Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-Years for 29 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2016

Christina Fitzmaurice(University of Washington), Tomi Akinyemiju(University of Alabama at Birmingham), Faris Lami(University of Baghdad), Shazia Alam(University of Washington), Reza Alizadeh‐Navaei(Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences), Christine A. Allen(University of Washington), Ubai Alsharif(Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin), Nelson Alvis‐Guzmán(University of Cartagena), Erfan Amini(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Benjamin O. Anderson(University of Washington), Olatunde Aremu(Birmingham City University), Al Artaman(University of Manitoba), Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom(Mekelle University), Reza Assadi(Mashhad University of Medical Sciences), Tesfay Mehari Atey(Mekelle University), Leticia Ávila‐Burgos(Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública), Ashish Awasthi(Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar), Huda Omer Ba Saleem(University of Aden), Aleksandra Barać(University of Belgrade), James R. Bennett(University of Washington), Isabela M. Benseñor(Universidade de São Paulo), Nickhill Bhakta(St. Jude Children's Research Hospital), Hermann Brenner(German Cancer Research Center), Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado(Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública), Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela(Universidad Nacional de Colombia), Ferrán Catalá-López(Universitat de València), Jee-Young J Choi(Seoul National University), Devasahayam Jesudas Christopher(Christian Medical College, Vellore), Sheng‐Chia Chung(Farr Institute), María Paula Curado(International Prevention Research Institute), Lalit Dandona(University of Washington), Rakhi Dandona(University of Washington), José das Neves(Universidade do Porto), Subhojit Dey(Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar), Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne(University of Peradeniya), David Teye Doku(University of Cape Coast), Tim Driscoll(The University of Sydney), Manisha Dubey(International Institute for Population Sciences), Hedyeh Ebrahimi(Shariati Hospital), Dumessa Edessa(Haramaya University), Ziad El‐Khatib(Karolinska Institutet), Aman Yesuf Endries(Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region), Florian Fischer(Bielefeld University), Lisa M Force(St. Jude Children's Research Hospital), Kyle J Foreman(University of Washington), Solomon Weldemariam Gebrehiwot(Mekelle University), Sameer Vali Gopalani(Department of Health and Social Affairs), Giuseppe Grosso(Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico - Vittorio Emanuele), Rahul Gupta(Virginia Department of Health), Bishal Gyawali(Aarhus University), Randah R Hamadeh(Arabian Gulf University), Samer Hamidi(Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University), James Harvey(University of Washington), Hamid Yimam Hassen(Mizan Tepi University), Roderick J. Hay(King's College London), Simon I Hay(University of Washington), Behzad Heibati(Iran University of Medical Sciences), Molla Kahssay Hiluf(Samara University), Nobuyuki Horita(Yokohama City University), Hung Chak Ho(Albert Einstein College of Medicine), Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi(National Public Health Institute of Liberia), Kaire Innos(National Institute for Health Development), Farhad Islami(American Cancer Society), Mihajlo Jakovljević(University of Kragujevac), Sarah Charlotte Johnson(University of Washington), Jost B Jonas(Heidelberg University), Amir Kasaeian(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Tesfaye Kassa(Mekelle University), Yousef Khader(Jordan University of Science and Technology), Ejaz Ahmad Khan(Health Services Academy), Gulfaraz Khan(United Arab Emirates University), Young‐Ho Khang(Seoul National University), Mohammad Hossein Khosravi(Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences), Jagdish Khubchandani(Ball State University), Jacek A Kopec(University of British Columbia), G Anil Kumar(Public Health Foundation of India), Michael Kutz(University of Washington), Deepesh Lad(Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research), Alessandra Lafranconi(University of Milano-Bicocca), Qing Lan(National Cancer Institute), Yirga Legesse(Mekelle University), James Leigh(The University of Sydney), Shai Linn(University of Haifa), Raimundas Lunevičius(National Health Service), Azeem Majeed(Imperial College London), Reza Malekzadeh(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Déborah Carvalho Malta(Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais), LG Mantovani(University of Milano-Bicocca), Brian J. McMahon(Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium), Toni Meier(Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg), Yohannes Adama Melaku(The University of Adelaide), Mulugeta Melku(University of Gondar), Peter Memiah(University of West Florida), Walter Mendoza, Tuomo J Meretoja(University of Helsinki), Haftay Berhane Mezgebe(Mekelle University), Ted R. Miller(Curtin University), Shafiu Mohammed(Ahmadu Bello University), Ali H. Mokdad(University of Washington), Mahmood Moosazadeh(Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences), Paula Moraga(Lancaster University), Seyyed Meysam Mousavi(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Vinay Nangia(Suraj Eye Institute), Cuong Tat Nguyen(Duy Tan University), Vuong Minh Nong(Duy Tan University), Felix Akpojene Ogbo(Western Sydney University), Andrew T Olagunju(University of Lagos), P A Mahesh(JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research), Eun‐Kee Park(Kosin University), Tejas Patel(White Plains Hospital), David M. Pereira(Universidade do Porto), Farhad Pishgar(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Maarten J. Postma(University Medical Center Groningen), Farshad Pourmalek(University of British Columbia), Mostafa Qorbani(Jahrom University of Medical Sciences), Anwar Rafay(University of Health Sciences Lahore), Salman Rawaf(Imperial College London), David Laith Rawaf(Royal London Hospital), Gholamreza Roshandel(Golestan University), Saeid Safiri(University of Maragheh), Hamideh Salimzadeh(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Juan Sanabria(Case Western Reserve University), Milena M Santric-Milicevic(University of Belgrade), Benn Sartorius(South African Medical Research Council), Maheswar Satpathy(Utkal University), Sadaf G Sepanlou(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Katya Anne Shackelford(University of Washington), Masood Ali Shaikh, Mahdi Sharif-Alhoseini(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Jun She(Fudan University), Min‐Jeong Shin(Korea University), Ivy Shiue(Alzheimer Scotland), Mark G. Shrime, Abiy H Sinke(Ethiopian Public Health Association), Mekonnen Sisay(Haramaya University), Amber Sligar(University of Washington), Mu’awiyyah Babale Sufiyan(Ahmadu Bello University), Bryan L. Sykes(University of California, Irvine), Rafael Tabarés‐Seisdedos(Universitat de València), Gizachew Assefa Tessema(The University of Adelaide), Roman Topór-Mądry(Jagiellonian University), Tung Thanh Tran(Duy Tan University), Bach Xuan Tran(Johns Hopkins University), Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja(Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki), Vasily Vlassov(National Research University Higher School of Economics), Stein Emil Vollset(University of Washington), Elisabete Weiderpass(Karolinska Institutet), Hywel C Williams(University of Nottingham), Nigus Bililign Yimer(Woldia University), Naohiro Yonemoto(Kyoto University), Mustafa Z Younis(Jackson State University), Christopher J L Murray(University of Washington), Mohsen Naghavi(University of Washington)
JAMA Oncology
June 2, 2018
10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.2706
Cited by 1,540Open Access
Full Text

Abstract

Importance: The increasing burden due to cancer and other noncommunicable diseases poses a threat to human development, which has resulted in global political commitments reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals as well as the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Action Plan on Non-Communicable Diseases. To determine if these commitments have resulted in improved cancer control, quantitative assessments of the cancer burden are required. Objective: To assess the burden for 29 cancer groups over time to provide a framework for policy discussion, resource allocation, and research focus. Evidence Review: Cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were evaluated for 195 countries and territories by age and sex using the Global Burden of Disease study estimation methods. Levels and trends were analyzed over time, as well as by the Sociodemographic Index (SDI). Changes in incident cases were categorized by changes due to epidemiological vs demographic transition. Findings: In 2016, there were 17.2 million cancer cases worldwide and 8.9 million deaths. Cancer cases increased by 28% between 2006 and 2016. The smallest increase was seen in high SDI countries. Globally, population aging contributed 17%; population growth, 12%; and changes in age-specific rates, -1% to this change. The most common incident cancer globally for men was prostate cancer (1.4 million cases). The leading cause of cancer deaths and DALYs was tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer (1.2 million deaths and 25.4 million DALYs). For women, the most common incident cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths and DALYs was breast cancer (1.7 million incident cases, 535 000 deaths, and 14.9 million DALYs). In 2016, cancer caused 213.2 million DALYs globally for both sexes combined. Between 2006 and 2016, the average annual age-standardized incidence rates for all cancers combined increased in 130 of 195 countries or territories, and the average annual age-standardized death rates decreased within that timeframe in 143 of 195 countries or territories. Conclusions and Relevance: Large disparities exist between countries in cancer incidence, deaths, and associated disability. Scaling up cancer prevention and ensuring universal access to cancer care are required for health equity and to fulfill the global commitments for noncommunicable disease and cancer control.

Related Papers

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
Theo Vos, Amanuel Alemu Abajobir, Kalkidan Hassen Abate et al.|The Lancet|2017|13.5k
Global, regional, and national age–sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
Gbd Mortality And Causes of Death Collaborators|The Lancet|2014|7.5k
Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-years for 32 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2015
Christina Fitzmaurice, Christine A. Allen, Ryan M Barber et al.|JAMA Oncology|2016|6.3k
Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
Mohsen Naghavi, Amanuel Alemu Abajobir, Cristiana Abbafati et al.|The Lancet|2017|4.9k
The Global Burden of Cancer 2013
Christina Fitzmaurice, Daniel Dicker, Amanda Pain et al.|JAMA Oncology|2015|2.8k