Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University
ORCID: 0000-0002-6607-530XPublishes on Low-power high-performance VLSI design, Advanced Neural Network Applications, Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture. 4 papers and 88 citations.
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Domino logic circuits have become extremely popular in the design of today's high performance processors because they offer fast switching speeds and reduced areas. However, the use of domino logic introduces many design risks because it is very sensitive to noise, circuit and layout topologies. This paper identifies issues that might cause domino logic circuits to fail, and discusses some possible solutions to alleviate these problems.
As process technology scales down to deep sub-micron and the frequency of a high-performance processor increases beyond 300 MHz, coupling induced signal integrity problems become more severe. Ignoring coupling effects can lead to functional failures or speed degradation. As a result, the traditional approach of repeater insertion driven by propagation delay and slew rate optimization becomes inadequate. The authors propose a design methodology to select optimal repeaters for high-performance processors by considering not only the delay and slew rate, but also crosstalk effects. A concurrent decision diagram (CDD) is further suggested to achieve crosstalk constraints with various trade-offs.
Beamforming antennas have become essential for the growth of high-capacity and energy-efficient wireless communication systems, specifically in 5G and future 6G networks. In 5G, hybrid and digital beamforming facilitate the efficient use of millimeter-wave (mmWave) and sub-6 GHz spectrum, in contrast to 6G, advanced concepts such as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), terahertz (THz) communications, and near-field beamforming are expected to drive unparalleled performance.The present research provides an in-depth review of beamforming techniques employed in both 5G and 6G communication systems. Comparitive analysis are included to show the variations in design, frequency use, performance trade-offs, and developing use cases. The review outlines challenges such as hardware complexity, energy efficiency, and scalability, offering insights into future research areas for achievable beamforming deployment in beyond-5G and 6G systems.