Sim(Bradford Royal Infirmary), Gordan McCreath(Bradford Royal Infirmary), Bradford Royal Infirmary team(Bradford Royal Infirmary), Louise Akeroyd(Bradford Royal Infirmary), Shereen Bano(Bradford Royal Infirmary), Matt Bromley(Bradford Royal Infirmary), Lucy Gurr(Bradford Royal Infirmary), Tom Lawton(Bradford Royal Infirmary), James P. Morgan(Bradford Royal Infirmary), Kirsten Sellick(Bristol Royal Infirmary), Deborah Warren(Bristol Royal Infirmary), Brian J. Wilkinson(Bristol Royal Infirmary), Janet McGowan(Bristol Royal Infirmary), Camilla Ledgard(Bristol Royal Infirmary), Amelia Stacey(Bristol Royal Infirmary), Kate Pye(Bristol Royal Infirmary), Ruth Bellwood(Bristol Royal Infirmary), Michael J. Bentley(Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital), Bristol Royal Infirmary team(Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital), Jeremy Bewley(Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital), Zoe Garland(Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital), Lisa Grimmer(Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital), Bethany Gumbrill(Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital), Rebekah Johnson(Queen Elizabeth Hospital), Katie Sweet(Queen Elizabeth Hospital), Denise Webster(Queen Elizabeth Hospital), Georgia Efford(Queen Elizabeth Hospital), Karen Convery(Queen Elizabeth Hospital), Deirdre Fottrell-Gould(Queen Elizabeth Hospital), Lisa Hudig(Queen Elizabeth Hospital), Jocelyn Keshet-Price(Sunderland Royal Hospital), Georgina Randell(Sunderland Royal Hospital), Katie Stammers(Sunderland Royal Hospital), Maria Bokhari(Sunderland Royal Hospital), Vanessa Linnett(Sunderland Royal Hospital), Rachael Lucas(Sunderland Royal Hospital), W McCormick(Sunderland Royal Hospital), Jenny Ritzema(University of Liverpool), Amanda Sanderson(University of Liverpool), Helen Wild(University of Liverpool), Anthony Rostron(University of Liverpool), Alistair Roy(University of Liverpool), Lindsey Woods(Hull Royal Infirmary), Sarah Cornell(Hull Royal Infirmary), Fiona Wakinshaw(Hull Royal Infirmary), Kimberley Rogerson(Hull Royal Infirmary), Jordan Jarmain(Hull Royal Infirmary), Robert S. Parker(Hull Royal Infirmary), Amie Reddy(Hull Royal Infirmary), Ian Turner-Bone(University College Hospital), Laura Wilding(University College Hospital), Peter Harding(University College Hospital), Hull Royal Infirmary team(University College Hospital), C. R. Abernathy(University College Hospital), Louise Foster(University College Hospital), Andrew Gratrix(University College Hospital), Vicky Martinson(University College Hospital), Priyai Parkinson(Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital), Elizabeth Stones(Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital), Llucia Carbral-Ortega(Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital), Georgia Bercades(Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital), David Brealey(Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital), Ingrid Hass(Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital), Niall MacCallum(Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital), Gladys Martir(Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital), Eamon Raith(Papworth Hospital), Anna Reyes(Papworth Hospital), Deborah Smyth(Papworth Hospital), Letizia Zitter(Papworth Hospital), Sarah Benyon(Papworth Hospital), Suzie Marriott(Papworth Hospital), Linda Park(Papworth Hospital), Samantha Keenan(Papworth Hospital), Elizabeth Gordón(Papworth Hospital), Helen R. Quinn(Papworth Hospital), Kizzy Baines(Ipswich Hospital), Lenka Cagova(Ipswich Hospital), Adama Fofano(Ipswich Hospital), Lucie Garner(Southmead Hospital), Helen Holcombe(Southmead Hospital), Sue Mepham(Southmead Hospital), Alice Michael Mitchell(Southmead Hospital), Lucy Mwaura(Southmead Hospital), Krithivasan Praman(Southmead Hospital), Alain Vuylsteke(Southmead Hospital), Julie Zamikula(Southmead Hospital), Bally Purewal(Southmead Hospital), Vanessa Rivers(Southmead Hospital), Stephanie Bell(Milton Keynes Hospital), Hayley Blakemore(Milton Keynes Hospital), Borislava Borislavova(Milton Keynes Hospital), Beverley Faulkner(Milton Keynes Hospital), Emma Gendall(Milton Keynes Hospital), Elizabeth Goff(Milton Keynes Hospital), Kati Hayes(Royal Hampshire County Hospital), Matt Thomas(Royal Hampshire County Hospital), Ruth Worner(Royal Hampshire County Hospital), Kerry Smith(Royal Hampshire County Hospital), Deanna Stephens(Royal Hampshire County Hospital), Louise Mew(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Esther Mwaura(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Richard Stewart(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Felicity Williams(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Lynn Wren(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Sara-Beth Sutherland(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Emily Bevan(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Jane Martin(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Dawn Trodd(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Geoff Watson(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Caroline Wrey Brown(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Olugbenga Akinkugbe(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Alasdair Bamford(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Emily Beech(Stoke Mandeville Hospital), Holly Belfield(Stoke Mandeville Hospital), M. J. Bell(Stoke Mandeville Hospital), Charlene Davies(Stoke Mandeville Hospital), Gareth A. Jones(Stoke Mandeville Hospital), Tara McHugh(Stoke Mandeville Hospital), Hamza Meghari(Stoke Mandeville Hospital), Lauran O’Neill(University Hospital of Wales), Mark Peters(University Hospital of Wales), Samiran Ray(University Hospital of Wales), Ana Luisa Tomas(University Hospital of Wales), Iona Burn(University Hospital of Wales), Geraldine Hambrook(University Hospital of Wales), Katarina Manso(University Hospital of Wales), Ruth Penn(University Hospital of Wales), Pradeep Shanmugasundaram(Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital), Julie Tebbutt(Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital), Danielle Thornton(Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital), Jade Cole(Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital), Michelle Davies(Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital), Rhys Davies(Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital), Donna Duffin(Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital), Helen Hill(Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital), Ben Player(Arrowe Park Hospital), Emma Thomas(Arrowe Park Hospital), Angharad Williams(Arrowe Park Hospital), Denise Griffin(Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Nycola Muchenje(Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), McDonald Mupudzi(Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Richard Partridge(Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Jo-Anna Conyngham(Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Rachel Thomas(Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Mary Wright(Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Maria Alvarez Corral(Musgrove Park Hospital), Reni Jacob(Musgrove Park Hospital), Cathy Jones(Musgrove Park Hospital), Craig Denmade(Musgrove Park Hospital), Sarah Beavis(Musgrove Park Hospital), Katie Dale(Hinchingbrooke Hospital), Rachel Gascoyne(Hinchingbrooke Hospital), Joanne Hawes(Hinchingbrooke Hospital), Kelly Pritchard(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Lesley Stevenson(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Amanda Whileman(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Patricia Doble(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Joanne Hutter(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Corinne Pawley(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Charmaine Shovelton(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Marius Vaida(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Deborah Butcher(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Susie O’Sullivan(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Nicola Butterworth‐Cowin(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Norfaizan Ahmad(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Joann Barker(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Kris Bauchmüller(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Sarah Bird(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Kay Cawthron(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Kate Harrington(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Yvonne Jackson(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Faith Kibutu(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Becky Lenagh(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Shamiso Masuko(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Gary Mills(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Ajay Raithatha(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), M. D. Wiles(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Jayne Willson(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Helen Newell(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Alison Lye(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Lorenza Nwafor(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Claire Jarman(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Sarah Rowland‐Jones(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), David Foote(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Joby Cole(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Roger Thompson(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), James Watson(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Lisa Hesseldon(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Irene Macharia(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Luke Chetam(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Jacqui Smith(Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Amber Ford(Dumfries and Galloway Royal Infirmary), Samantha Anderson(Dumfries and Galloway Royal Infirmary), Kathryn Birchall(Dumfries and Galloway Royal Infirmary), Kay Housley(Royal Bolton Hospital), Sara E. Walker(Genomics England), L Milner(Royal Bolton Hospital), Helena Hanratty(Royal Bolton Hospital), Helen Trower(Royal Bolton Hospital), Patrick Phillips(Royal Bolton Hospital), Simon Oxspring(Royal Bolton Hospital), B. Donne(Lister Hospital), Dumfries and Galloway Royal Infirmary team(Lister Hospital), Catherine Jardine(Craigavon Area Hospital), Dewi Williams(Craigavon Area Hospital), Alasdair Hay(Craigavon Area Hospital), Rebecca C. Flanagan(Southport and Formby District General Hospital), Gareth Hughes(Southport and Formby District General Hospital), Scott Latham(Southport and Formby District General Hospital), Emma McKenna(Southport and Formby District General Hospital), Jennifer Anderson(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Robert Hull(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Kat Rhead(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Carina Cruz(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Natalie Pattison(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Rob Charnock(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Denise McFarland(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Denise Cosgrove(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Ashar Ahmed(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Anna Morris(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Srinivas Jakkula(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Arvind Nune(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Asifa Ali(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Megan Brady(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Sam Dale(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Annalisa Dance(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Lisa Gledhill(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Jill Greig(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Kathryn Hanson(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Kelly Holdroyd(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Marie Home(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Diane Kelly(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Ross Kitson(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Lear Matapure(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), D. Salas y Mélia(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Samantha Mellor(Huddersfield Royal Infirmary), Tonicha Nortcliffe(Prince Charles Hospital), Jez Pinnell(Prince Charles Hospital), Matthew K. Robinson(Prince Charles Hospital), Lisa Shaw(Prince Charles Hospital), Ryan Shaw(Prince Charles Hospital), Lesley Thomis(Prince Charles Hospital), Alison Wilson(Prince Charles Hospital), Tracy Wood(Royal Bournemouth Hospital), Lee-Ann Bayo(Royal Bournemouth Hospital), Ekta Merwaha(Royal Bournemouth Hospital), Tahira Ishaq(Royal Bournemouth Hospital), Sarah Hanley(Royal Preston Hospital), Bethan Deacon(Royal Preston Hospital), Meg Hibbert(Royal Preston Hospital), Carla Pothecary(Whittington Hospital), Dariusz Tetla(Whittington Hospital), Christopher Woodford(Whittington Hospital), Latha Durga(Whittington Hospital), Gareth Kennard-Holden(Whittington Hospital), Debbie Branney(Whittington Hospital), Jordan Frankham(Whittington Hospital), Sally Pitts(Whittington Hospital), Nigel White(Whittington Hospital), Shondipon Laha(Whittington Hospital), Mark Verlander(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Alexandra Williams(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Abdelhakim Altabaibeh(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Ana Alvaro(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Kayleigh Gilbert(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Louise Ma(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Loreta Mostoles(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Chetan Parmar(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Kathryn Simpson(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Champa Jetha(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Lauren Booker(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Anezka Pratley(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Colene Adams(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Anita Agasou(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Tracie Arden(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Amy Bowes(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Pauline Boyle(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Mandy Beekes(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Heather Button(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Nigel Capps(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Mandy Carnahan(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Anne Carter(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Danielle Childs(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Denise Donaldson(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Kelly Hard(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), F Hurford(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Yasmin Hussain(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Ayesha Javaid(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), James Jones(Royal Shrewsbury Hospital), Sanal Jose(Princess Royal Hospital), Michael Leigh(Princess Royal Hospital), Terry Martin(Princess Royal Hospital), Helen Millward(Princess Royal Hospital), Nichola Motherwell(Macclesfield District General Hospital), Rachel Rikunenko(Macclesfield District General Hospital), Jo Stickley(Macclesfield District General Hospital), Julie Summers(Macclesfield District General Hospital), Louise Ting(Macclesfield District General Hospital), Helen Tivenan(Macclesfield District General Hospital), Louise Tonks(Macclesfield District General Hospital), Rebecca Wilcox(Macclesfield District General Hospital), Denise Skinner(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Jane Gaylard(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Dee Mullan(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Julie Newman(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Maureen Holland(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Natalie Keenan(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Marc Lyons(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Helen Wassall(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Chris Marsh(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Mervin Mahenthran(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Emma Carter(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Thomas Kong(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Helen Blackman(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Ben Creagh‐Brown(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Sinead Donlon(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Natalia Michalak-Glinska(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Sheila Mtuwa(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Veronika Pristopan(Royal Surrey County Hospital), Armorel Salberg(County Hospital), Eleanor Smith(County Hospital), Sarah Stone(County Hospital), Charles Piercy(County Hospital), Jerik Verula(County Hospital), D Burda(County Hospital), Rugia Montaser(University Hospital of North Tees), Lesley Harden(University Hospital of North Tees), Irving Mayangao(Lincoln County Hospital), Cheryl Marriott(Lincoln County Hospital), Paul Bradley(Lincoln County Hospital), Celia B. Harris(Lincoln County Hospital), Susan M. Anderson(Lincoln County Hospital), Eleanor Andrews(Lincoln County Hospital), Janine Birch(Lincoln County Hospital), Emma Collins(Lincoln County Hospital), Kate Hammerton(Lincoln County Hospital), Ryan O’Leary(Lincoln County Hospital), Michele Clark(Lincoln County Hospital), Sarah Purvis(Royal Cornwall Hospital), Russell Barber(Royal Cornwall Hospital), Claire Hewitt(Royal Cornwall Hospital), Annette Hilldrith(Royal United Hospital), Karen Jackson-Lawrence(Royal United Hospital), Sarah Shepardson(Royal United Hospital), Maryanne Wills(Royal United Hospital), Susan Butler(Royal United Hospital), Silvia Tavares(Royal United Hospital), Amy Cunningham(Royal United Hospital), Julia Hindale(Royal United Hospital), Sarwat Arif(Royal United Hospital), Sarah Bean(Royal Brompton Hospital), Karen Burt(Royal Brompton Hospital), Michael Z. Spivey(Royal Brompton Hospital), Carrie Demetriou(Royal Brompton Hospital), Charlotte Eckbad(Royal Brompton Hospital), Sarah Hierons(Royal Brompton Hospital), Lucy Howie(Royal Brompton Hospital), Sarah Mitchard(Royal Brompton Hospital), Lidia Ramos(Royal Brompton Hospital), Alfredo Serrano-Ruiz(Royal Brompton Hospital), Katie White(Royal Brompton Hospital), F. M. Kelly(University Hospital Crosshouse), Daniele Cristiano(University Hospital Crosshouse), Natalie Dormand(University Hospital Crosshouse), Zohreh Farzad(University Hospital Crosshouse), Mahitha Gummadi(University Hospital Crosshouse), Kamal Liyanage(Basildon Hospital), Brijesh Patel(Basildon Hospital), Sara Salmi(Basildon Hospital), Geraldine Sloane(Basildon Hospital), Vicky Thwaites(Basildon Hospital), Mathew Varghese(Glan Clwyd Hospital), Anelise Catelan Zborowski(Glan Clwyd Hospital), John Allan(Glan Clwyd Hospital), Tim Geary(Glan Clwyd Hospital), J. Graeme Houston(Glan Clwyd Hospital), A.W. Meikle(Glan Clwyd Hospital), Peter C. O’Brien(Glan Clwyd Hospital), Miranda Forsey(Glan Clwyd Hospital), Agilan Kaliappan(Glan Clwyd Hospital), Anne Nicholson(Glan Clwyd Hospital), Joanne Riches(Glan Clwyd Hospital), Mark Vertue(Glan Clwyd Hospital), Elizabeth Allan(Glan Clwyd Hospital), Kate Darlington(Glan Clwyd Hospital), Ffyon Davies(Glan Clwyd Hospital), Jack Easton(Glan Clwyd Hospital), Sumit Kumar(West Middlesex University Hospital), Richard Lean(West Middlesex University Hospital), Daniel Menzies(West Middlesex University Hospital), Richard Pugh(Royal Lancaster Infirmary), Xinyi Qiu(Royal Lancaster Infirmary), Llinos Davies(Royal Lancaster Infirmary), Hannah Williams(Western General Hospital), Jeremy Scanlon(Western General Hospital), Gwyneth Davies(Western General Hospital), Callum Mackay(Western General Hospital), Joanne Lewis(Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Stephanie Rees(Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Metod Oblak(Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Monica Popescu(Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Mini Thankachen(Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust), Royal Lancaster Infirmary team(Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust), Andrew Higham(Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust), Kerry Simpson(Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust), Jayne Craig(Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust), Rosie Baruah(Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust), Sheila Morris(Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust), Susie Ferguson(Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust), Amy Shepherd(Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust), Luke Moore(Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust), Marcela P. Vizcaychipi(Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust), Laura Gomes de Almeida Martins(Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust), Jaime Carungcong(Queen Elizabeth Hospital King's Lynn NHS Foundation Trust), Inthakab Ali Mohamed Ali(Kings Mill Hospital), Karen Beaumont(Harefield Hospital), Mark Blunt(Kings Mill Hospital), Zoe Coton(Kings Mill Hospital), Hollie Curgenven(Kings Mill Hospital), Mohamed Elsaadany(Watford General Hospital), Kay Fernandes(Watford General Hospital), Sameena Mohamed Ally(Wishaw General Hospital), Harini Rangarajan(Wishaw General Hospital), Varun Sarathy(Wishaw General Hospital), Sivarupan Selvanayagam(Wishaw General Hospital), Dave Vedage(Wishaw General Hospital), Matthew White(Wishaw General Hospital), Mandy Gill(Wishaw General Hospital), Paul Paul(Wishaw General Hospital), Valli Ratnam(Wishaw General Hospital), Sarah Shelton(Forth Valley Royal Hospital), Inez Wynter(Forth Valley Royal Hospital), Siobhain Carmody(Forth Valley Royal Hospital), Valérie Page(Forth Valley Royal Hospital), Claire Beith(Forth Valley Royal Hospital), Karen Black(Forth Valley Royal Hospital), Suzanne Clements(Forth Valley Royal Hospital), Alan Morrison(Forth Valley Royal Hospital), Dominic Strachan(Forth Valley Royal Hospital), Margaret Taylor(Forth Valley Royal Hospital), Michelle Clarkson(Forth Valley Royal Hospital), Stuart D’Sylva(Forth Valley Royal Hospital), K. Norman(Forth Valley Royal Hospital), F. C. Auld(George Eliot Hospital NHS Trust), Joanne Donnachie(George Eliot Hospital NHS Trust), Ian Edmond(George Eliot Hospital NHS Trust), Lynn Prentice(Barnsley Hospital), Nikole Runciman(Barnsley Hospital), Dario Salutous(Barnsley Hospital), Lesley Symon(Barnsley Hospital), Anne Todd(Barnsley Hospital), Patricia Turner(Barnsley Hospital), Abigail Short(Barnsley Hospital), Laura Sweeney(Barnsley Hospital), Euan Murdoch(Barnsley Hospital), Dhaneesha Senaratne(Barnsley Hospital), Michaela Hill(Barnsley Hospital), Thogulava Kannan(Barnsley Hospital), Laura Wild(Great Western Hospital), Rikki Crawley(Great Western Hospital), Abigail Crew(Great Western Hospital), Mishell Cunningham(Great Western Hospital), Allison Daniels(Harefield Hospital), Laura Harrison(Harefield Hospital), Susan Hope(Harefield Hospital), Ken Inweregbu(Harefield Hospital), Siân Jones(Harefield Hospital), Nicola Lancaster(Harefield Hospital), Jamie Matthews(Harefield Hospital), Alice Nicholson(Harefield Hospital), Gemma Wray(Harefield Hospital), Helen Langton(Harefield Hospital), Rachel Prout(Harefield Hospital), Malcolm Watters(Harefield Hospital), Catherine Novis(Harefield Hospital), Anthony Barron(Harefield Hospital), Ciara Collins(Rotherham General Hospital), Sundeep Kaul(Rotherham General Hospital), Heather Passmore(Rotherham General Hospital), Claire Prendergast(Rotherham General Hospital), Anna Reed(Rotherham General Hospital), Paula Rogers(Ysbyty Gwynedd Hospital NHS Trust), Rajvinder Shokkar(Ysbyty Gwynedd Hospital NHS Trust), Meriel Woodruff(Ysbyty Gwynedd Hospital NHS Trust), Hayley Middleton(Ysbyty Gwynedd Hospital NHS Trust), Oliver Polgar(Diana Princess of Wales Hospital), Claire M. Nolan(Diana Princess of Wales Hospital), Vicky Thwaites(Diana Princess of Wales Hospital), Kanta Mahay(Diana Princess of Wales Hospital), Dawn Collier(Diana Princess of Wales Hospital), Anil Hormis(Diana Princess of Wales Hospital), Victoria Maynard(Diana Princess of Wales Hospital), Cheryl Graham(Diana Princess of Wales Hospital), Rachel Walker(Russells Hall Hospital), Ysbyty Gwynedd team(Russells Hall Hospital), Ellen Knights(Russells Hall Hospital), Alicia Price(Russells Hall Hospital), Alice Thomas(Russells Hall Hospital), Chris Thorpe(Russells Hall Hospital), Teresa Behan(Russells Hall Hospital), Caroline Burnett(Russells Hall Hospital), Jonathan Hatton(Cumberland Infirmary), Elaine Heeney(St Mary's Hospital), Atideb Mitra(St Mary's Hospital), Maria Newton(St Mary's Hospital), Rachel E. Pollard(St Mary's Hospital), Rachael Stead(University Hospital Lewisham), Vishal Amin(University Hospital Lewisham), Elena Anastasescu(University Hospital Lewisham), Vikram Anumakonda(Colchester Hospital), Komala Karthik(Colchester Hospital), Rizwana Kausar(Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital), Karen Reid(Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital), Jacqueline Smith(Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital), Janet Imeson-Wood(Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital), Alison Brown(Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital), Vikki Crickmore(Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital), Gabor Debreceni(Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital), Joy Wilkins(Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital), Liz Nicol(Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital), Waqas Khaliq(Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital), Rosie Reece-Anthony(Royal Albert Edward Infirmary), Mark Birt(Royal Albert Edward Infirmary), Alison Ghosh(Royal Albert Edward Infirmary), Emma Williams(Royal Albert Edward Infirmary), Louise Allen(Royal Albert Edward Infirmary), Eva Beranová(Victoria Hospital), Nikki Crisp(Victoria Hospital), Joanne Deery(Victoria Hospital), Tracy Hazelton(Victoria Hospital), Alicia Knight(Conquest Hospital), Carly Price(Conquest Hospital), Sorrell Tilbey(Cumberland Infirmary), Salah Turki(Cumberland Infirmary), Sharon Turney(Cumberland Infirmary), Royal Albert Edward Infirmary team(Cumberland Infirmary), Joshua Cooper(Cumberland Infirmary), Cheryl Finch(New Cross Hospital), Sarah Liderth(New Cross Hospital), Alison Quinn(New Cross Hospital), Natalia Waddington(New Cross Hospital), Tina Coventry(New Cross Hospital), Susan A. Fowler(Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust), Michael MacMahon(Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust), Amanda McGregor(Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust), Anne Cowley(Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust), Judith Highgate(Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust), Cumberland Infirmary team(Salisbury District Hospital), Alison Brown(Salisbury District Hospital), Jane Gregory(Salisbury District Hospital), Susan O’Çonnell(Dorset County Hospital), Timothy F. Smith(Dorset County Hospital), Luigi Barberis(Dorset County Hospital), Shameer Gopal(Dorset County Hospital), Nichola Harris(Dorset County Hospital), Victoria Lake(Dorset County Hospital), Stella Metherell(Dorset County Hospital), Elizabeth J. Radford(University College Dublin), Amelia Daniel(University College Dublin), Joanne Finn(University College Dublin), Rajnish Saha(University College Dublin), Nikki White(Glangwili General Hospital), Amy Easthope(Glangwili General Hospital), Phil Donnison(Glangwili General Hospital), Fiona Trim(Glangwili General Hospital), Beena Eapen(Glangwili General Hospital), Jenny Birch(Gloucestershire Royal Hospital), Laura Bough(Gloucestershire Royal Hospital), Josie Goodsell(Gloucestershire Royal Hospital), Rebecca Tutton(Gloucestershire Royal Hospital), Patricia Williams(Yeovil District Hospital), Sarah Williams(Yeovil District Hospital), Barbara Winter-Goodwin(Yeovil District Hospital), Ailstair Nichol(University College Dublin), Kathy Brickell(Yeovil District Hospital), Michelle Smyth(Yeovil District Hospital), Lorna Murphy(Western General Hospital), Samantha Coetzee(Yeovil District Hospital), Alistair Gales(Leicester Royal Infirmary), Igor Otahal(Leicester Royal Infirmary), Meena Raj(Leicester Royal Infirmary), Craig Sell(Leicester Royal Infirmary), Paula Hilltout(Royal Manchester Children's Hospital), Jayne Evitts(Royal Manchester Children's Hospital), Amanda Tyler(Royal Manchester Children's Hospital), Joanne Waldron(Royal Manchester Children's Hospital), Kate Beesley(Royal Manchester Children's Hospital), Sarah Board(University of Ulster), Agnieszka Kubisz-Pudelko(University of Ulster), Alison Lewis(University of Ulster), Jess Perry(University of Ulster), Lucy Pippard(University of Ulster), Di Wood(University of Ulster), Clare Buckley(Wrexham Maelor Hospital), Leicester Royal Infirmary team(Wrexham Maelor Hospital), Peter Barry(Wrexham Maelor Hospital), Neil Flint(Wrexham Maelor Hospital), Patel Rekha(Wrexham Maelor Hospital), Dawn Hales(Wrexham Maelor Hospital), Lara Bunni(Walsall Manor Hospital), Claire Jennings(Walsall Manor Hospital), Monica Latif(Walsall Manor Hospital), Rebecca Marshall(Walsall Manor Hospital), Gayathri Subramanian(Walsall Manor Hospital), Peter J. McGuigan(Walsall Manor Hospital), Christopher W. Wasson(Walsall Manor Hospital), Stephanie Finn(Walsall Manor Hospital), Jackie Green(Darent Valley Hospital), Erin Collins(Darent Valley Hospital), Bernadette King(Darent Valley Hospital), Andy Campbell(Darent Valley Hospital), Sara Smuts(Darent Valley Hospital), Joseph Duffield(Darent Valley Hospital), Oliver Smith(Darent Valley Hospital), Lewis Mallon(Darent Valley Hospital), Claire Watkins(Darent Valley Hospital), Liam Botfield(Darent Valley Hospital), Joanna Butler(Darent Valley Hospital), Catherine Dexter(Darent Valley Hospital), Jo Fletcher(Darent Valley Hospital), Atul Garg(Darent Valley Hospital), Aditya Kuravi(Darent Valley Hospital), Poonam Ranga(Darent Valley Hospital), Emma Virgilio(Darent Valley Hospital), Zakaula Belagodu(Darent Valley Hospital), Bridget Fuller(Darent Valley Hospital), Anca Gherman(Darent Valley Hospital), Olumide Olufuwa(Warrington Hospital), Remi Paramsothy(Warrington Hospital), Carmel Stuart(Warrington Hospital), Naomi Oakley(Warrington Hospital), Charlotte Kamundi(Warrington Hospital), David Tyl(Warrington Hospital), Katy Collins(Warrington Hospital), Pedro Silva(Warwick Hospital), June S. Taylor(Warwick Hospital), Laura King(University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust), Charlotte Coates(University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust), Maria Crowley(Monklands Hospital), Phillipa Wakefield(Monklands Hospital), Jane Beadle(Monklands Hospital), Laura Johnson(Princess of Wales Hospital), Janet Sargeant(Princess of Wales Hospital), Madeleine Anderson(Princess of Wales Hospital), Ailbhe Brady(Northwick Park Hospital), Rebekah Chan(Northwick Park Hospital), Jeff Little(Ealing Hospital), Shane McIvor(Northwick Park Hospital), Helena Prady(Northwick Park Hospital), Helen Whittle(Raigmore Hospital), Bijoy Mathew(Raigmore Hospital), Ben Attwood(Raigmore Hospital), Penny Parsons(Raigmore Hospital), Geraldine Ward(Raigmore Hospital), Pamela Bremmer(Raigmore Hospital), West Joe(Raigmore Hospital), B. L. Tracy(Raigmore Hospital), Ruddy Jim(Raigmore Hospital), Ellie Davies(Raigmore Hospital), L Roche(The Royal Free Hospital), Sonia Sathe(The Royal Free Hospital), Catherine Dennis(The Royal Free Hospital), Alastair McGregor(The Royal Free Hospital), Victoria Parris(The Royal Free Hospital), Sinduya Srikaran(The Royal Free Hospital), Anisha Sukha(The Royal Free Hospital), Rachael Campbell(Scunthorpe General Hospital), Noreen Clarke(Scunthorpe General Hospital), Jonathan Whiteside(Scunthorpe General Hospital), Mairi Mascarenhas(Scunthorpe General Hospital), Avril Donaldson(Scunthorpe General Hospital), Joanna Matheson(Scunthorpe General Hospital), Fiona Barrett(West Cumberland Hospital), Marianne O’Hara(West Cumberland Hospital), Laura Okeefe(West Cumberland Hospital), Clare Bradley(West Cumberland Hospital), Christine Eastgate-Jackson(West Cumberland Hospital), Helder Filipe(West Cumberland Hospital), Daniel Martín(West Cumberland Hospital), Amitaa Maharajh(Airedale General Hospital), Sara Mingo Garcia(Airedale General Hospital), Glykeria Pakou(Airedale General Hospital), Mark De Neef(Airedale General Hospital), Kathy Dent(Airedale General Hospital), Elizabeth Horsley(Airedale General Hospital), Muhammad Nauman Akhtar(Airedale General Hospital), Sandra Pearson(Birmingham Children's Hospital), Dorota Potoczna(Birmingham Children's Hospital), Sue Spencer(Birmingham Children's Hospital), Melanie Clapham(University of Liverpool), Rosemary Harper(University of Liverpool), Una Poultney(University of Liverpool), Polly Rice(Pilgrim Hospital), Timothy F. Smith(Pilgrim Hospital), Rachel Mutch(Pilgrim Hospital), Luigi Barberis(Prince Philip Hospital), Lisa Armstrong(Prince Philip Hospital), Hayley Bates(Prince Philip Hospital), Emma Dooks(Prince Philip Hospital), Fiona Farquhar(Prince Philip Hospital), Brigid Hairsine(Prince Philip Hospital), Chantal McParland(Prince Philip Hospital), Sophie Packham(Furness General Hospital), Rehana Bi(Furness General Hospital), Barney Scholefield(Scarborough General Hospital), Lydia Ashton(Scarborough General Hospital), Linsha George(Scarborough General Hospital), Sophie Twiss(Scarborough General Hospital), David J. Wright(Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Manish Chablani(Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Amy Kirkby(Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Kimberley Netherton(Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Kim Davies(University of Liverpool), Linda O’Brien(University of Liverpool), Zohra Omar(University of Liverpool), Igor Otahal(University of Liverpool), Emma Perkins(University of Liverpool), Tracy R. Lewis(University of Liverpool), Isobel Sutherland(University of Liverpool), Karen E. A. Burns(University of Liverpool), Andrew Higham(University of Liverpool), Ben Chandler(University of Liverpool), Kerry Elliott(Centre for Human Genetics), Janine Mallinson(Torbay Hospital), Alison E. Turnbull(Torbay Hospital), Prisca Gondo(Torbay Hospital), Bernard Hadebe(Borders General Hospital), Abdul Kayani(Borders General Hospital), Bridgett Masunda(Borders General Hospital), Taya Anderson(Borders General Hospital), Daniel B. Hawcutt(Kent and Canterbury Hospital), Laura O’Malley(Kent and Canterbury Hospital), Laura Rad(Kent and Canterbury Hospital), Naomi Rogers(West Suffolk Hospital), Paula Saunderson(West Suffolk Hospital), Kathryn Allison(James Paget University Hospital), Deborah Afolabi(James Paget University Hospital), Jennifer Whitbread(James Paget University Hospital), Dawn Jones(James Paget University Hospital), Rachael Dore(The Christie NHS Foundation Trust), Matthew Halkes(The Christie NHS Foundation Trust), Pauline Mercer(The Christie NHS Foundation Trust), Lorraine Thornton(The Christie NHS Foundation Trust), Joy Dawson(The Christie NHS Foundation Trust), Sweyn Garrioch(The Christie NHS Foundation Trust), Melanie Tolson(The Christie NHS Foundation Trust), Jonathan Aldridge(The Christie NHS Foundation Trust), Ritoo Kapoor(The Christie NHS Foundation Trust), David Loader(The Christie NHS Foundation Trust), Karen J. Castle(Royal Marsden Hospital), Sally Humphreys(Royal Marsden Hospital), Ruth Tampsett(Royal Marsden Hospital), Katherine Mackintosh(Royal Marsden Hospital), Amanda Ayers(Royal Marsden Hospital), Dean Harris(Royal Marsden Hospital), Julie North(Royal Marsden Hospital), Suzanne Allibone(Royal Marsden Hospital), Roman Genetu(Hairmyres Hospital), Vidya Kasipandian(Hairmyres Hospital), Amit R. Patel(Hairmyres Hospital), Ainhi Mac(Hairmyres Hospital), Anthony Murphy(Hairmyres Hospital), Parisa Mahjoob(Hairmyres Hospital), Roonak Nazari(Hairmyres Hospital), Lucy Worsley(Withybush General Hospital), Andrew Fagan(Withybush General Hospital), Thomas Bemand(Withybush General Hospital), Ethel Black(Withybush General Hospital), Arnold Dela Rosa(Withybush General Hospital), Ryan Howle(Withybush General Hospital), Shaman Jhanji(Withybush General Hospital), Ravishankar Rao Baikady(Withybush General Hospital), Kate Tatham(Ealing Hospital), Benjamin Thomas(Ealing Hospital), Dina Bell(Ealing Hospital), Rosalind Boyle(North Devon District Hospital), Katie M. Douglas(North Devon District Hospital), Lynn Glass(North Devon District Hospital), Emma Lee(North Devon District Hospital), Liz Lennon(North Devon District Hospital), Austin Rattray(North Devon District Hospital), Abigail Taylor(North Devon District Hospital), Rachel Anne Hughes(North Devon District Hospital), Helen Thomas(North Devon District Hospital), A.R. Rees(North Devon District Hospital), Michaela Dušková(North Devon District Hospital), Janet Phipps(North Devon District Hospital), Suzanne Brooks(North Devon District Hospital), Michelle Edwards(St John's Hospital), Victoria Parris(St John's Hospital), Sheena Quaid(St John's Hospital), Ekaterina Watson(St John's Hospital), Adam Brayne(St John's Hospital), Emma Fisher(St John's Hospital), Jane Hunt(Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust), Peter K. Jackson(Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust), Duncan Kaye(Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust), Nicholas Love(Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust), Juliet Parkin(Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust), Victoria Tuckey(Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust), Lynne van Koutrik(Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust), Sasha Carter(Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust), Benedict Andrew(National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery), L. Findlay(National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery), Katie Adams(National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery), Jen Service(National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery), Alison S. Williams(National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery), Claire Cheyne(National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery), Anne Saunderson(National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery), Sam Moultrie(Bronglais General Hospital), Miranda Odam(Bronglais General Hospital), Kathryn Hall(Bronglais General Hospital), Isheunesu Mapfunde(Bronglais General Hospital), Charlotte Willis(Bronglais General Hospital), Alex Lyon(Golden Jubilee National Hospital), Chunda Sri-Chandana(Golden Jubilee National Hospital), Joslan Scherewode(Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Lorraine Stephenson(Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Sarah Marsh(Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), David Brealey(Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), John Hardy(Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust), Henry Houlden(Royal Hospital for Children), Eleanor Moncur(Sheffield Children's Hospital), Eamon Raith(Sheffield Children's Hospital), Ambreen Tariq(Sheffield Children's Hospital), Arianna Tucci(Sheffield Children's Hospital), Maria Hobrok(Sheffield Children's Hospital), Ronda Loosley(Sheffield Children's Hospital), Heather McGuinness(Sheffield Children's Hospital), Helen Tench(Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital), Rebecca Wolf-Roberts(Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital), Val Irvine(Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital), Ben Shelley(23andMe (United States)), Amy Easthope(23andMe (United States)), Claire Gorman(23andMe (United States)), Abhinav Gupta(23andMe (United States)), Elizabeth Timlick(23andMe (United States)), Rebecca Brady(23andMe (United States)), Barry Milligan(23andMe (United States)), Arianna Bellini(Age UK), Jade Bryant(23andMe (United States)), Anton Mayer(23andMe (United States)), Amy Pickard(Yale University), Nicholas Roe(University of Helsinki), Jason Sowter(Broad Institute), Alex Howlett(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Katy Fidler(Broad Institute), Emma Tagliavini(University of Helsinki), Kevin Donnelly(Yale University), 23andMe investigators(University of Helsinki), Janie F. Shelton(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Anjali J. Shastri(Broad Institute), Chelsea Ye(University of Michigan), Catherine H. Weldon(Broad Institute), Teresa Filshtein-Sonmez(Broad Institute), Daniella Coker(Broad Institute), Antony Symons(Medical University of Białystok), Jorge Esparza-Gordillo(Broad Institute), Stella Aslibekyan(Broad Institute), Adam Auton(Western General Hospital), COVID-19 Human Genetics Initiative(Western General Hospital), Gita A. Pathak(Western General Hospital), Juha Karjalainen(The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston), Christine Stevens(Western General Hospital), Shea J. Andrews(University of Pennsylvania), Masahiro Kanai(Vanderbilt University Medical Center), Mattia Cordioli(Children's Hospital of Philadelphia), Renato Polimanti(Vanderbilt University Medical Center), Matti Pirinen(Vanderbilt University Medical Center), Nadia V. Harerimana(Vanderbilt University Medical Center), Kumar Veerapen(Vanderbilt University Medical Center), Brooke N. Wolford(University of Pennsylvania), Huy Nguyen(Western General Hospital), Matthew Solomonson(Vanderbilt University Medical Center), Rachel G. Liao(University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill), Karolina Chwiałkowska(The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston), Amy Trankiem(Western General Hospital), Mary K. Balaconis(Western General Hospital), Caroline Hayward(Roslin Institute), Anne Richmond(Roslin Institute), Archie Campbell(Western General Hospital), Marcela Morris(University of Helsinki), Chloe Fawns‐Ritchie(Massachusetts General Hospital), Joseph Glessner(Clinique de Genolier), Douglas M. Shaw(Mansoura University), Xiao Chang(Tanta University), Hannah Polikowski(Mansoura University), Lauren E. Petty(Mansoura University), Hung‐Hsin Chen(Tanta University), Wanying Zhu(Tanta University), Hakon Hakonarson(Tanta University), David J. Porteous(Mansoura University), Jennifer E. Below(Nottingham Trent University), K.E. North(Mansoura University), Joseph B. McCormick(Tanta University), Paul R. H. J. Timmers(Nottingham Trent University), James F. Wilson(Tanta University), Albert Tenesa(Roslin Institute), Kenton D’Mellow(Mansoura University), Shona M. Kerr(Mansoura University), Mari Niemi, Lindokuhle Nkambul(Tanta University), Kathrin Aprile von Hohenstaufen(Tanta University), Ali Sobh(Tanta University), Madonna M. Eltoukhy(University of Leicester), Amr M. Yassen(University of Leicester), M. Hegazy(University of Leicester), Kamal Okasha(University of Leicester), Mohammed Eid(NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre), Hanteera S. Moahmed(University of Leicester), Doaa Shahin(University of Leicester), Yasser M. El‐Sherbiny(University of Leicester), Tamer Elhadidy(University of Leicester), Mohamed S. Abd Elghafar(University of Leicester), Jehan J. El‐Jawhari(University of Leicester), Attia A. S. Mohamed(University of Leicester), Marwa H. Elnagdy(University of Leicester), Amr Samir(University of Leicester), Mahmoud Abdel-Aziz(University of Leicester), Walid T. Khafaga(University of Leicester), Walaa M. El-Lawaty(Shariati Hospital), Mohamed Torky(Shariati Hospital), Mohamed El‐Shanshory(Shariati Hospital), Chiara Batini(Kowsar Hospital), Paul H. Lee(Shariati Hospital), Nick Shrine(Shariati Hospital), Alexander T. Williams(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Martin D. Tobin(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Anna L. Guyatt, Catherine John(National Iranian Oil Company (Iran)), Richard Packer(Shariati Hospital), Altaf Ali(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Robert C. Free(Islamic Azad University Medical Branch of Tehran), Xueyang Wang(Chulalongkorn University), Louise V. Wain(Srinakharinwirot University), Edward J. Hollox(Chulalongkorn University), Laura D. Venn(Thai Red Cross Society), Catherine Bee(Chulalongkorn University), Emma L. Adams(Chulalongkorn University), Ahmadreza Niavarani(Thai Red Cross Society), Bahareh Sharififard(King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital), Rasoul Aliannejad(King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital), Ali Amirsavadkouhi(King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital), Zeinab Naderpour(Chulalongkorn University), Hengameh Ansari Tadi(Chulalongkorn University), Afshar Etemadi-Aleagha(Chulalongkorn University), Saeideh Ahmadi(Chulalongkorn University), Seyed Behrooz Mohseni Moghaddam(Chulalongkorn University), Alireza Adamsara(Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Morteza Saeedi(Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Hamed Abdollahi(Michigan Medicine), Abdolmajid Hosseini(Broad Institute), Pajaree Chariyavilaskul(Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Monpat Chamnanphon(Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Thitima B. Suttichet(Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Vorasuk Shotelersuk(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Monnat Pongpanich(King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences), Chureerat Phokaew(King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre), Wanna Chetruengchai(King Saud University), Watsamon Jantarabenjakul(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Opass Putchareon(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Pattama Torvorapanit(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Thanyawee Puthanakit(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Pintip Suchartlikitwong(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Nattiya Hirankarn(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Voraphoj Nilaratanakul(University of Southern California), Pimpayao Sodsai(Taibah University), Ben Brumpton(King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences), Kristian Hveem(King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences), Cristen J. Willer(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Wei Zhou(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Tormod Rogne(King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences), Erik Solligård(King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences), Bjørn Olav Åsvold(Ministry of Health), Malak Abedalthagafi(Ministry of Health), Manal Alaamery(Ministry of Health), Saleh A. Alqahtani(Ministry of Health), Duna Barakeh(Ministry of Health), Fawz Al Harthi(Taibah University), Ebtehal Alsolm(King Saud University), Leen Abu Safieh, Albandary M. Alowayn(King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences), Fatimah Alqubaishi(King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences), Amal Al Mutairi(King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences), Serghei Mangul(Security Forces Hospital), Abdulraheem Alshareef(King Saud University), Mona Sawaji(King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences), Mansour Almutairi(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Nora Aljawini(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Nour Albesher(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Yaseen M. Arabi(King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences), Ebrahim Mahmoud(King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences), Amin Khattab(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Roaa T. Halawani(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Ziab Z. Alahmadey(King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences), Jehad K. Albakri(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Walaa A. Felemban(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Bandar A. Suliman(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Rana Hasanato(King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences), Laila Alawdah(University of Southern California), Jahad Alghamdi(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Deema AlZahrani(Norwegian Institute of Public Health), Sameera Aljohani(Norwegian Institute of Public Health), Hani Al-Afghani(Norwegian Institute of Public Health), May Alrashed(Norwegian Institute of Public Health), Nouf AlDhawi(Norwegian Institute of Public Health), Hadeel AlBardis(King's College London), Sarah Alkwai(King's College London), Moneera Alswailm(King's College London), Faisal A. Almalki, Maha Albeladi, Iman Almohammed, Eman Barhoush, Anoud Albader, Salam Massadeh(Hospital de Sant Pau), Abdulaziz Almalik(Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia), Sara Jeza Alotaibi(Hospital de Sant Pau), Bader Alghamdi(Hospital de Sant Pau), Junghyun Jung(Hospital de Sant Pau), Mohammad Fawzy(Hospital de Sant Pau), Yunsung Lee(Centro Nacional de Biotecnología), Per Magnus(Instituto de Física de Cantabria), Lill-Iren S. Trogstad(Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona), Øyvind Helgeland(Hospital Clínic de Barcelona), Jennifer R. Harris(Hospital Clínic de Barcelona), Massimo Mangino(Hospital Clínic de Barcelona), Tim D. Spector(Hospital Clínic de Barcelona), Emma L. Duncan(Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer), Sandra Smieszek(Hospital Clínic de Barcelona), Bartlomiej Przychodzen(Hospital Clínic de Barcelona), Christos Polymeropoulos(Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer), Vasilios M. Polymeropoulos(Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona), Mihael H. Polymeropoulos(Gobierno del Principado de Asturias), Israel Fernández‐Cadenas(Gobierno del Principado de Asturias), Jordi Pérez‐Tur(Gobierno del Principado de Asturias), Laia Llucià‐Carol(Gobierno del Principado de Asturias), Natàlia Cullell(University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa), Elena Muiño(University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa), Jara Cárcel‐Márquez(University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa), Marta L. DeDiego(University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa), L. Lloret Iglesias, Anna M. Planas, Àlex Soriano, Verónica Rico, Daiana Agüero(Universidad de Valladolid), Josep Lluís Bedini(Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid), Francisco Lozano(Universidad de Valladolid), Carlos Domingo(Universidad de Valladolid), Verónica Robles(Universidad de Valladolid), Francisca Ruíz-Jaén(Hospital General Universitario de Albacete), Leonardo Márquez(Hospital General Universitario de Albacete), Juan Manuel López Gómez(Hospital General Universitario de Albacete), Eliécer Coto(Hospital de Sant Pau), Guillermo M. Albaiceta(Hospital de Sant Pau), Marta García‐Clemente(Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria), David Dalmau(Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria), María J. Arranz(Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria), Beatriz Dietl(Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla), Alex Serra-Llovich(Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla), Pere Soler(Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla), Roger Colobrán(Brigham and Women's Hospital), Andrea Martín-Nalda(Brigham and Women's Hospital), Alba Parra-Martínez(Brigham and Women's Hospital), David Bernardo(Brigham and Women's Hospital), Silvia Rojo(Brigham and Women's Hospital), Aida Fiz‐López(Brigham and Women's Hospital), Elisa Arribas‐Rodríguez(University of Pennsylvania), Paloma Cal‐Sabater(University of Pennsylvania), Tomás Segura(Erasmus MC), Esther González-Villa(Erasmus MC), Gemma Serrano‐Heras(Erasmus MC), Joan Martí‐Fábregas(Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare), Elena Jiménez‐Xarrié(Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare), Alicia de Felipe Mimbrera(Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare), Jaime Masjuán(University of Helsinki), Sebastián García‐Madrona(University of Helsinki), Anna Domínguez-Mayoral(University of Helsinki), Joan Montaner Villalonga(University of Helsinki), Paloma Menéndez-Valladares(University of Helsinki), Daniel I. Chasman(University of Helsinki), Julie E. Buring(McGill University), Paul M. Ridker(McGill University), Franco Giulianini(McGill University), Howard D. Sesso(McGill University), JoAnn E. Manson(McGill University), Joseph R. Glessner(McGill University), Hakon Hakonarson(McGill University), Carolina Medina‐Gómez(McGill University), André G. Uitterlinden(McGill University), M. Arfan Ikram(McGill University), Kati Kristiansson(McGill University), Sami Koskelainen(McGill University), Markus Perola(McGill University), Kati Donner(McGill University), Katja Kivinen(McGill University), Aarno Palotie(McGill University), Samuli Ripatti(McGill University), Sanni Ruotsalainen(McGill University), Mari Kaunisto(McGill University), Tomoko Nakanishi(McGill University), Guillaume Butler‐Laporte(McGill University), Vincenzo Forgetta(McGill University), David Morrison(McGill University), Biswarup Ghosh(McGill University), Lætitia Laurent(McGill University), Alexandre Bélisle(McGill University), Danielle Henry(McGill University), Tala Abdullah(McGill University), Olumide Adeleye(McGill University), Noor Mamlouk(McGill University), Nofar Kimchi(McGill University), Zaman Afrasiabi(McGill University), Nardin Rezk(McGill University), Branka Vulesevic(McGill University), Meriem Bouab(McGill University), Charlotte Guzman(McGill University), Louis Petitjean(McGill University), Chris Tselios(University of Liège), Xiaoqing Xue(University of Liège), Erwin Schurr(Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège), Jonathan Afilalo(University of Liège), Marc Afilalo(University of Liège), Maureen Oliveira(University of Liège), Bluma Brenner(Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège), Pierre Lepage(University of Liège), Jiannis Ragoussis, Daniel Auld, Nathalie Brassard(Centre Hospitalier Chrétien), Madéleine Durand(Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège), Michaël Chassé(Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège), Daniel E. Kaufmann(Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège), G.M. Lathrop(Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège), Vincent Mooser(Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège), J. Brent Richards(Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège), Rui Li(Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège), Darin Adra(Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège), Souad Rahmouni(Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège), Michel Georges(Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège), Michel Moutschen(University of Liège), Benoît Misset(Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège), Gilles Darcis(University of Helsinki), Julien Guiot(Massachusetts General Hospital), Julien Guntz(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus), Samira Azarzar(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus), Stéphanie Gofflot(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus), Y Beguin(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus), Sabine Claassen(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus), Olivier Malaise(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus), Pascale Huynen(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus), Christelle Meuris(University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus), Marie Thys(University of Tartu), Jessica Jacques(University of Tartu), Philippe Léonard(University of Tartu), Frédéric Frippiat(University of Tartu), Jean‐Baptiste Giot(University of Tartu), Anne-Sophie Sauvage(University of Tartu), Christian Von Frenckell(University of Tartu), Yasmine Belhaj(University of Tartu), Bernard Lambermont(University of Tartu), Sara Pigazzini(University of Tartu), Lindokuhle Nkambule(University of Tartu), Michelle Daya(University of Tartu), Jonathan Shortt, Nicholas Rafaels, Stephen J. Wicks(University of Tartu), Kristy Crooks(University of Tartu), Kathleen C. Barnes(East Tallinn Central Hospital), Christopher R. Gignoux(East Tallinn Central Hospital), Sameer Chavan(East Tallinn Central Hospital), Triin Laisk(Tartu University Hospital), Kristi Läll(Estonian E Health Foundation), Maarja Lepamets(Tartu University Hospital), Reedik Mägi(Tartu University Hospital), Tõnu Esko(University of Lausanne), Ene Reimann(Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel), Lili Milani(University of Lausanne), Helene Alavere(Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel), Kristjan Metsalu(Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel), Mairo Puusepp(University of Lausanne), Andres Metspalu(University of Lausanne), Paul Naaber(Kantonsspital St. Gallen), Edward Laane(University of Geneva), Jaana Pesukova(University Hospital of Geneva), Pärt Peterson(Fribourg Development Agency), Kai Kisand(Hôpital du Valais), Jekaterina Tabri(Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol), Raili Allos(Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol), Kati Hensen(Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol), Joel Starkopf(Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol), Inge Ringmets(Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol), Anu Tamm(Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol), Anne Kallaste(Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol), Pierre–Yves Bochud(Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge), Carlo Rivolta(Massachusetts General Hospital), Stéphanie Bibert(Barcelona Supercomputing Center), Mathieu Quinodoz(Barcelona Supercomputing Center), Dhryata Kamdar(Barcelona Institute for Global Health), Noémie Boillat‐Blanco(Barcelona Institute for Global Health), Semira Gonseth(Barcelona Institute for Global Health), Werner C. Albrich(Barcelona Institute for Global Health), Noémie Suh(University of Siena), Dionysios Neofytos(University of Siena), Véronique Erard(University of Siena), Cathy Voide(University of Siena), Rafael de Cid(University of Siena), Iván Galván‐Femenía(University of Siena), Natàlia Blay(University of Siena), Anna Carreras(University of Siena), Beatriz Cortés(University of Siena), Xavier Farré(University of Siena), Lauro Sumoy(University of Siena), Vı́ctor Moreno(Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese), Josep M. Mercader(Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese), Marta Guindo-Martínez(University of Siena), David Torrents(University of Siena), Manolis Kogevinas(University of Siena), Judith García‐Aymerich(Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese), Gemma Castaño‐Vinyals(Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese), Carlota Dobaño(Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese), Alessandra Renieri(University of Siena), Francesca Mari(University of Perugia), Chiara Fallerini(University of Siena), Sergio Daga(University of Siena), Elisa Benetti(University of Siena), Margherita Baldassarri(University of Siena), Francesca Fava(University of Modena and Reggio Emilia), Elisa Frullanti(Policlinico San Matteo Fondazione), Floriana Valentino(Policlinico San Matteo Fondazione), Gabriella Doddato(Milano Metropoli Development Agency), Annarita Giliberti(University of Pavia), Rossella Tita, Sara Amitrano(University of Siena), Mirella Bruttini(University of Siena), Susanna Croci(Policlinico San Matteo Fondazione), Ilaria Meloni(Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico), Maria Antonietta Mencarelli(Policlinico San Matteo Fondazione), Caterina Lo Rizzo(University of Brescia), Anna Maria Pinto(University of Brescia), Giada Beligni(University of Brescia), Andrea Tommasi(University of Brescia), Laura Di Sarno(Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale Maggiore), Maria Palmieri(ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco), Miriam Lucia Carriero(University of Milan), Diana Alaverdian(University of Siena), Stefano Busani(Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani), Raffaele Bruno(Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese), Marco Vecchia(Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese), Mary Ann Belli(University of Siena), Nicola Picchiotti(University of Siena), Maurizio Sanarico(University of Siena), Marco Gori(University of Siena), Simone Furini(University of Siena), Stefania Mantovani(University of Siena), Serena Ludovisi(University of Siena), Mario U. Mondelli(University of Siena), Francesco Castelli(University of Siena), Eugenia Quirós-Roldán(University of Siena), Melania Degli Antoni(University of Siena), Isabella Zanella(University of Siena), Massimo Vaghi(University of Siena), Stefano Rusconi(University of Siena), Matteo Siano(Ospedale San Donato), Francesca Montagnani(Ospedale San Donato), Arianna Emiliozzi(Ospedale San Donato), Massimiliano Fabbiani(Ospedale San Donato), Barbara Rossetti(Ospedale San Donato), Elena Bargagli(Ospedale San Donato), Laura Bergantini(Ospedale Misericordia - Grosseto), Miriana d’Alessandro(Ospedale Misericordia - Grosseto), Paolo Cameli(Ospedale Misericordia - Grosseto), David Bennett(Ospedale Misericordia - Grosseto), Federico Anedda(Azienda Usl Toscana Centro), Simona Marcantonio(Ospedale Misericordia - Grosseto), Sabino Scolletta(Azienda Usl Toscana Centro), Federico Franchi(Azienda Usl Toscana Centro), Maria Antonietta Mazzei(Azienda Usl Toscana Centro), Susanna Guerrini(Azienda Usl 8 Arezzo), Edoardo Conticini(Azienda Usl 8 Arezzo), Luca Cantarini(Azienda Usl 8 Arezzo), Bruno Frediani(Ospedale San Donato), Danilo Tacconi(Ospedale San Donato), Chiara Spertilli(Ospedale San Donato), Marco Feri(University of Milan), Alice Donati(University of Milan), Raffaele Scala(University of Modena and Reggio Emilia), Luca Guidelli(University of Modena and Reggio Emilia), Genni Spargi(University of Modena and Reggio Emilia), Marta Corridi(Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani), Cesira Nencioni(Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani), Leonardo Croci(University of Milan), Maria Bandini(ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco), Gian Piero Caldarelli(University of Perugia), Paolo Piacentini(University of Perugia), Elena Desanctis(University of Perugia), Silvia Cappelli(Ca' Foncello Hospital), Anna Canaccini(Ca' Foncello Hospital), Agnese Verzuri, Valentina Anemoli, Agostino Ognibene, Alessandro Pancrazzi(University of Padua), Maria Lorubbio(University of Padua), Antonella d’Arminio Monforte, Federica Gaia Miraglia, Massimo Girardis(University of Naples Federico II), Sophie Venturelli(University of Naples Federico II), Andrea Cossarizza(University of Naples Federico II), Andrea Antinori(University of Naples Federico II), Alessandra Vergori(Ospedale Monaldi), Arianna Gabrieli(Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza), Agostino Riva(Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza), Daniela Francisci(University of Naples Federico II), Elisabetta Schiaroli(Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza), Francesco Paciosi(Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza), Pier Giorgio Scotton(Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza), Francesca Andretta(Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza), Sandro Panese(Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza), Renzo Scaggiante(University of Genoa), Francesca Gatti(Ospedale Policlinico San Martino), Saverio Giuseppe Parisi(Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic), Stefano Baratti(Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic), Matteo Della Monica(University of Siena), Carmelo Piscopo(University of Siena), Mario Capasso(University of Siena), Roberta Russo(University of Siena), Immacolata Andolfo(Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale della Valtellina e Alto Lario), Achille Iolascon(Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale della Valtellina e Alto Lario), Giuseppe Fiorentino(Azienda Ospedaliera di Valtellina e Valchiavenna), Massimo Carella(CTO Hospital), Marco Castori(CTO Hospital), Giuseppe Merla(CTO Hospital), Gabriella Maria Squeo(Ospedale Misericordia - Grosseto), Filippo Aucella(Istituto Giannina Gaslini), Pamela Raggi(University of Modena and Reggio Emilia), Carmen Marciano(Aziende Socio Sanitarie Territoriale di Crema), Rita Perna(Milano Metropoli Development Agency), Matteo Bassetti(Milano Metropoli Development Agency), Antonio Di Biagio(IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano), Maurizio Sanguinetti, Luca Masucci(Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII), Serafina Valente(Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII), Marco Mandalà(Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII), Alessia Giorli(Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri), Lorenzo Salerni(Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri), Patrizia Zucchi(Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri), Pierpaolo Parravicini(Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri), E. Menatti(Politecnico di Milano), Tullio Trotta(Politecnico di Milano), Ferdinando Giannattasio(Scuola Normale Superiore), Gabriella Coiro(Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria), Fabio Lena(Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria), Domenico Coviello(University of Siena), Cristina Mussini(University of Siena), Enrico Martinelli, Sandro Mancarella(Azienda Usl Toscana Centro), Luisa Tavecchia(IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano), Lia Crotti, Chiara Gabbi(Meyer Children's Hospital), Marco Rizzi, Franco Maggiolo, Diego Ripamonti(Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese), Tiziana Bachetti(Ospedale Misericordia - Grosseto), Maria Teresa La Rovere(University of Siena), Simona Sarzi Braga(Azienda Usl Toscana Centro), Maurizio Bussotti(University of Milan), Stefano Ceri(University of Milan), Pietro Pinoli(University of Milan), Francesco Raimondi(University of Siena), Filippo Biscarini, Alessandra Stella(University of L'Aquila), Kristina Zguro(University of L'Aquila), Katia Capitani(Azienda Sanitaria Locale Viterbo), Claudia Suardi(University of Siena), Simona Dei(Ospedale Santa Maria Annunziata), Gianfranco Parati, Sabrina Ravaglia(IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca), Rosangela Artuso(University of Pisa), Giordano Bottà(Azienda Usl Toscana Centro), Paolo Di Domenico(Meyer Children's Hospital), Ilaria Rancan(Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore), Antonio Perrella(University of Pisa), Francesco Paolo Bianchi(University of Pisa), Davide Romani(University of Siena), Paola Bergomi(Azienda Sanitaria Locale Viterbo), E Catena(University of Siena), Riccardo Colombo(IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca), Marco Tanfoni(Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic), Antonella Vincenti(Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore), Claudio Ferri(University of Michigan), Davide Grassi(University of Michigan), G Pessina(University of Michigan), Mario Tumbarello(University of Michigan), Massimo Di Pietro(University of Michigan), Sabrina Ravaglia(Geisinger Health System), Sauro Luchi(Geisinger Health System), Chiara Barbieri(Geisinger Health System), Donatella Acquilini(Geisinger Health System), Elena Andreucci(Regeneron (United States)), Francesco Vladimiro Segala(Regeneron (United States)), Giusy Tiseo(Geisinger Health System), Marco Falcone(Geisinger Health System), Mirjam Lista(Geisinger Health System), Monica Poscente(Regeneron (United States)), Oreste De Vivo(Regeneron (United States)), Paola Petrocelli(Regeneron (United States)), Alessandra Guarnaccia(Regeneron (United States)), Silvia Baroni(Regeneron (United States)), Albert V. Smith(Queen Mary University of London), Andrew P. Boughton(Queen Mary University of London), Kevin Li(National Health Service), Jonathon LeFaive(Wellcome Sanger Institute), Aubrey Annis(Queen Mary University of London), Anne E. Justice(Geisinger Medical Center), Tooraj Mirshahi(Geisinger Medical Center), Geetha Chittoor(Wellcome Sanger Institute), Navya Shilpa Josyula(National Health Service), Jack A. Kosmicki(King's College London), Manuel A. R. Ferreira(Regeneron (United States)), Joseph B. Leader(University of Cambridge), Dave J. Carey(University of Cambridge), Matthew C. Gass(Wellcome Sanger Institute), Julie E. Horowitz(Regeneron (United States)), Michael Cantor(University Medical Center Groningen), Ashish Yadav(University Medical Center Groningen), Aris Baras(Regeneron (United States)), Gonçalo R. Abecasis(University Medical Center Groningen), David A. van Heel(University Medical Center Groningen), Karen A. Hunt(University Medical Center Groningen), Dan Mason(University Medical Center Groningen), Qin Qin Huang(University Medical Center Groningen), Sarah Finer(University Medical Center Groningen), Bhavi Trivedi(University Medical Center Groningen), Chris Griffiths(University of Michigan), Hilary C. Martin(University of Michigan), John Wright(University of Michigan), Richard C. Trembath(Boston University), Nicole Soranzo(VA Boston Healthcare System), Jing Zhao(Emory University), Adam S. Butterworth(VA Boston Healthcare System), John Danesh(VA Boston Healthcare System), Emanuele Di Angelantonio(VA Boston Healthcare System), Lude Franke(Stanford University), Marike Boezen(VA Boston Healthcare System), Patrick Deelen(Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam), Annique Claringbould(Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam), Esteban Lopera(Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam), Robert Warmerdam(Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam), Judith M. Vonk(Brigham and Women's Hospital), Irene V. van Blokland(Brigham and Women's Hospital), Pauline Lanting(Massachusetts General Hospital), Anil P. S. Ori(Broad Institute), Sebastian Zöllner(Massachusetts General Hospital), Jiongming Wang(Broad Institute), Andrew T. Beck(Massachusetts General Hospital), Gina M. Peloso(Massachusetts General Hospital), Yuk‐Lam Ho(Brigham and Women's Hospital), Yan V. Sun(Massachusetts General Hospital), Jennifer E. Huffman(University of Pennsylvania), Christopher J. O’Donnell(University of Pennsylvania), Kelly Cho(University of Pennsylvania), Philip S. Tsao(Stanford University), J. Michael Gaziano(University of Pennsylvania), Michel G. Nivard(University of Pennsylvania), Eco J. C. de Geus(University of Pennsylvania), Meike Bartels(Karolinska Institutet), Jouke Jan Hottenga(Uppsala University), Scott T. Weiss(Uppsala University), Elizabeth W. Karlson(Uppsala University), Jordan W. Smoller(Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research), Robert C. Green(Karolinska Institutet), Yen‐Chen Anne Feng(Karolinska Institutet), Josep M. Mercader(Karolinska Institutet), Shawn N. Murphy(Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology), James B. Meigs(Massachusetts General Hospital), Ann E. Woolley(Massachusetts General Hospital), Emma Perez(Massachusetts General Hospital), Daniel J. Rader(Massachusetts General Hospital), Anurag Verma(Massachusetts General Hospital), Marylyn D. Ritchie(Massachusetts General Hospital), Binglan Li(George Washington University), Shefali S. Verma(Massachusetts General Hospital), Anastasia Lucas(Massachusetts General Hospital), Yuki Bradford(Massachusetts General Hospital), Hugo Zeberg(Massachusetts General Hospital), Robert Frithiof(Massachusetts General Hospital), Michael Hultström(Massachusetts General Hospital), Miklós Lipcsey(Massachusetts General Hospital), Lindo Nkambul(Broad Institute), Nicolas Tardif(Massachusetts General Hospital), Olav Rooyackers(Massachusetts General Hospital), Jonathan Grip(Massachusetts General Hospital), Tomislav Maričić(Massachusetts General Hospital), Konrad J. Karczewski(Massachusetts General Hospital), Elizabeth G. Atkinson(Massachusetts General Hospital), Kristin Tsuo(Open Data Institute), Nikolas Baya(Open Data Institute), Patrick Turley(Open Data Institute), Rahul Gupta(Centre for Human Genetics), Shawneequa Callier(Open Data Institute), Raymond K. Walters(Open Data Institute), Duncan S. Palmer(Open Data Institute), Gopal Sarma(John Radcliffe Hospital), Nathan Cheng(Public Health England), Wenhan Lu(Public Health England), Sam Bryant(Genomics (United Kingdom)), Claire Churchhouse(Genomics (United Kingdom)), Caroline Cusick(Genomics England), Jacqueline I. Goldstein(Genomics England), Daniel King(Genomics England), Cotton Seed(Genomics England), Hilary K. Finucane(Genomics England), Alicia R. Martin(Genomics England), F. Kyle Satterstrom(Genomics England), Daniel J. Wilson(Genomics England), Jacob Armstrong(Genomics England), Justine Rudkin(Genomics England), Gavin Band(Genomics England), Sarah G. Earle(Genomics England), Shang‐Kuan Lin(Genomics England), Nicolas Arning(Utah College of Applied Technology), Derrick W. Crook(Utah College of Applied Technology), David Wyllie(Utah College of Applied Technology), Anne Marie O’Connell(Utah College of Applied Technology), Chris C.A. Spencer(Utah College of Applied Technology), Nils Koelling(Utah College of Applied Technology), Mark J. Caulfield(Queen Mary University of London), Richard H. Scott(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Tom Fowler(Department of Health and Social Care), Loukas Moutsianas(Utah College of Applied Technology), Athanasios Kousathanas(Utah College of Applied Technology), Dorota Pasko(Utah College of Applied Technology), Susan Walker(Utah College of Applied Technology), Augusto Rendon(Utah College of Applied Technology), A. Stuckey(Utah College of Applied Technology), Christopher A. Odhams(Utah College of Applied Technology), Daniel R. Rhodes(Utah College of Applied Technology), G. C. Chan(Utah College of Applied Technology), Prabhu Arumugam(Utah College of Applied Technology), Catherine A. Ball(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Eurie L. Hong(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Kristin A. Rand(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Ahna R. Girshick(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Harendra Guturu(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Asher Haug Baltzell(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Genevieve Roberts(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Danny Park(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Marie V. Coignet(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Shannon McCurdy(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Spencer C. Knight(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Raghavendran Partha(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Brooke Rhead(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Miao Zhang(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Nathan Berkowitz(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Michael Gaddis(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Keith Noto(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Luong Ruiz(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Miloš Pavlović(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Laura Sloofman(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Alexander W. Charney(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Noam D. Beckmann(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Eric Schadt(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Daniel M. Jordan(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Ryan C. Thompson(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Kyle Gettler(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Noura S. Abul‐Husn(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Steven Ascolillo(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Joseph D. Buxbaum(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Kumardeep Chaudhary(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Judy H. Cho(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Yuval Itan(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Eimear E. Kenny(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Gillian M. Belbin(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Stuart C. Sealfon(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Robert Sebra(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Irene Salib(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Brett Collins(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Tess Levy(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Bari Britvan(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Katherine Keller(Broad Institute), Lara Tang(Broad Institute), Michael Peruggia(Broad Institute), Liam L. Hiester(Western General Hospital), Kristi Niblo(Western General Hospital), Alexandra Aksentijevich(Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre), Alexander Labkowsky(Western General Hospital), Avrohom Karp(Western General Hospital), Menachem Zlatopolsky(Western General Hospital), Michael Preuß(Westlake University), Ruth J. F. Loos(Western General Hospital), Girish N. Nadkarni(Genomics England), Ron Do(Roslin Institute), Clive Hoggart(Genomics England), Sam Choi(Roslin Institute), Slayton J. Underwood(Genomics England), Paul F. O’Reilly(Edinburgh Royal Infirmary), Laura M. Huckins, Marissa Zyndorf, Mark Daly, Benjamin M. Neale, Andrea Ganna, Angie Fawkes(Western General Hospital), Lee Murphy(Western General Hospital), Kathy Rowan(Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre), Chris P. Ponting(Western General Hospital), Véronique Vitart(Western General Hospital), James F. Wilson(Western General Hospital), Jian Yang(Westlake University), Andrew D. Bretherick(Western General Hospital), Richard H. Scott(Great Ormond Street Hospital), Sara Clohisey(Roslin Institute), Loukas Moutsianas(Genomics England), Andy Law(Roslin Institute), Mark J. Caulfield(Queen Mary University of London), J. Kenneth Baillie(Roslin Institute)

Nature

March 7, 2022

10.1038/s41586-022-04576-6

Cited by 344Open Access

Full Text

Abstract

after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The GenOMICC (Genetics of Mortality in Critical Care) study enables the comparison of genomes from individuals who are critically ill with those of population controls to find underlying disease mechanisms. Here we use whole-genome sequencing in 7,491 critically ill individuals compared with 48,400 controls to discover and replicate 23 independent variants that significantly predispose to critical COVID-19. We identify 16 new independent associations, including variants within genes that are involved in interferon signalling (IL10RB and PLSCR1), leucocyte differentiation (BCL11A) and blood-type antigen secretor status (FUT2). Using transcriptome-wide association and colocalization to infer the effect of gene expression on disease severity, we find evidence that implicates multiple genes-including reduced expression of a membrane flippase (ATP11A), and increased expression of a mucin (MUC1)-in critical disease. Mendelian randomization provides evidence in support of causal roles for myeloid cell adhesion molecules (SELE, ICAM5 and CD209) and the coagulation factor F8, all of which are potentially druggable targets. Our results are broadly consistent with a multi-component model of COVID-19 pathophysiology, in which at least two distinct mechanisms can predispose to life-threatening disease: failure to control viral replication; or an enhanced tendency towards pulmonary inflammation and intravascular coagulation. We show that comparison between cases of critical illness and population controls is highly efficient for the detection of therapeutically relevant mechanisms of disease.

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