S. Manne

The spring constant of microfabricated cantilevers used in scanning force microscopy (SFM) can be determined by measuring their resonant frequencies before and after adding small end masses. These masses adhere naturally and can be easily removed before using the cantilever for SFM, making the method nondestructive. The observed variability in spring constant—almost an order of magnitude for a single type of cantilever—necessitates calibration of individual cantilevers in work where precise knowledge of forces is required. Measurements also revealed that the spring constant scales with the cube of the unloaded resonant frequency, providing a simple way to estimate the spring constant for less precise work.

Living organisms construct various forms of laminated nanocomposites through directed nucleation and growth of inorganics at self-assembled organic templates at temperatures below 100°C and in aqueous solutions. Recent research has focused on the use of functionalized organic surfaces to form continuous thin films of single-phase ceramics. Continuous thin films of mesostructured silicates have also been formed on hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces through a two-step mechanism. First, under acidic conditions, surfactant micellar structures are self-assembled at the solid/liquid interface, and second, inorganic precursors condense to form an inorganic-organic nanocomposite. Epitaxial coordination of adsorbed surfactant tubules is observed on mica and graphite substrates, whereas a random arrangement is observed on amorphous silica. The ability to process ceramic-organic nanocomposite films by these methods provides new technological opportunities.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect Visualization of Surfactant Hemimicelles by Force Microscopy of the Electrical Double LayerS. Manne, J. P. Cleveland, H. E. Gaub, G. D. Stucky, and P. K. HansmaCite this: Langmuir 1994, 10, 12, 4409–4413Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00024a003https://doi.org/10.1021/la00024a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2897Altmetric-Citations565LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts

The atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to image an electrode surface at atomic resolution while the electrode was under potential control in a fluid electrolyte. A new level of subtlety was observed for each step of a complete electrochemical cycle that started with an Au(111) surface onto which bulk Cu was electrodeposited. The Cu was stripped down to an underpotential-deposited monolayer and finally returned to a bare Au(111) surface. The images revealed that the underpotential-deposited monolayer has different structures in different electrolytes. Specifically, for a perchloric acid electrolyte the Cu atoms are in a close-packed lattice with a spacing of 0.29 +/- 0.02 nanometer (nm). For a sulfate electrolyte they are in a more open lattice with a spacing of 0.49 +/- 0.02 nm. As the deposited Cu layer grew thicker, the Cu atoms converged to a (111)-oriented layer with a lattice spacing of 0.26 +/- 0.02 nm for both electrolytes. A terrace pattern was observed during dissolution of bulk Cu. Images were obtained of an atomically resolved Cu monolayer in one region and an atomically resolved Au substrate in another in which a 30 degrees rotation of the Cu monolayer lattice from the Au lattice is clearly visible.

Research Article| April 01, 1992 Atomic-scale imaging of calcite growth and dissolution in real time P. E. Hillner; P. E. Hillner 1Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar A. J. Gratz; A. J. Gratz 2Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar S. Manne; S. Manne 1Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar P. K. Hansma P. K. Hansma 1Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Geology (1992) 20 (4): 359–362. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0359:ASIOCG>2.3.CO;2 Article history first online: 02 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation P. E. Hillner, A. J. Gratz, S. Manne, P. K. Hansma; Atomic-scale imaging of calcite growth and dissolution in real time. Geology 1992;; 20 (4): 359–362. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1992)020<0359:ASIOCG>2.3.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract We present a new experimental technique for real-time observation of aqueous mineral growth and dissolution at the atomic scale using an atomic-force microscope (AFM) equipped with a flow-through fluid cell. We applied this technique to observe changes in surface topography on the (10 \(\overline{1}\) 4) cleavage plane of calcite during alternating episodes of growth and dissolution. Growth occurred in a layer-by-layer fashion by the forward motion of monomolecular steps (0.3 ±0.1 nm high) lying parallel to the edges of the cleavage face. Under all conditions studied, the velocities of positive [48 \(\overline{1}\) ] and [ \(\overline{4}\) 41] steps were the same; velocities of negative [ \(\overline{4}\) 81] and [ \(\overline{4}\) 41] steps were undetectably small, less than 0.1 not s-1. Steps were straight passing above perfect crystalline material, but roughened into two-dimensional dendrites above defective material. Dissolution nucleated shallow (< 5 nm deep) etch pinholes in defective material and faceted existing surface voids into >90-nm-deep rhombic etch cores. Growth into these etch cores was impeded so that steps moved around them. AFM images of the surface atomic structure revealed rows of atoms along [010] spaced by 0.39 ±0.05 nm with a periodicity along the rows of 0.43 ±0.05 run. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.