Sadakazu Watanabe

In this paper, we present a technique for measuring the value of charge-to-mass ratio in toners using a newly developed apparatus in which charged toner particles are transported above a periodic array of conductors driven by four-phase rectangular pulses. At the end of the flow path of toner particles in the transport system, parallel electrodes are set up for sensing charge-to-mass ratio. The sensed input signal is amplified by differential amplifier and is converted to digital values. By analyzing the sensed signal, the value of the ratio for the charged toner particles can be calculated. This technique can measure easily the mean value and its distribution under coditions of on-line use. We find that the distribution shows a good correspondence with the result of the E-Spart method near the peak range.

In this paper, we show a technique for measuring the value of Σ(q/m) by using a newly developed apparatus in which charged toner particles are transported above the sheet of periodic array conductors driven by four-phase rectangular pulses. At the end of the flow path of toner particles in the transportation system, parallel electrodes are set up for sensing Σ(q/m). The sensed input signal is amplified by differential amplifier and is converted to digital values. By analyzing the sensed signal, the value of Σ(q/m) for the charged toner particles can be calculated. This technique can measure easily the value of Σ(q/m) for the toner particles and its distribution with on-line use. We obtain the experimental result that the distribution of Σ(q/m) shows a good coincidence with the result of the E-Spart method near the peak range.

In 1967 we began developing an automated cytologic screening system for uterine cancer. The CYBEST protype was developed in 1972, and current developments have taken us to CYBEST model 4 developed in 1981 with a new desk-size design.