Jiang Li

Simplified procedure: A new catalytic route was developed for the conversion of biomass carbohydrates into γ-valerolactone (GVL) without using an external H2 supply. A model experiment with glucose provided γ-valerolactone in 48 % yield. An interesting positive effect of CO2 on the Ru-catalyzed hydrogenation was also observed. py=pyridine. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.

Detecting execution anomalies is very important to the maintenance and monitoring of large-scale distributed systems. People often use console logs that are produced by distributed systems for troubleshooting and problem diagnosis. However, manually inspecting console logs for the detection of anomalies is unfeasible due to the increasing scale and complexity of distributed systems. Therefore, there is great demand for automatic anomaly detection techniques based on log analysis. In this paper, we propose an unstructured log analysis technique for anomaly detection, with a novel algorithm to automatically discover program invariants in logs. At first, a log parser is used to convert the unstructured logs to structured logs. Then, the structured log messages are further grouped to log message groups according to the relationship among log parameters. After that, the program invariants are automatically mined from the log message groups. The mined invariants can reveal the inherent linear characteristics of program work flows. With these learned invariants, our technique can automatically detect anomalies in logs. Experiments on Hadoop show that the technique can effectively detect execution anomalies. Compared with the state of art, our approach can not only detect numerous real problems with high accuracy but also provide intuitive insight into the problems. 1

This review summarizes the recent advances relating to the catalytic transfer hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol, mainly focusing on the structure-activity relationships, the general reaction mechanism, and future research trends.

LA Lac′ers: The conversion of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone is catalyzed by heterogeneous catalysts without using the external H2. RuP/SiO2 has been demonstrated to be a bifunctional catalyst giving a yield of 96 %. Through a two-step process, excellent performance can be achieved in eight recycling runs. Moreover, no hazardous 2-Me-THF is produced during the process.

The main attraction: A magnetic solid acid with mesoporous structure was synthesized for the hydrolysis cellulose into glucose. Glucose is generated efficiently from amorphous cellulose in the mesopores of the catalyst with a yield of 50 %. Moreover, catalyst separation can be readily achieved by magnetic force. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.