National, sub-national, and risk-attributed burden of thyroid cancer in Iran from 1990 to 2019

Mohammadreza Azangou‐Khyavy(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Negar Rezaei(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Zahra Esfahani(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Nazila Rezaei(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Sina Azadnajafabad(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Mohammad‐Mahdi Rashidi(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Esmaeil Mohammadi(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), GBD 2019 Iran Thyroid Cancer Collaborators(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Mohammadreza Azangou‐Khyavy(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Negar Rezaei(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Zahra Esfahani(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Nazila Rezaei(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Sina Azadnajafabad(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Mohammad‐Mahdi Rashidi(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Esmaeil Mohammadi(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Mohsen Abbasi‐Kangevari(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Hassan Abolhassani(Karolinska University Hospital), Sepideh Ahmadi(Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences), Ali Ahmadi(Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences), Saeed Amini(Golestan University), Fazel Isapanah Amlashi(Iran University of Medical Sciences), Ali Arash Anoushirvani(Iran University of Medical Sciences), Jalal Arabloo(Zanjan University of Medical Sciences), Seyyed Shamsadin Athari(Zanjan University of Medical Sciences), Amirhossein Azari Jafari(Golestan University), Sima Besharat(Golestan University), Ali Bijani(Babol University of Medical Sciences), Ahmad Daryani(Maastricht University), Mostafa Dianatinasab(Arak University of Medical Sciences), Mojtaba Didehdar(Isfahan University of Medical Sciences), Ali Fatehizadeh(Isfahan University of Medical Sciences), Seyyed‐Hadi Ghamari(Qazvin University of Medical Sciences), Ahmad Ghashghaee(Qazvin University of Medical Sciences), Pouya Goleij(Arak University of Medical Sciences), Mohamad Golitaleb(Arak University of Medical Sciences), Nima Hafezi‐Nejad(Johns Hopkins University), Arvin Haj‐Mirzaian(Guilan University of Medical Sciences), Soheil Hassanipour(Iran University of Medical Sciences), Ali Kabir(Iran University of Medical Sciences), Maryam Keramati(Mashhad University of Medical Sciences), Rovshan Khalilov(Moscow State Pedagogical University), Maryam Khayamzadeh(Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences), Ali‐Asghar Kolahi(Children's Medical Center), Farzad Kompani(Children's Medical Center), Hamid Reza Koohestani(Golestan University), Somayeh Livani(Golestan University), Soleiman Mahjoub(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Mohammad‐Reza Malekpour(Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences), Narges Malih(Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences), Borhan Mansouri(Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences), Entezar Mehrabi Nasab(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Seyyedmohammadsadeq Mirmoeeni(Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences), Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani(Mashhad University of Medical Sciences), Reza Mohammadpourhodki(Mashhad University of Medical Sciences), Sara Momtazmanesh(Guilan University of Medical Sciences), Mohammadreza Naghipour(Guilan University of Medical Sciences), Houshang Najafi(Arak University of Medical Sciences), Javad Nazari(Arak University of Medical Sciences), Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi(Iran University of Medical Sciences), Maryam Noori(Iran University of Medical Sciences), Ali Nowroozi(Iran University of Medical Sciences), Fatemeh Pashazadeh Kan(University of Padua), Raffaele Pezzani(University of Padua), Sima Rafiei(Qazvin University of Medical Sciences), Samira Raoofi(Sirjan University of Technology), Mohammad Sadegh Razeghinia(Sirjan University of Technology), Maryam Rezaei(Iran University of Medical Sciences), Saeid Rezaei(Iran University of Medical Sciences), Nima Rezaei(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Sahba Rezazadeh-Khadem(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Farhad Saeedi(Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences), Maryam Sahebazzamani(Mashhad University of Medical Sciences), Amirhossein Sahebkar(Mashhad University of Medical Sciences), Saeed Shahabi(Shiraz University of Medical Sciences), Javad Sharifi‐Rad(Johns Hopkins University), Sara Sheikhbahaei(Johns Hopkins University), Reza Shirkoohi(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Parnian Shobeiri(Iran University of Medical Sciences), Rohollah Valizadeh(Iran University of Medical Sciences), Iman Zare(Shariati Hospital), Seyed Mohammad Tavangar(Shariati Hospital), Hamidreza Jamshidi(University of Washington), Ali H. Mokdad(University of Washington), Mohsen Naghavi(University of Washington), Farshad Farzadfar(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Bagher Larijani(Shariati Hospital), Seyed Mohammad Tavangar(Shariati Hospital), Hamidreza Jamshidi(University of Washington), Ali H. Mokdad(University of Washington), Mohsen Naghavi(University of Washington), Farshad Farzadfar(Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Bagher Larijani(Tehran University of Medical Sciences)
Scientific Reports
August 2, 2022
10.1038/s41598-022-17115-0
Cited by 14Open Access
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Abstract

An updated exploration of the burden of thyroid cancer across a country is always required for making correct decisions. The objective of this study is to present the thyroid cancer burden and attributed burden to the high Body Mass Index (BMI) in Iran at national and sub-national levels from 1990 to 2019. The data was obtained from the GBD 2019 study estimates. To explain the pattern of changes in incidence from 1990 to 2019, decomposition analysis was conducted. Besides, the attribution of high BMI in the thyroid cancer DALYs and deaths were obtained. The age-standardized incidence rate of thyroid cancer was 1.57 (95% UI: 1.33-1.86) in 1990 and increased 131% (53-191) until 2019. The age-standardized prevalence rate of thyroid cancer was 30.19 (18.75-34.55) in 2019 which increased 164% (77-246) from 11.44 (9.38-13.85) in 1990. In 2019, the death rate, and Disability-adjusted life years of thyroid cancer was 0.49 (0.36-0.53), and 13.16 (8.93-14.62), respectively. These numbers also increased since 1990. The DALYs and deaths attributable to high BMI was 1.91 (0.95-3.11) and 0.07 (0.04-0.11), respectively. The thyroid cancer burden and high BMI attributed burden has increased from 1990 to 2019 in Iran. This study and similar studies' results can be used for accurate resource allocation for efficient management and all potential risks' modification for thyroid cancer with a cost-conscious view.

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