Li Lei

Xi’an, as a typical inland city in China with a worse integrated transport system, has promoted the use of metro service to ease serious traffic congestion. This paper uses a logistic regression model to examine mode shifts behavior for auto, taxi, bus, electric bicycle, and bicycle users after the implementation of metro service based on stated preference data. The results indicate that auto travelers located in suburban regions are more willing to shift to metro for work trips. Female taxi and auto users are more likely to use metro than males. Longer trips for taxi and electric bicycle travelers prefer to choose the newly introduced metro. Additionally, a preference survey on newly opened metro concluded that metro passengers that shift from auto mode may decrease 8 to 19% because of incomplete transfer facilities. Finally, it was found that the impacts on easing traffic congestion by a single metro corridor are not significant, and some parallel policies need to be adopted. Furthermore, these findings are more useful for developing cities lacking modal joint and integration.

BACKGROUND: Studies in Western countries have repeatedly shown that women with a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) are at increased risk for developing major depression (MD). Would this relationship be found in China? METHOD: Three levels of CSA (non-genital, genital, and intercourse) were assessed by self-report in two groups of Han Chinese women: 1970 clinically ascertained with recurrent MD and 2597 matched controls. Diagnostic and other risk factor information was assessed at personal interview. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated by logistic regression and regression coefficients by linear or Poisson regression. RESULTS: Any form of CSA was significantly associated with recurrent MD [OR 3.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.95-5.45]. This association strengthened with increasing CSA severity: non-genital (OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.17-5.23), genital (OR 2.77, 95% CI 1.32-5.83) and intercourse (OR 13.35, 95% CI 1.83-97.42). The association between any form of CSA and MD remained significant after accounting for parental history of depression, childhood emotional neglect (CEN), childhood physical abuse (CPA) and parent-child relationship. Among the depressed women, those with CSA had an earlier age of onset, longer depressive episodes and an increased risk for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD; OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.39-2.66) and dysthymia (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.52-3.09). CONCLUSIONS: In Chinese women CSA is strongly associated with MD and this association increases with greater severity of CSA. Depressed women with CSA have an earlier age of onset, longer depressive episodes and increased co-morbidity with GAD and dysthymia. Although reporting biases cannot be ruled out, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that, as in Western countries, CSA substantially increases the risk for MD in China.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had an unprecedented impact on global tourism, and the tourism industry has not recovered from the effects of the pandemic in most countries. Previous studies have researched the impact of epidemics on the number of tourists, but research on their impact on the tourism flow network is still limited. This research focuses on Hubei Province as a case study by obtaining tourism flow data for 2019 and 2020. This study used network analysis methods to research the impact of COVID-19 on the tourism flow network and its recovery after the pandemic. The results show that COVID-19 has a substantial short-term impact on tourism flow, with a recovery period of approximately 20 weeks. However, there are differences in recovery in various regions. The tourism flow network in large cities and areas severely affected by the pandemic recovered slowly, while rural and natural scenic spots recovered faster. Simultaneously, the attraction radiuses of tourist destinations shrank significantly, and tourist markets became more concentrated. Meanwhile, destinations in the suburbs, rural areas, and small cities obtained new opportunities in the short term. Finally, this research provides suggestions for the recovery of tourism after the pandemic.

Through the online booking platform, 10,543 big data of spatial and temporal distribution of Beijing hotel industry has been obtained in this paper. Then, the methods of GIS and the geographical detector are used to study the spatiotemporal evolution process and the influencing factors of Beijing hotel industry during 2003-2018. The results are as follows: a. During the period of 2003-2018, the hotel industry in Beijing maintained a high growth rate and had three growth peaks in 2008, 2010 and 2014. Meanwhile, major historical events, such as the Olympic Games had a significant influence on the development of the hotel industry. b. Between 2003 and 2018, the hotel industry in Beijing gradually developed from the centripetal agglomeration to aggregation + diffusion, and also from the single center to the multi-center. Besides, various hotels presented two characteristics of city orientation and scenic orientation. c. The natural geographical environment had shaped the overall pattern and characteristics of the spatial distribution of the hotel industry in Beijing, and the socio-economic factors such as commercial activities, public facilities, tourism services and traffic conditions significantly influenced the location selection of the hotel industry. Therefore, the urban center is the ideal area for the spatial layout of the hotel industry. d. Geographical detector research showed that the factors, such as administrative organs, road network density, leisure and recreational facilities, and companies have strong explanatory power for hotel location selection, which is an important reference index for hotels to select the micro location. This paper is a beneficial supplement to the existing research and has certain guiding significance for the sustainable development of Beijing hotel industry.

This study focused on the impact of high-speed rail construction on the structure of tourist flow networks in typical tourist cities. Through three consecutive questionnaire surveys and online surveys, using Gephi and GIS software to carry out a tracking study of Huangshan City. The results were as follows: (1) After high-speed rail opening and operation, the proportion of tourists within the range of 400–1200 km from the destination kept growing, and the tourist destination attraction radius expanded to about 800 km, which is more than twice than that when there was no high-speed rail. (2) The route arrangement of high-speed rail tourists is more flexible. Meanwhile, partners in tourist cities along the route are increasing, and the “circle” cooperation relationship with a city as the core has been broken, forming a “chain” cooperation structure distributed along the high-speed rail. (3) High-speed rail has an important influence on the function of the tourist flow network node, which significantly enhances the traffic function of cities along the route, but the impact on tourism function is not significant, while the traffic and tourism functions of cities along the non-high-speed rail are gradually declining.