Elder Mendoza

BACKGROUND: To determine the relationship between family history of hypertension (FHH) and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in healthy prepubertal children. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, population-based study. SETTING: Elementary schools from San Luis Potosi and Durango, cities in middle and northern Mexico. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 358 randomly enrolled, healthy boys and girls aged 6-10 years in Tanner stage 1, with and without FHH. OUTCOME MEASURES: Odds ratio (OR) that estimates the relationship between FHH and CVRF. RESULTS: FHH was identified in 72 (20.1%) children; 212 (59.2%) children had at least one CVRF, where low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (36.3%), elevated waist circumference (WC) (29.3%), and hypertriglyceridemia (28.8%) were the most frequent; high-blood pressure (HBP) and hyperglycemia were recognized in 10 (3.3%) and 1 (0.3%) children. Metabolic syndrome and hyperinsulinemia were identified in 36 (10.0%) and 48 (13.4%) children. In all subjects, hyperinsulinemia (OR 2.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-8.4), but not other CVRF was significantly associated with FHH. Subsequent analysis stratified by WC showed that FHH was not associated with CVRF in children with elevated WC. Among children with nonelevated WC, FHH in the maternal branch, but not in the paternal branch, was associated with hyperinsulinemia (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.1-5.5), HBP (OR 4.0; 95% CI 1.3-30.1), hypertriglyceridemia (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.1-7.2), and low HDL-cholesterol (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1-3.0). CONCLUSION: Results show that FHH in the maternal branch is associated with CVRF in children with nonelevated WC.

Objectives: To assess the concordance between corporal self-perception and BMI calculated in a population of volunteers. Secondary objectives: to know the percentage of overweight, normoweight and obese individuals in this population. Subjects: The study includes 160 volunteers recruited at the Gomez Ulla and Severo Ochoa Hospitals in Madrid during the 4th edition of the “Obesity Day”. Actions: A total of 160 interviews were carried out, comprising a first group of 10 questions about how obesity is understood, how they classify themselves by selfperception (obese, overweight or normoweight individuals), the incidence of obesity in the family, living habits and the number of previous failed attempts to lose weight. In the case of a positive response to the last question, the survey is extended to 19 questions, analyzing the reasons, prescriptors, methods used, and weight loss results obtained. Results: The mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of the interviewees was 26,2 ± 4,97 kg/m2, with 27,45 ± 5,4 kg/m2 for males and 25,76 ± 4,7 kg/m 2 for women. Overweight men represented 32,5%, with 27,3% overweight women, while obese men accounted for 25,6% and obese women amounted to 20,6%. The differences were not significant between sexes, normoweight, overweight and obesity groups. The concordance between self-perception and BMI using the kappa index was 0,464 for the total sample, 0,229 for males and 0,527 for women, and according to the valuation scale proposed by Landis and Koch, it would correspond to a moderate degree of agreement for the population in general, medium for men and moderate for women. Conclusions: Overweight and obesity affect a high percentage of the Spanish population (almost 50%). Women show greater concern about being overweight, are more likely to participate in prevention campaigns, and present a corporal perception more in line with their true weight. Preventive campaigns should be implemented to reach the male population better, taking

OBJECTIVES: To assess the concordance between corporal self-perception and BMI calculated in a population of volunteers. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: to know the percentage of overweight, normoweight and obese individuals in this population. SUBJECTS: The study includes 160 volunteers recruited at the Gómez Ulla and Severo Ochoa Hospitals in Madrid during the 4th edition of the "Obesity Day". ACTIONS: A total of 160 interviews were carried out, comprising a first group of 10 questions about how obesity is understood, how they classify themselves by self-perception (obese, overweight or normoweight individuals), the incidence of obesity in the family, living habits and the number of previous failed attempts to lose weight. In the case of a positive response to the last question, the survey is extended to 19 questions, analyzing the reasons, prescriptors, methods used, and weight loss results obtained. RESULTS: The mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of the interviewees was 26.2 +/- 4.97 kg/m2, with 27.45 +/- 5.4 kg/m2 for males and 25.76 +/- 4.7 kg/m2 for women. Overweight men represented 32.5%, with 27.3% overweight women, while obese men accounted for 25.6% and obese women amounted to 20.6%. The differences were not significant between sexes, normoweight, overweight and obesity groups. The concordance between self-perception and BMI using the kappa index was 0,464 for the total sample, 0.229 for males and 0.527 for women, and according to the valuation scale proposed by Landis and Koch, it would correspond to a moderate degree of agreement for the population in general, medium for men and moderate for women. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obesity affect a high percentage of the Spanish population (almost 50%). Women show greater concern about being overweight, are more likely to participate in prevention campaigns, and present a corporal perception more in line with their true weight. Preventive campaigns should be implemented to reach the male population better, taking into account that this population presents a greater cardiovascular risk. It is important to place the problem of obesity in the right terms, without any "obesophobia" leading to disorders of the eating behaviour, while indicating the importance of the risk attributable to obesity and excess weight.