Amirabbas Monazzami

The present study aimed to determine the effect of low-intensity training with blood flow restriction (BFR) on the response rate of anabolic hormones. Forty healthy and untrained young men, aged 18 to 25 years old, were randomly divided into five groups: one session of BFR training (BFR1), two sessions of BFR training (BFR2), one session of resistance training without BFR (WBFR1), two sessions of resistance training without BFR (WBFR2), and the control group (without training). BFR groups had three sets of 20 repetitions with 20-30% 1RM, and none-BFR groups had three sets of 10 repetitions with 70-80% 1RM for six weeks. Both BFR1 and WBFR1 groups trained 3day a week (1 session in a day and three sessions a week), BFR2 and WBFR2 groups trained three days a week (but two sessions a day and six sessions in a week) and Control group did not perform any training. The mean changes in growth hormone(GH), testosterone(TS), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) hormones were determined by ELISA technique before, after a first training session and after six weeks of the training program. To the analysis of data, two way repeated measures ANOVA at a significant level of P<0.05 also were used. The results showed a significant increase in GH levels in each of the four training groups as compared with the pre-test and the control group after a first training session and after six weeks of the training program (P<0.05). There was no significant increase in TS levels in each of the four training groups, as compared with the pre-test and the control group in both acute and chronic TS response (P>0.05). Only the WBFR1 group did not significantly increase in VEGF levels after the first training session (P>0.05). In chronic VEGF response, there were no significant changes observed in all training groups as compared with the control group(P>0.05). Despite the effectiveness of low-intensity BFR training, such as high-intensity resistance training on hormonal responses, two sessions per day training with the same volume does not necessarily result in larger responses in all hormones than one session per day training.

Abstract Background Studies have revealed that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has beneficial effect on hormonal, cardiovascular indices in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). There, however, is still no comprehensive data on the type, intensity and duration of training for these women. Objective The current study aimed to investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on metabolic, hormonal and cardiovascular indices in women with PCOS compared to a control group. Methods In a randomized controlled study, 28 patients (age: 23.8 ± 5.3 years, weight: 82.4 ± 9.7 kg, BMI: 30.33 ± 3.99 kg/m 2 ) were divided into two groups including HIIT (n = 14) and the control (n = 14). The training protocol was performed with 100–110 maximum aerobic velocity (MAV), 4–6 sets, 4 laps, 3 sessions per week for eight weeks. Anthropometric indices, aerobic performance, insulin resistance and sensitivity, lipid profiles, testosterone, cortisol and hs-CRP were evaluated. Results The HIIT intervention decreased BMI, waist to hip ratio (WHR), visceral fat, insulin, insulin resistance, low density lipoprotein (LDL), atherogenic index, cholesterol and cortisol ( P < 0.05). All variables remained unchanged in the control group ( P > 0.05). Except for VAI, FBG, HDL, TG and AIP, the rest of the variables in the training and control groups show a significant difference ( P < 0.05). Conclusion The results of the present study indicate that eight weeks of HIIT has beneficial effects on anthropometric, insulin sensitivity, fat profile, and inflammatory and cardiovascular indices in PCOS patients. It seems that the intensity of HIIT (100–110 MAV) is a determining factor in creating optimal adaptations in PCOS patients. Trail registration : IRCT20130812014333N143. Registration date: 22/03/2020. URL: https://en.irct.ir/trial/46295 .

Recently, the use of various high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) that have quick recovery periods are of great importance. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the acute effect of HIIT training on the serum levels of inflammatory and muscle damage indices in overweight middle-aged men, as well as the kinetics of these markers at 1, 24, and 48 h after HIIT training. Twenty-two middle-aged men (40–60 years, BMI 25–30 kg/m2) were divided into two training (n=12) and control (n=10) groups. The HIIT training program consisted of running on treadmill for 30 s with an intensity of 100% maximum aerobic speed (MAV), 30 s active recovery with 50% aerobic speed (4 sets, 4 repetitions and 5 min of rest between each round). Cortisol, IL-6, CRP, ALT, AST, CPK and LDH were evaluated in pre-test, one- hour, 24 and 48 h after HIIT training. Except for the CRP variable, Cortisol, IL-6, CPK, LDH, ALT and AST had a significant increase in one- hour after HIIT compared to the pre-test (P<0.05). Also, IL-6 and CPK variables had a significant increase in 24 h and only CPK had a significant increase in 48 h after HIIT training compared to pre-test (P<0.05). Overall, due to long rest intervals and low activity time during HIIT, inflammatory responses and muscle damage are not severe. The recovery periods of inflammatory and muscle damage markers are faster, so this type of response can be considered an advantage for overweight middle-aged men.

BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity are associated with cardiometabolic risk in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Lifestyle adjustment, such as increasing physical activity, is a first-line strategy to treat PCOS. The current study aims to compare and examine the effect of high intensity intermittent training (HIIT) and combined (COM) training on some anthropometric indices and aerobic performance in PCOS females. MATERIALS AND METHODS: were measured at the baseline at the eighth week. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test. Tukey post hoc tests were used to compare the pair differences. RESULTS: increased significantly after COM and HIIT interventions relative to the control group (P=0.001); however, HIIT was statically more effective than COM (P=0.011). CONCLUSION: The current study revealed that both HIIT and COM trainings could be beneficial in improving some anthropometric indices in addition to aerobic capacity, although HIIT was more effective on aerobic performance (registration number: IRCT20130812014333N143).

Background: In recent years, several studies have shown the association between exercise and decreased risk of mortality in patients with breast cancer. However, the effects of combined resistance and endurance training on salivary Interleukin-12 (IL-12), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), Cortisol, and Testosterone levels in patients with breast cancer have not been investigated. Objectives: This study aimed at determining the effect of 8 weeks of combined resistance and endurance training on salivary IL-12, TNF-α, Cortisol, and Testosterone levels in women with breast cancer. Methods: Forty-two postmenopausal women with breast cancer were randomly selected and divided into training (intervention) and control groups. The training group performed resistance training with 2 to 3 sets, 10 to 18 repetitions, 50 to 70% 1 repetition maximum (1RM), and aerobic exercise with 50 to 70% maximum heart rate (maxHR) (12-14 degrees borg scale) for 20 to 40 minutes for 8 weeks. The salivary IL-12, TNF-α, cortisol, and testosterone levels were measured, using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Two-way analysis of variance repeated measure was also used to analyze variance with the confidence interval of 95%. Results: In the training group, there was a significant decrease in salivary TNF-α levels, cortisol, TNF-α/IL-12 ratio, and variables of weight, fat percentage, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (P &lt; 0.05). Also, the results showed a significant increase in salivary testosterone and testosterone/cortisol ratio in the intervention group (P &lt; 0.05). However, no significant changes were observed in the interaction between-group and time in IL-12 and waist–hip ratio (WHR) values (P &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: The results indicate that resistance and endurance training could be used as a useful method to improve salivary pro-inflammatory factors and hormonal levels in patients with breast cancer. Medical oncologists can underline a resistance and endurance training program for patients with breast cancer under their care.