X. H. Zeng

We report the first results of a light weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) search from the CDEX-10 experiment with a 10 kg germanium detector array immersed in liquid nitrogen at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory with a physics data size of 102.8 kg day. At an analysis threshold of 160 eVee, improved limits of $8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}42}$ and $3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}36}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ at a 90% confidence level on spin-independent and spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross sections, respectively, at a WIMP mass (${m}_{\ensuremath{\chi}}$) of $5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$ are achieved. The lower reach of ${m}_{\ensuremath{\chi}}$ is extended to $2\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$.

The dislocation multiplication and movement mechanism in GaN single crystals has been studied using nanoindentation and cathodoluminescence. Dislocation loops can multiply and move from plane to plane by cross-slip, thus producing a wide plastic deformation in GaN during indentation. This mechanism is further supported by the remarkable movement of indentation induced dislocations during annealing. Furthermore, the so-called pop-in events, in which the indenter suddenly enters deeper into the material without the application of any additional force, can be better understood by considering the cross-slip mechanism.

An ingenious experimental programme by combining artificially thickened oxide layer as marker material and ‘stop-action’ welding were used to study the material flow and defect formation in friction stir welding of aluminium alloys. The results showed that material flow around the pin on the advancing side (AS) was severer than that on the retreating side (RS) and the fastest velocity of material flow in the middle stir zone (SZ) was 43.9 mm s −1 . Moreover, the material under the RS shoulder included extruded metal only and the material under the AS shoulder included extruded and rotated metal. Lastly, instantaneous void occurrence and insufficient inflow material were reasons for the preferential formation of void defects in the top SZ on the AS.