The Genome of the African Trypanosome <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i>
Matthew Berriman(George Washington University), Elodie Ghedin(George Washington University), Christiane Hertz‐Fowler(George Washington University), Gaëlle Blandin(George Washington University), Hubert Renauld(George Washington University), Daniella Castanheira Bartholomeu(George Washington University), Nicola Lennard(George Washington University), Elisabet Caler(George Washington University), N. Hamlin(George Washington University), Brian J. Haas(George Washington University), Ulrike Böhme(George Washington University), Linda I. Hannick(George Washington University), Martin A. Aslett(George Washington University), Joshua M. Shallom(George Washington University), Lucio Marcello(George Washington University), Lihua Hou(George Washington University), Bill Wickstead(George Washington University), U. Cecilia M. Alsmark(George Washington University), C. Arrowsmith(George Washington University), Rebecca Atkin(George Washington University), Andrew Barron(George Washington University), Frédéric Bringaud(George Washington University), Karen Brooks(George Washington University), Mark Carrington(George Washington University), Inna Cherevach(George Washington University), Tracey-Jane Chillingworth(George Washington University), Carol Churcher(George Washington University), Louise Clark(George Washington University), Craig Corton(George Washington University), Ann Cronin(George Washington University), Robert M. Davies(George Washington University), Jonathon Doggett(George Washington University), Appolinaire Djikeng(George Washington University), Tamara V. Feldblyum(George Washington University), Mark C. Field(George Washington University), Audrey Fraser(George Washington University), Ian Goodhead(George Washington University), Zahra Hance(George Washington University), D. Harper(George Washington University), Barbara Harris(George Washington University), Heidi Hauser(George Washington University), Jessica B. Hostetler(George Washington University), Alasdair Ivens(George Washington University), Kay Jagels(George Washington University), David J. Johnson(George Washington University), Justin Johnson(George Washington University), Kristine Jones(George Washington University), Arnaud Kerhornou(George Washington University), Hyunwoo Koo(George Washington University), Natasha Larke(George Washington University), Scott M. Landfear(George Washington University), Christopher Larkin(George Washington University), Vanessa Leech(George Washington University), Alexandra Line(George Washington University), Angela Lord(George Washington University), Annette MacLeod(George Washington University), Paul Mooney(George Washington University), Sharon Moule(George Washington University), David Martin(University of Dundee), Gareth W. Morgan(George Washington University), Karen Mungall(George Washington University), Halina Norbertczak(George Washington University), Doug Ormond(George Washington University), Grace Pai(George Washington University), Chris Peacock(George Washington University), Jeremy Peterson(George Washington University), Michael A. Quail(George Washington University), Ester Rabbinowitsch(George Washington University), Marie‐Adèle Rajandream(George Washington University), Chris P Reitter(George Washington University), Steven L. Salzberg(George Washington University), Mandy Sanders(George Washington University), Seth Schobel(George Washington University), Sarah Sharp(George Washington University), Mark Simmonds(George Washington University), Anjana J. Simpson(George Washington University), Luke J. Tallon(George Washington University), C. Michael R. Turner(George Washington University), Andrew Tait(George Washington University), Adrian R. Tivey(George Washington University), Susan Van Aken(George Washington University), Danielle Walker(George Washington University), David Wanless(George Washington University), Shiliang Wang(George Washington University), Brian R. White(George Washington University), Owen White(George Washington University), Sally Whitehead(George Washington University), John R. Woodward(George Washington University), Jennifer R. Wortman(George Washington University), Mark D. Adams(George Washington University), T. Martin Embley(George Washington University), Keith Gull(George Washington University), Elisabetta Ullu(George Washington University), J. David Barry(George Washington University), Alan H. Fairlamb(University of Dundee), Fred R. Opperdoes(George Washington University), B. G. Barrell(George Washington University), John E. Donelson(University of Iowa), Neil Hall(George Washington University), Claire M. Fraser(George Washington University), Sara E. Melville(George Washington University), Najib M. El-Sayed(George Washington University)
Cited by 1,683
Abstract
African trypanosomes cause human sleeping sickness and livestock trypanosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa. We present the sequence and analysis of the 11 megabase-sized chromosomes of Trypanosoma brucei. The 26-megabase genome contains 9068 predicted genes, including approximately 900 pseudogenes and approximately 1700 T. brucei-specific genes. Large subtelomeric arrays contain an archive of 806 variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) genes used by the parasite to evade the mammalian immune system. Most VSG genes are pseudogenes, which may be used to generate expressed mosaic genes by ectopic recombination. Comparisons of the cytoskeleton and endocytic trafficking systems with those of humans and other eukaryotic organisms reveal major differences. A comparison of metabolic pathways encoded by the genomes of T. brucei, T. cruzi, and Leishmania major reveals the least overall metabolic capability in T. brucei and the greatest in L. major. Horizontal transfer of genes of bacterial origin has contributed to some of the metabolic differences in these parasites, and a number of novel potential drug targets have been identified.
Related Papers
No related papers found
Powered by citation graph analysis