The Genome Sequence of <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> , Etiologic Agent of Chagas Disease
Najib M. El-Sayed(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Peter J. Myler(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Daniella Castanheira Bartholomeu(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Daniel Nilsson(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Gautam Aggarwal(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Anh-Nhi Tran(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Elodie Ghedin(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Elizabeth A. Worthey(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Arthur L. Delcher(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Gaëlle Blandin(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Scott J Westenberger(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Elisabet Caler(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Gustavo Cerqueira(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Carole Branche(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Brian J. Haas(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Atashi Anupama(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Erik Arner(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Lena Åslund(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Philip Attipoe(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Esteban J. Bontempi(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Frédéric Bringaud(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Peter Burton(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Eithon Cadag(Center for Infectious Disease Research), David A. Campbell(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Mark Carrington(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Jonathan Crabtree(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Hamid Darban(Center for Infectious Disease Research), José Franco da Silveira(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Pieter de Jong(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Kimberly M. Edwards(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Paul T. Englund(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Gholam Fazelina(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Tamara V. Feldblyum(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Marcela Ferella(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Alberto C.C. Frasch(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Keith Gull(Center for Infectious Disease Research), David Horn(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Lihua Hou(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Yiting Huang(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Ellen Kindlund(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Michele M. Klingbeil(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Sindy Kluge(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Hyunwoo Koo(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Daniela R. Lacerda(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Mariano J. Levin(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Hernán Lorenzi(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Tin Louie(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Carlos Renato Machado(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Richard McCulloch(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Alan Mckenna(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Yumi Mizuno(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Jeremy C. Mottram(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Siri Nelson(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Stephen Ochaya(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Kazutoyo Osoegawa(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Grace Pai(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Marilyn Parsons(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Martin Pentony(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Ulf Pettersson(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Mihai Pop(Center for Infectious Disease Research), José Luis Ramı́rez(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Joel Rinta(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Laura Robertson(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Steven L. Salzberg(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Daniel O. Sánchez(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Amber Seyler(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Reuben Sunil Kumar Sharma(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Jyoti Shetty(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Anjana J. Simpson(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Ellen Sisk(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Martti T. Tammi(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Rick L. Tarleton(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Santuza Maria Ribeiro Teixeira(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Susan Van Aken(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Christy Vogt(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Pauline N. Ward(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Bill Wickstead(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Jennifer R. Wortman(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Owen White(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Claire M. Fraser(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Kenneth Stuart(Center for Infectious Disease Research), Björn Andersson(Center for Infectious Disease Research)
Cited by 1,400Open Access
Abstract
Whole-genome sequencing of the protozoan pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi revealed that the diploid genome contains a predicted 22,570 proteins encoded by genes, of which 12,570 represent allelic pairs. Over 50% of the genome consists of repeated sequences, such as retrotransposons and genes for large families of surface molecules, which include trans-sialidases, mucins, gp63s, and a large novel family (>1300 copies) of mucin-associated surface protein (MASP) genes. Analyses of the T. cruzi, T. brucei, and Leishmania major (Tritryp) genomes imply differences from other eukaryotes in DNA repair and initiation of replication and reflect their unusual mitochondrial DNA. Although the Tritryp lack several classes of signaling molecules, their kinomes contain a large and diverse set of protein kinases and phosphatases; their size and diversity imply previously unknown interactions and regulatory processes, which may be targets for intervention.