Fatemehsadat Pezeshkian

Abstract Background and aims Home quarantine and physical distancing at the time of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) had a severe effect on the mental health of the populations. Resilience has been reported previously to be a protective factor against anxiety, stress, and depression. This study evaluates the prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety, stress, and perceived stress and their relation with resilience associated with the COVID‐19 pandemic among a sample of the general population in Southern Iran. Methods In this cross‐sectional web‐based survey, from April 12 to May 13, 2020, stress, anxiety, depression, perceived stress, and resilience were measured using the Persian version of Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS‐21), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS‐14), and Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale (CD‐RISC). Statistical analyses were carried out using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) and frequencies were used to describe demographic data. Independent sample t ‐test, Spearman correlation, and the Pearson correlation coefficient were performed to examine anxiety, depression, stress, and resilience. Results Among a total of 538 participants, the overall prevalence of moderate‐to‐extremely severe depression, anxiety, and stress was found to be 26.1%, 33.2%, and 5.8%, respectively. The overall median PSS and resilience score were 30 and 70, respectively. There was a significant association between higher age and perceived stress. Male and high income were related to higher resilience scores. Perceived stress positively correlates with resilience, whereas depression significantly correlates with anxiety and stress. Individuals with underlying disease demonstrated significantly higher scores for depression and anxiety. Also, perceived stress had a significant but weak, positive correlation with age and the number of quarantine days. Conclusion The occurring COVID‐19 pandemic could be the culprit of psychological distress, anxiety, and depression of large population quantities. Our results showed a subordinate overall resilience in the general Iranian population during the COVID‐19 pandemic.

INTRODUCTION: Skin rejuvenation techniques have gained substantial popularity due to increased life expectancy over recent years. Platelet-rich fibrin matrix (PRFM) is the new generation of platelet aggregate products that have surfaced in recent years to treat skin aging. OBJECTIVES: We intend to use PRF to correct periorbital wrinkles in 15 volunteers and evaluate its effectiveness in this study. METHODS: To evaluate the efficacy of PRFM intervention, eight men and women over the age of thirty entered our study. Blood samples were taken and were immediately centrifuged at 700rpm for 5 minutes. PRFM was extracted from the plasma and injected at the sub-dermis site in periorbital areas. The initial severity of periorbital wrinkles was determined by Visioface 1000D, and obtained data were delivered to the statistical unit for statistical analysis. Scoring and evaluation were based on tissue volume and depth and were measured before and twelve weeks after injection. Adverse effects were also taken into consideration. RESULTS: The results demonstrated noticeable improvement in deep, fine, and small wrinkles, periocular hyperpigmentation, and overall skin freshness of the injection site. The subjects had swelling in the injection site for up to one day after the injection, which resolved without complications. CONCLUSIONS: PRFM was observed to have potential in skin rejuvenation, demonstrating promising outcomes in terms of safety and long-term effects in improving skin condition.

laser and microneedling are both efficient treatments to resolve SD. A new light should be shed on the microneedling modality as it is more economical than the other treatment options.

INTRODUCTION: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis, vascular damage, and immune dysregulation. Fractalkine or chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1), a chemokine and adhesion molecule, along with its receptor CX3CR1, have been implicated in the inflammatory processes of SSc. CX3CL1 functions as both a chemoattractant and an adhesion molecule, guiding immune cell trafficking. This systematic review examines the role of CX3CL1 and its receptor CX3CR1 in the pathogenesis of SSc, with a focus on pulmonary and vascular complications. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted across databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to November 2020. The search focused on studies investigating the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in the context of SSc. RESULTS: The review identified elevated CX3CL1 expression in SSc patients, particularly in the skin and lungs, where CX3CR1 is expressed on infiltrating immune cells. Higher levels of CX3CL1 were correlated with the severity of interstitial lung disease in SSc patients, indicating a potential predictive marker for disease progression. CX3CR1-positive monocytes and NK cells were recruited to inflamed tissues, contributing to fibrosis and tissue damage. Animal studies showed that inhibition of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis reduced fibrosis and improved vascular function. CONCLUSION: The CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis plays a key role in immune cell recruitment and fibrosis in SSc. Elevated CX3CL1 levels are associated with lung and vascular complications, making it a potential biomarker for disease progression and a promising therapeutic target.