Yuji Kanda

Au, Pt, or Ag particles with particle sizes of ca. 1 μm were used as catalysts for boring pores in p-type Si(100) wafers by wet etching in aqueous solutions containing hydrofluoric acid and hydrogen peroxide. Boring speed was fastest when Pt particles were used as the catalyst. However, the sidewalls of the pores and the surface of the wafer were covered with a nanoporous silicon layer of ca. 500 nm in thickness, and the pore showed a tapered structure. When micrometre-sized Ag particles were used, no deep pores were formed because the particles were unstable in the solution. In contrast to Pt and Ag particles, Au particles bored straight pores under some conditions. However, the morphology of pores depended on the shape of the Au particles. Spherical Au particles formed straight pores, whereas non-spherical Au particles formed pores with spiral sidewalls. When Au particles formed aggregates consisting of a small number of particles (<10 particles), crooked pores tended to be formed. In contrast, when the aggregates were composed of a larger number of particles, straight pores were formed and the boring speed was faster than the pores formed with isolated Au particles.

Gene amplification/overexpression was analyzed in 23 cell lines derived from human esophageal squamous-cell-carcinoma tissues by Southern and Northern hybridizations to c-myc, c-erbB, hst-1 and cyclin-D1 probes. Amplification of the c-myc gene was observed in 5 cell lines derived from well-differentiated carcinomas and all of them were accompanied by co-amplification of other examined oncogenes. The c-erbB gene was amplified in 3 cell lines. Co-amplification of hst-1 and cyclin D1, both of which are located in chromosome 11q13, was found in 9 cell lines. Without exception their amplification was simultaneous and the magnitudes were similar. Their amplification, but not their overexpression, was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in patients from whom the cell lines were established. While hst-1-gene expression was not detected, at least 1 of the genes analyzed was overexpressed in 20 cell lines vs. its expression in normal esophageal mucosal tissues. However, gene amplification was not necessarily accompanied by overexpression of the corresponding genes. Expression of the cyclin D1 gene, which has been assumed to be a target gene for 11q13 amplification, was not detected in one particular cell line with amplification of 11q13. These results suggest that the amplification/overexpression of more than I oncogene is involved in the carcinogenic process of esophageal carcinoma and that c-myc-gene amplification is associated with a well-differentiated subtype. There remains a possibility that key oncogenes other than cyclin D1 are involved in 11q13 amplification.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPseudoliquid behavior of heteropoly compound catalysts. Unusual pressure dependences of the rate and selectivity for ethanol dehydrationMakoto Misono, Toshio Okuhara, Tatsumi Ichiki, Takeo Arai, and Yuji KandaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 109, 18, 5535–5536Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00252a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00252a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views291Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

Abstract High-resolution solid-state 1H and 31P NMR revealed that there were at least three different states for protons of H3PW12O40·nH2O; (i) protons present in highly hydrated samples, (ii) protonated water which is hydrogen-bonded to terminal oxygen, W = O···H+ (H2O)2 (n \doteqdot 6), and (iii) proton which is directly bonded to bridging oxygen, W–OH–W (n \doteqdot 0). When water was replaced by ethanol, a protonated ethanol species was detected by 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR.

The clinical significance of cytologic examination was studied in 114 patients with ovarian cancer who had received preoperative cytologic examinations. The overall positive rate of the cytologic examinations was 26.3% (30 of 114): 22 (19.3%) of the 114 cases had positive cervicovaginal smears while 13 of 31 endometrial aspiration smears (41.9%) were positive. The positive rate was not related to the volume of ascites but rather to its presence or absence. Thus, if ascites was observed, the positive rate was about 2.1 times higher than if it was absent. In two of four cases of ovarian cancer with no endometrial invasion but a positive cytologic examination of ascitic fluid, fallopian tube specimens contained cancer cells; this suggests that ovarian cancer cells may reach the cervix and/or vagina by passing through the fallopian tube, particularly if ascites is present. Since cytologic examination, especially of endometrial aspiration smears, shows a high positive rate if ovarian cancer cells are observed in the abdominal cavity, cytology should be used as an important ancillary method for the assessment of ovarian cancer.