Pd‐Doped Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanoarray for Efficient Eight‐Electron Nitrate Electrocatalytic Reduction to Ammonia Synthesis

Xiaoya Fan(University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), Chaozhen Liu(Southeast University), Zixiao Li(University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), Zhengwei Cai(Shandong Normal University), Ling Ouyang(University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), Zerong Li(University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), Xun He(University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), Yongsong Luo(University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), Dongdong Zheng(University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), Shengjun Sun(Shandong Normal University), Yan Wang(University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), Binwu Ying(University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), Qian Liu(Chengdu University), Asmaa Farouk(King Khalid University), Mohamed S. Hamdy(King Khalid University), Feng Gong(Southeast University), Xuping Sun(University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), Xuping Sun(University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), Yinyuan Zheng(Huzhou University)
Small
June 17, 2023
10.1002/smll.202303424
Cited by 109

Abstract

Abstract Ammonia (NH 3 ) is an indispensable feedstock for fertilizer production and one of the most ideal green hydrogen rich fuel. Electrochemical nitrate (NO 3 − ) reduction reaction (NO 3 − RR) is being explored as a promising strategy for green to synthesize industrial‐scale NH 3 , which has nonetheless involved complex multi‐reaction process. This work presents a Pd‐doped Co 3 O 4 nanoarray on titanium mesh (Pd‐Co 3 O 4 /TM) electrode for highly efficient and selective electrocatalytic NO 3 − RR to NH 3 at low onset potential. The well‐designed Pd‐Co 3 O 4 /TM delivers a large NH 3 yield of 745.6 µmol h −1 cm −2 and an extremely high Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 98.7% at −0.3 V with strong stability. These calculations further indicate that the doping Co 3 O 4 with Pd improves the adsorption characteristic of Pd‐Co 3 O 4 and optimizes the free energies for intermediates, thereby facilitating the kinetics of the reaction. Furthermore, assembling this catalyst in a Zn‐NO 3 − battery realizes a power density of 3.9 mW cm −2 and an excellent FE of 98.8% for NH 3 .

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