Natural Product with Potential Effect on Liver Cirrhosis: A Review

Abstract

A common end-stage consequence of long-term chronic liver illnesses, liver cirrhosis is characterised by severe distortion of normal liver architecture and widespread hepatic fibrosis, which leads to the development of structurally unusual regenerating nodules. The majority of cirrhosis-related problems are caused by portal hypertension (PH), one of the first and most clinically severe effects of the disease. PH is mostly brought on by an increase in portal and hepatic arterial blood flow, as well as increased intrahepatic vascular resistance brought on by fibrotic remodelling and angio-architectural alterations inside the liver. After this stage, which denotes the change from compensated to decompensated cirrhosis, extra-hepatic variables become increasingly important in the development of portal hypertension. Over the past 20 years, there have been major improvements in the treatment of cirrhosis-related comorbidities, and as a result, HCC has become one of the main causes of death for cirrhosis patients. The reversibility of established cirrhosis is still unknown, despite the fact that fibrosis regression is well documented in pre-cirrhotic phases. As a result, the main goals of antifibrotic treatments should be to lower fibrosis, improve portal hypertension, and stop HCC from developing.