Partially Oxidized Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub><i>x</i></sub> MXenes for Fast and Selective Detection of Organic Vapors at Part-per-Million Concentrations

Hanna Pazniak(National University of Science and Technology), Ilya A. Plugin(Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov), Michael J. Loes(University of Nebraska–Lincoln), Talgat M. Inerbaev(L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University), Igor Burmistrov(Plekhanov Russian University of Economics), Michail Gorshenkov(National University of Science and Technology), Josef Polčák(Central European Institute of Technology), Alexey S. Varezhnikov(Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov), Martin Sommer(Karlsruhe Institute of Technology), Денис Кузнецов(National University of Science and Technology), Michael Brüns(Karlsruhe Institute of Technology), Fedor S. Fedorov(Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology), Nataliia S. Vorobeva(University of Nebraska–Lincoln), Alexander Sinitskii(University of Nebraska–Lincoln), Victor V. Sysoev(Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov)
ACS Applied Nano Materials
March 20, 2020
10.1021/acsanm.9b02223
Cited by 117

Abstract

MXenes, two-dimensional transition metal carbides or nitrides, have recently shown great promise for gas sensing applications. We demonstrate that the sensitivity of intrinsically metallic Ti3C2Tx MXene can be considerably improved via its partial oxidation in air at 350 °C. The annealed films of MXene sheets remain electrically conductive, while their decoration with semiconducting TiO2 considerably improves their chemiresistive response to organic analytes at low-ppm concentrations in dry air, which was used to emulate practical sensing environments. We demonstrate that partially oxidized MXene has a faster and a qualitatively different sensor response to volatile analytes compared to pristine Ti3C2Tx. We fabricated multisensor arrays of partially oxidized Ti3C2Tx MXene devices and demonstrate that in addition to their high sensitivity they enable a selective recognition of analytes of nearly the same chemical nature, such as low molecular weight alcohols. We investigated the oxidation behavior of Ti3C2Tx in air in a wide temperature range and discuss the mechanism of sensor response of partially oxidized MXene films, which is qualitatively different from that of pristine Ti3C2Tx.

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