Luyun Liang

Deubiquitinases (DUBs) deconjugate ubiquitin (UBQ) from ubiquitylated substrates to regulate its activity and stability. They are involved in several cellular functions. In addition to the general biological regulation of normal cells, studies have demonstrated their critical roles in various cancers. In this review, we evaluated and grouped the biological roles of DUBs, including proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis, in the most common cancers in the world (liver, breast, prostate, colorectal, pancreatic, and lung cancers). The current findings in these cancers are summarized, and the relevant mechanisms and relationship between DUBs and cancers are discussed. In addition to highlighting the importance of DUBs in cancer biology, this study also provides updated information on the roles of DUBs in different types of cancers.

BACKGROUND Toxocariasis has a wide geographic distribution, with high prevalence in tropical and subtropical regions. Ocular larva migrans is one of the most common manifestations in China and classically presents with peripheral granuloma, posterior granuloma, and chronic endophthalmitis. This report describes an atypical case of ocular toxocariasis in an adolescent male patient, initially misdiagnosed as chronic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. CASE REPORT A 17-year-old male patient presented to our hospital with a 4-month history of progressive vision loss in his right eye, initially misdiagnosed as chronic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, at a nearby facility. Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy identified a tractional retinal detachment accompanied by a granulomatous tubercle above the temporal peripheral retina in his right eye. The diagnosis of ocular toxocariasis was established by aqueous humor analysis, which revealed markedly elevated intraocular anti-Toxocara IgG levels and a significantly increased Goldmann-Witmer coefficient. The patient subsequently underwent scleral buckling, and 532 nm retinal laser photocoagulation 1 day after scleral buckling, resulting in successful anatomical reattachment. However, he developed retinal granulomatous lesions and vitritis 5 months following the surgery. Oral prednisone and albendazole effectively controlled intraocular inflammation and prevented further granulomatous progression. CONCLUSIONS Ocular toxocariasis may present with nonspecific findings, and serology and the Goldmann-Witmer coefficient are crucial for diagnosis. Scleral buckling is recommended for proliferative retinal changes, with adjunctive systemic therapy and long-term follow-up to prevent recurrence and preserve vision.

Although Generation Z in China is an obscure market with respect to their participation in the variety shows through social media platforms, this study attempts to sensitize the power of interactive capabilities to stimulate the participation as well as the real time involvement in Chinese Generation Z to the variety shows. Based on analyzing the articles in WOS and SCOPUS published between 2015 and 2025 using bibliometric data, essential trends in user motifs, media consumption, and their preferences regarding the platforms are localized. According to the results of the survey, the main reasons that induce the Gen Z population to watch variety shows on social networks are entertainment, socialization, and self-expression. Also, the paper notes the important role of user-generated content (UGC) and engagement mechanisms working in real-time (voting, commenting, and so on) in increasing user involvement and interaction. The analysis further proves that although young people both in China and western cultures are driven by similar motivations, there was still a strong difference in platform preference and content immersion in that Chinese platforms such as Douyin, Weibo, and Bilibili are more interactive than TikTok and Instagram. The paper can add to the knowledge of how social media platforms and variety show producers may become more attuned to the Gen Z behavior and offer insights into the theoretical implementation of Uses-and-Gratifications (U&G) theory into the environment of digital entertainment.