Traumatic brain injury: integrated approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research
Andrew I.R. Maas(University of Antwerp), David Menon, P. David Adelson(Barrow Neurological Institute), Nada Anđelić(Oslo University Hospital), M. J. Bell(University of Pittsburgh), Antonio Belli(NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre), Peter Bragge(Monash University), Alexandra Bražinová(University of Trnava), András Büki(University of Pecs), Randall M. Chesnut(University of Washington), Giuseppe Citerio(Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo), Mark Coburn(RWTH Aachen University), D. James Cooper(University of Pecs), A. Tamara Crowder, Endre Czeiter(University of Pecs), Marek Czosnyka(University of Cambridge), Ramon Diaz‐Arrastia(University of Pennsylvania), Jens P. Dreier(Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin), Ann‐Christine Duhaime(Harvard University), Ari Ercole(University of Pecs), Thomas A. van Essen, Valery L. Feigin, Guoyi Gao, Joseph T. Giacino, Laura E. González-Lara, Russell L. Gruen, Deepak Gupta(University of Pecs), Jed A. Hartings, Sean Hill, Jiyao Jiang, Naomi Ketharanathan, Erwin J. O. Kompanje, Linda Lanyon, Steven Laureys, Fiona Lecky, Harvey S. Levin, Hester F. Lingsma(Erasmus MC), Marc Maegele, Marek Majdán(University of Trnava), Geoffrey T. Manley, Jill A. Marsteller, Luciana Mascia, Charles McFadyen, Stefania Mondello, Virginia Newcombe, Aarno Palotie, Paul M. Parizel, Wilco C. Peul(Leiden University Medical Center), James Piercy, Suzanne Polinder(Erasmus MC), Louis Puybasset(Sorbonne Université), Todd E. Rasmussen, Rolf Rossaint(RWTH Aachen University), Peter Smielewski(University of Cambridge), Jeannette A. E. Söderberg, Simon Stanworth(NHS Blood and Transplant), Murray B. Stein(University of California San Diego), Nicole von Steinbüchel, William Stewart(Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene), Ewout W. Steyerberg, Nino Stocchetti(Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico), Anneliese Synnot(La Trobe University), Braden Te Ao, Olli Tenovuo, Alice Theadom(Auckland University of Technology), Dick Tibboel, Walter Videtta(Hospital Posadas), Kevin Wang(University of Florida), W. Huw Williams, Lindsay Wilson(University of Stirling), Kristine Yaffe(University of California, San Francisco), Hadie Adams, Vanni Agnoletti, Judith Allanson, Krisztina Amrein, Norberto Andaluz, Audny Anke, Anna Degli Antoni, Arjan Bastiaan van As, Gérard Audibert, A. Azaševac, Philippe Azouvi, Maria Luisa Azzolini, Camelia Baciu, Rafael Badenes, Karen Barlow, Ronald Bartels, Ursula Bauerfeind, Miriam H. Beauchamp, Darcy Beer, Ronny Beer, F. J. Belda, Bo‐Michael Bellander, Rémy Bellier, Habib Benali, Thierry Bénard, Valzerda Beqiri, Luigi Beretta, Françis Bernard, Guido Bertolini, Federico Bilotta, Morten Blaabjerg, Hugo den Boogert, Kathy Boutis, Pierre Bouzat, Brian L. Brooks, Camilla Brorsson, Monika Bullinger, Emma Burns, Emiliana Calappi, Peter Cameron, Elsa Carise, Ana M. Castaño‐León, Francesco Causin, Giorgio Chevallard, Arturo Chieregato, Brian R. Christie, Maryse C. Cnossen, Jonathan Coles, Johnny Collett, Françesco Della Corte, William Craig, Gábor Csató, Ákos Csomós, Nicola Curry, Claire Dahyot‐Fizelier, Helen Dawes, Carol DeMatteo, Bart Depreitere, Deborah Dewey, Jeroen van Dijck, Đula Đilvesi, Diederik W.J. Dippel, Kemal Dizdarević, Emma Donoghue, Or Duek, Guy‐Loup Dulière, Adelaida Dzeko, George A. Eapen, Carolyn A. Emery, Shane English, Patrick Esser, Erzsébet Ezer, Martin Fabricius, Junfeng Feng, Dean Fergusson, Anthony Figaji, Joanne M. Fleming, Kelly Foks, Gilles Francony, Stephen B. Freedman, Ulderico Freo, Shirin Frisvold, Isabelle Gagnon, Damien Galanaud, Dashiell Gantner, B. Giraud, Ben Glocker, Jagoš Golubović, Pedro A. Gómez, Wayne A. Gordon, Primož Gradišek, Jocelyn Gravel, Donald Griesdale, Francesca Grossi, Juanita A. Haagsma, Asta K. Håberg, Iain Haitsma, Wim Van Hecke, Raimund Helbok, Eirik Helseth, Caroline van Heugten, Cornelia Hoedemaekers, Stefan Höfer, Lindsay Horton, Jiyuan Hui, Jilske Huijben, Peter J. Hutchinson, Bram Jacobs, Mathieu van der Jagt, Stefan Jankowski, Koen Janssens, Bojan Jelača, Kelly Jones, Konstantinos Kamnitsas, Rafael Kapš, Mladen Karan, Ari Katila, Kirsi‐Maija Kaukonen, Véronique De Keyser, Riku Kivisaari, Angelos G. Kolias, Bálint Kolumbán, Ksenija Kolundžija, Daniel Kondziella, Lars‐Owe Koskinen, Noémi Kovács, Andreas H. Kramer, Demitri Kutsogiannis, Theodoros Kyprianou, Alfonso Lagares, François Lamontagne, Roberto Latini, François Lauzier, Isaac Lazar, Christian Ledig, Rolf Lefering, Valérie Legrand, Leon Levi, Roger Lightfoot, Angels Lozano, Stephen Macdonald, Sebastian Major, Alex Manara, Pauline Manhes, Hugues Maréchal, Costanza Martino, Alessandro Masala, Serge Masson, Julia Mattern, Bradford J. McFadyen, Catherine McMahon, Maureen O. Meade, Béla Melegh, Tomas Menovsky, Lynne Moore, Marta Correia, Maria Cristina Morganti-Kossmann, Holger Muehlan, Pratik Mukherjee, Lynnette Murray, Joukje van der Naalt, Ancuța Negru, David Nelson, Daan Nieboer, Quentin Noirhomme, József Nyirádi, Mauro Oddo, David O. Okonkwo, Annemarie W. Oldenbeuving, Fabrizio Ortolano, Martin H. Osmond, Jean‐François Payen, Vincent Perlbarg, Paolo Persona, Nicolas Pichon, Anna Piippo-Karjalainen, Sébastien Pili‐Floury, Matti Pirinen, Horia Ple, María A. Poca, Jussi P. Posti, Dominique Van Praag, Alain Ptito, Andreea Rădoi, Arminas Ragauskas, Rahul Raj, Ruben Real, Nick Reed, Jonathan R. Rhodes, Claudia S. Robertson, Saulius Ročka, Cecilie Røe, Olav Røise, Gerwin Roks, Jonathan Rosand, Jeffrey V. Rosenfeld, Christina Rosenlund, Guy Rosenthal, Sandra Rossi, Daniel Rueckert, Godard C. W. de Ruiter, Marco Sacchi, Barbara J. Sahakian, Juan Sahuquillo, Oliver Sakowitz, Gerardo Salvato, Renán Sánchez-Porras, János Sándor, Grinder Sangha, Nadine Schäfer, Silke Schmidt, Kathryn Schneider, David M. Schnyer, Herbert Schöhl, Guus Schoonman, Rico Frederik Schou, Özcan Sir, Toril Skandsen, Dirk Smeets, Abayomi Sorinola, Emmanuel A. Stamatakis, Ana Stevanovic, Robert D. Stevens, Nina Sundström, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Riikka Takala, Päivi Tanskanen, Mark Taylor, Ralph Telgmann, Nancy Temkin, Guido Teodorani, Matt Thomas, Christos Tolias, Tony Trapani, Alexis F. Turgeon, Peter Vajkoczy, Alex B. Valadka, Egils Valeinis, Shirley Vallance, Zoltán Vámos, Alessia Vargiolu, Emmanuel Vega, Jan Verheyden, Anne Vik, Rimantas Vilcinis, Carmen Vleggeert‐Lankamp, Lidia Vogt, Victor Volovici, Daphne Voormolen, Peter Vulekovic, Thijs Vande Vyvere, Julia Van Waesberghe, Lars Wessels, Eno Wildschut, Guy Williams, Maren K. L. Winkler, Stefan Wolf, Gordon Wood, Nektaria Xirouchaki, Alexander Younsi, Menashe Zaaroor, Veronika Zelinkova, Roger Zemek, Fabrizio Zumbo
Cited by 2,518Open Access
Abstract
A concerted effort to tackle the global health problem posed by traumatic brain injury (TBI) is long overdue. TBI is a public health challenge of vast, but insufficiently recognised, proportions. Worldwide, more than 50 million people have a TBI each year, and it is estimated that about half the world's population will have one or more TBIs over their lifetime. TBI is the leading cause of mortality in young adults and a major cause of death and disability across all ages in all countries, with a disproportionate burden of disability and death occurring in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). It has been estimated that TBI costs the global economy approximately $US400 billion annually. Deficiencies in prevention, care, and research urgently need to be addressed to reduce the huge burden and societal costs of TBI. This Commission highlights priorities and provides expert recommendations for all stakeholders—policy makers, funders, health-care professionals, researchers, and patient representatives—on clinical and research strategies to reduce this growing public health problem and improve the lives of people with TBI.
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