Advanced LIGO
J. Aasi(California Institute of Technology), B. P. Abbott(California Institute of Technology), R. Abbott(California Institute of Technology), T. D. Abbott(Louisiana State University), M. R. Abernathy(California Institute of Technology), K. Ackley(University of Florida), C. Adams(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), T. Adams(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), P. Addesso(University of Sannio), R. X. Adhikari(California Institute of Technology), V. B. Adya(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), C. Affeldt(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), N. Aggarwal(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), O. D. Aguiar(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais), A. Ain(Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics), P Ajith(Tata Institute of Fundamental Research), A. Alemic(Syracuse University), B. Allen(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), D. Amariutei(University of Florida), S. B. Anderson(California Institute of Technology), W. G. Anderson(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), K. Arai(California Institute of Technology), M. C. Araya(California Institute of Technology), C. C. Arceneaux(University of Mississippi), J. S. Areeda(California State University, Fullerton), G. Ashton(University of Southampton), S. Ast(Leibniz University Hannover), S. M. Aston(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), P. Aufmuth(Leibniz University Hannover), C. Aulbert(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), B. E. Aylott(University of Birmingham), S Babak(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), P. T. Baker(Montana State University), S. W. Ballmer(Syracuse University), J. C. Barayoga(California Institute of Technology), M. Barbet(University of Florida), S. Barclay(University of Glasgow), B. C. Barish(California Institute of Technology), D. Barker, B. Barr(University of Glasgow), L. Barsotti(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), J. Bartlett, M. A. Barton, I. Bartos(Columbia University), R. Bassiri(Stanford University), J. C. Batch, C. Baune(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), B. Behnke(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), A. S. Bell(University of Glasgow), C. Bell(University of Glasgow), M. Benacquista(Brownsville Public Library), J. Bergman, G. Bergmann(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), C. P. L. Berry(University of Birmingham), J. Betzwieser(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), S. Bhagwat(Syracuse University), R. Bhandare(Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology), I. A. Bilenko(Lomonosov Moscow State University), G. Billingsley(California Institute of Technology), J. Birch(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), Sébastien Biscans(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), C. Biwer(Syracuse University), J. K. Blackburn(California Institute of Technology), Lindy Blackburn(Goddard Space Flight Center), C. D. Blair(The University of Western Australia), D. G. Blair(The University of Western Australia), O. Bock(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), T. P. Bodiya(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), P. Bojtos(Eötvös Loránd University), C. Bond(University of Birmingham), R. Bork(California Institute of Technology), M. Born(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), S. Bose(Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics), P. R. Brady(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), V. B. Braginsky(Lomonosov Moscow State University), J. Brau(University of Oregon), D. O. Bridges(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), M. Brinkmann(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), A. F. Brooks(California Institute of Technology), D. Brown(Syracuse University), D. Brown(Syracuse University), N. M. Brown(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Saps Buchman(Stanford University), A. Buikema(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), A. Buonanno(University of Maryland, College Park), L. Cadonati(University of Massachusetts Amherst), J. Calderón Bustillo(Universitat de les Illes Balears), J. B. Camp(Goddard Space Flight Center), K. C. Cannon(University of Toronto), J. Cao(Tsinghua University), C. D. Capano(University of Maryland, College Park), S. Caride(University of Michigan), S. Caudill(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), M. Cavaglià(University of Mississippi), C. Cepeda(California Institute of Technology), R. Chakraborty(California Institute of Technology), T. Chalermsongsak(California Institute of Technology), S. J. Chamberlin(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), S. Chao(National Tsing Hua University), P. Charlton(Charles Sturt University), Y Chen(California Institute of Technology), H S Cho(Pusan National University), M Cho(University of Maryland, College Park), J. H. Chow(Australian National University), N. Christensen(Carleton College), Q. Chu(The University of Western Australia), S. Chung(The University of Western Australia), G. Ciani(University of Florida), F. Clara, J. A. Clark(University of Massachusetts Amherst), Christophe Collette, L. Cominsky(Sonoma State University), M. Constancio(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais), D. Cook, T. R. Corbitt(Louisiana State University), Neil J. Cornish(Montana State University), A. Corsi(Texas Tech University), C. A. Costa(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais), M. W. Coughlin(Carleton College), S. T. Countryman(Columbia University), P. Couvares(Syracuse University), D. M. Coward(The University of Western Australia), M. J. Cowart(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), D. C. Coyne(California Institute of Technology), R. Coyne(Texas Tech University), K. Craig(University of Glasgow), J. D. E. Creighton(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), J. D. E. Creighton(Brownsville Public Library), J. Cripe(Louisiana State University), S. G. Crowder(University of Minnesota), A. Cumming(University of Glasgow), L. Cunningham(University of Glasgow), Curt Cutler(California Institute of Technology), K. Dahl(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), T. Dal Canton(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), M. Damjanic(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), S. L. Danilishin(The University of Western Australia), K. Danzmann(Leibniz University Hannover), L. P. Dartez(Brownsville Public Library), I. Dave(Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology), H. Daveloza(Brownsville Public Library), G. S. Davies(University of Glasgow), E. J. Daw(University of Sheffield), D. DeBra(Stanford University), W. Del Pozzo(University of Birmingham), T. Denker(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), T. Dent(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), V. Dergachev(California Institute of Technology), R. T. DeRosa(Louisiana State University), R. DeSalvo(University of Sannio), S. Dhurandhar(Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics), M D ́ıaz(Brownsville Public Library), I. Di Palma(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), G. Dojcinoski(Montclair State University), E. Dominguez, F. Donovan(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), K. L. Dooley(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), S. Doravari(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), R. Douglas(University of Glasgow), T. P. Downes(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), J. C. Driggers(California Institute of Technology), Zhihui Du(Tsinghua University), S. E. Dwyer, T. Eberle(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), T. Edo(University of Sheffield), M. C. Edwards(Carleton College), M. C. Edwards(Carleton College), A. Effler(Louisiana State University), H.‐B. Eggenstein(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), P. Ehrens(California Institute of Technology), J. Eichholz(University of Florida), S. S. Eikenberry(University of Florida), R. C. Essick(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), T. Etzel(California Institute of Technology), M. Evans(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), T. Evans(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), M. Factourovich(Columbia University), S. Fairhurst(Cardiff University), X. Fan(University of Glasgow), Q. Fang(The University of Western Australia), B. Farr(Northwestern University), Will M. Farr(University of Birmingham), M. Favata(Montclair State University), M. Fays(Cardiff University), H. Fehrmann(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), M. M. Fejer(Stanford University), D. Feldbaum(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), E. C. Ferreira(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais), R. P. Fisher(Syracuse University), Z. Frei(Eötvös Loránd University), A. Freise(University of Birmingham), R. Frey(University of Oregon), T. T. Fricke(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), P. Fritschel(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), В. В. Фролов(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), S. Fuentes-Tapia(Brownsville Public Library), P. Fulda(University of Florida), M. Fyffe(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), J. R. Gair(University of Cambridge), S. G. Gaonkar(Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics), N. Gehrels(Goddard Space Flight Center), L. Gergely(University of Szeged), J. A. Giaime(Louisiana State University), K. D. Giardina(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), J. Gleason(University of Florida), E. Goetz(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), E. Goetz(University of Florida), L. Gondán(Eötvös Loránd University), G. González(Louisiana State University), Neil Gordon(University of Glasgow), M. L. Gorodetsky(Lomonosov Moscow State University), S. E. Gossan(California Institute of Technology), S. Goßler(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), Christian Gräf(University of Glasgow), P. B. Graff(Goddard Space Flight Center), A. Grant(University of Glasgow), S. Gras(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), C. Gray, R. J. S. Greenhalgh(Rutherford Appleton Laboratory), A. M. Gretarsson(Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University), H. Grote(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), S. Grünewald(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), C. Guido(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), X. Guo(Tsinghua University), K. Gushwa(California Institute of Technology), E. K. Gustafson(California Institute of Technology), R. Gustafson(University of Michigan), J. Hacker(California State University, Fullerton), E. D. Hall(California Institute of Technology), G. Hammond(University of Glasgow), M. M. Hanke(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), J. Hanks, C. Hanna(Pennsylvania State University), M. D. Hannam(Cardiff University), J. Hanson(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), T. Hardwick(Louisiana State University), I. W. Harry(American University), I. W. Harry(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), M. J. Hart(University of Glasgow), M. T. Hartman(University of Florida), C-J Haster(University of Birmingham), K. Haughian(University of Glasgow), S. Hee(University of Cambridge), M. C. Heintze(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), Gerhard Heinzel(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), M. Hendry(University of Glasgow), I. S. Heng(University of Glasgow), A. W. Heptonstall(California Institute of Technology), M. Heurs(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), M. Hewitson(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), S. Hild(University of Glasgow), D. Hoak(University of Massachusetts Amherst), K. A. Hodge(California Institute of Technology), S. E. Hollitt(The University of Adelaide), K. Holt(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), Philip F. Hopkins(Cardiff University), D. J. Hosken(The University of Adelaide), J. Hough(University of Glasgow), E. A. Houston(University of Glasgow), E. J. Howell(The University of Western Australia), Yi-Ming Hu(University of Glasgow), E. A. Huerta(West Virginia University), B. Hughey(Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University), S. Husa(Universitat de les Illes Balears), S. H. Huttner(University of Glasgow), M. Huynh(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), T. Huynh–Dinh(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), A. Idrisy(Pennsylvania State University), N. Indik(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), D. R. Ingram, R. Inta(Pennsylvania State University), G. Islas(California State University, Fullerton), J. Isler(Syracuse University), T. Isogai(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), B. R. Iyer(Raman Research Institute), K. Izumi, M. Jacobson(California Institute of Technology), H. Jang(Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information), S. Jawahar(University of Strathclyde), Y. Ji(Tsinghua University), L. A. Forte(Universitat de les Illes Balears), W. W. Johnson(Louisiana State University), D. I. Jones(University of Southampton), R Jones(University of Glasgow), L. Ju(The University of Western Australia), K. Haris(Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram), V. Kalogera(Northwestern University), S. Kandhasamy(University of Mississippi), G. Kang(Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information), J. B. Kanner(California Institute of Technology), E. Katsavounidis(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), W. Katzman(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), H. Kaufer(Leibniz University Hannover), S. Kaufer(Leibniz University Hannover), T. Kaur(The University of Western Australia), K. Kawabe, F. Kawazoe(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), G. M. Keiser(Stanford University), D. Keitel(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), D. B. Kelley(Syracuse University), W. Kells(California Institute of Technology), D. G. Keppel(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), J. S. Key(Brownsville Public Library), A. Khalaidovski(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), F. Y. Khalili(Lomonosov Moscow State University), Е. А. Хазанов(Institute of Applied Physics), Chunglee Kim(Seoul National University), K Kim(Hanyang University), N G Kim(Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information), N Kim(Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information), Y.-M Kim(Pusan National University), E. J. King(The University of Adelaide), Peter King, D. L. Kinzel(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), J. S. Kissel, S. Klimenko(University of Florida), J. Kline(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), S. M. Koehlenbeck(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), K. Kokeyama(Louisiana State University), V. Kondrashov(California Institute of Technology), M. Korobko(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), W. Z. Korth(California Institute of Technology), D. B. Kozak(California Institute of Technology), V. Kringel(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), B. Krishnan(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), C. Krueger(Leibniz University Hannover), A. Królak(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), A. Kumar(Institute for Plasma Research), P. Kumar(Syracuse University), L. Kuo(National Tsing Hua University), M. Landry, B. Lantz(Stanford University), Shane L. Larson(Northwestern University), P. D. Lasky(The University of Melbourne), A. Lazzarini(California Institute of Technology), C. Lazzaro(University of Massachusetts Amherst), J. Le(Northwestern University), P. Leaci(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), S. Leavey(University of Glasgow), E. O. Lebigot(Tsinghua University), Chang‐Hwan Lee(Pusan National University), H. K. Lee(Seoul National University), Hyung Mok Lee(Seoul National University), J. R. Leong(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), Y. Levin(Monash University), B. M. Levine, J. B. Lewis(California Institute of Technology), T. G. F. Li(California Institute of Technology), Kenneth G. Libbrecht(California Institute of Technology), A. Libson(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), A. C. Lin(Stanford University), T. B. Littenberg(Northwestern University), N. A. Lockerbie(University of Strathclyde), V. Lockett(California State University, Fullerton), J. Logue(University of Glasgow), A. L. Lombardi(University of Massachusetts Amherst), M. Lormand(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), J. D. Lough(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), M. J. Lubinski, H Lück(Leibniz University Hannover), A. P. Lundgren(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), Ryan S. Lynch(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Y. Ma(The University of Western Australia), J. Macarthur(University of Glasgow), T. MacDonald(Stanford University), B. Machenschalk(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), M. MacInnis(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), D. M. Macleod(Louisiana State University), F. Magaña‐Sandoval(Syracuse University), R. M. Magee(Washington State University), M. Mageswaran(California Institute of Technology), C. Maglione, K. Mailand(California Institute of Technology), Ilya Mandel(University of Birmingham), V. Mandic(University of Minnesota), V. Mangano(University of Glasgow), G. L. Mansell(Australian National University), Szabolcs Márka(Columbia University), Z. Márka(Columbia University), A. S. Markosyan(Stanford University), E. Maros(California Institute of Technology), I. W. Martin(University of Glasgow), R. M. Martin(University of Florida), Д. В. Мартынов(California Institute of Technology), J. N. Marx(California Institute of Technology), K. Mason(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), T. J. Massinger(Syracuse University), F. Matichard(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), L. Matone(Columbia University), N. Mavalvala(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), N. Mazumder(Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram), G. Mazzolo(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), R. McCarthy, D. E. McClelland(Australian National University), S. McCormick(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), S. C. McGuire(Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College), G. McIntyre(California Institute of Technology), J. McIver(University of Massachusetts Amherst), K. McLin(Sonoma State University), S. T. McWilliams(West Virginia University), G. D. Meadors(University of Michigan), M. Meinders(Leibniz University Hannover), A. Melatos(The University of Melbourne), G. Mendell, R. A. Mercer(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), S. Meshkov(California Institute of Technology), C. Messenger(University of Glasgow), P. M. Meyers(University of Minnesota), H. Miao(University of Birmingham), H. Middleton(University of Birmingham), Е. Е. Михайлов(William & Mary), A. L. Miller(Abilene Christian University), J. M. Mïller(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), M. Millhouse(Montana State University), J. Ming(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), S. Mirshekari(ICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research), C. Mishra(Tata Institute of Fundamental Research), S. Mitra(Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics), O. Miyakawa(Lomonosov Moscow State University), G. Mitselmakher(University of Florida), R. Mittleman(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), B. Moe(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), Soumya D. Mohanty(Brownsville Public Library), S. R. P. Mohapatra(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), B. C. Moore(Montclair State University), D. Moraru, G. Moreno, S. R. Morriss(Brownsville Public Library), K. Mossavi(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), C. M. Mow–Lowry(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), C. Mueller(University of Florida), G. Mueller(University of Florida), Suvodip Mukherjee(Brownsville Public Library), A. Mullavey(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), J. Münch(The University of Adelaide), D. Murphy(Columbia University), P. G. Murray(University of Glasgow), A. Mytidis(University of Florida), T. Nash(California Institute of Technology), R. K. Nayak(Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata), V. Necula(University of Florida), K. Nedkova(University of Massachusetts Amherst), G. Newton(University of Glasgow), T. Nguyen(Australian National University), A. B. Nielsen(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), S. Nissanke(California Institute of Technology), A. Nitz(Syracuse University), D. Nolting(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), M. E. N. Normandin(Brownsville Public Library), L. K. Nuttall(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), E. Ochsner(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), J. O’Dell(Rutherford Appleton Laboratory), E. Oelker(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), G. H. Ogin(Whitman College), J. J. Oh(National Institute for Mathematical Sciences), S. H. Oh(National Institute for Mathematical Sciences), F. Ohme(Cardiff University), P. Oppermann(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), Richard J. Oram(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), B. O’Reilly(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), W. Ortega, R. O’Shaughnessy(Rochester Institute of Technology), C. Osthelder(California Institute of Technology), C. D. Ott(California Institute of Technology), D. J. Ottaway(The University of Adelaide), R. S. Ottens(University of Florida), H. Overmier(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), B. J. Owen(Pennsylvania State University), C Padilla(California State University, Fullerton), A. Pai(Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram), S. A. Pai(Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology), Oleg Palashov(Institute of Applied Physics), A. Pal‐Singh(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), H. Pan(National Tsing Hua University), C. Pankow(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), F. Pannarale(Cardiff University), B. C. Pant(Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology), M. A. Papa(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), H. Paris(Stanford University), Z. Patrick(Stanford University), M. Pedraza(California Institute of Technology), L. Pekowsky(Syracuse University), A. Pele, S Penn(Hobart and William Smith Colleges), A. Perreca(Syracuse University), M. Phelps(California Institute of Technology), V. Pierro(University of Sannio), I. M. Pinto(University of Sannio), M. Pitkin(University of Glasgow), J. Poeld(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), A. Post(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), A. K. Poteomkin(Institute of Applied Physics), J. Powell(University of Glasgow), J. Prasad(Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics), V. Predoi(Cardiff University), S. Premachandra(Monash University), T. Prestegard(University of Minnesota), L. R. Price(California Institute of Technology), M. Principe(University of Sannio), S. Privitera(California Institute of Technology), R. Prix(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), L. Prokhorov(Lomonosov Moscow State University), O. Puncken(Brownsville Public Library), M. Pürrer(Cardiff University), J. Qin(The University of Western Australia), V. Quetschke(Brownsville Public Library), E. A. Quintero(California Institute of Technology), G. Quiroga, R. Quitzow-James(University of Oregon), F. J. Raab, D. S. Rabeling(Australian National University), H. Radkins, P. Raffai(Eötvös Loránd University), S. Raja(Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology), G Rajalakshmi(Tata Institute of Fundamental Research), M. Rakhmanov(Brownsville Public Library), K. Ramirez(Brownsville Public Library), V. Raymond(California Institute of Technology), C. M. Reed, S. Reid(University of the West of Scotland), D. H. Reitze(California Institute of Technology), Oscar Reula, K. Riles(University of Michigan), N. A. Robertson(California Institute of Technology), R. Robie(University of Glasgow), J. G. Rollins(California Institute of Technology), V. J. Roma(University of Oregon), R. Romano(Brownsville Public Library), G. Romanov(William & Mary), J. H. Romie(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), S. Rowan(University of Glasgow), A. Rüdiger(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), K. Ryan, S. Sachdev(California Institute of Technology), T. Sadecki, L. Sadeghian(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), M. Saleem(Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram), F. Salemi(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), L. Sammut(The University of Melbourne), V. Sandberg, J. R. Sanders(University of Michigan), V. Sannibale(California Institute of Technology), I. Santiago-Prieto(University of Glasgow), B. S. Sathyaprakash(Cardiff University), P. R. Saulson(Syracuse University), R. L. Savage, A. Sawadsky(Leibniz University Hannover), Jacob Scheuer(Northwestern University), R. Schilling(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), P. Schmidt(California Institute of Technology), R. Schnabel(Universität Hamburg), R. M. S. Schofield(University of Oregon), E. Schreiber(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), D. Schuette(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), B. F. Schutz(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), J. Scott(University of Glasgow), S. M. Scott(Australian National University), D. Sellers(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), A. S. Sengupta(Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar), A. M. Sergeev(Institute of Applied Physics), G. Serna(California State University, Fullerton), A. Sêvigny, D. A. Shaddock(Australian National University), M. S. Shahriar(Northwestern University), M. Shaltev(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), Zili Shao(California Institute of Technology), B. Shapiro(Stanford University), P. Shawhan(University of Maryland, College Park), D. H. Shoemaker(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), T. L. Sidery(University of Birmingham), X. Siemens(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), D. Sigg, A D Silva(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais), D. Simakov(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), A. Singer(California Institute of Technology), L. Singer(California Institute of Technology), R. Singh(Louisiana State University), A. M. Sintes(Universitat de les Illes Balears), B. J. J. Slagmolen(Australian National University), J. R. Smith(California State University, Fullerton), M. Smith(California Institute of Technology), R. J. E. Smith(California Institute of Technology), N. D. Smith-Lefebvre(California Institute of Technology), E. J. Son(National Institute for Mathematical Sciences), B. Sorazu(University of Glasgow), T. Souradeep(Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics), A. Staley(Columbia University), J. Stebbins(Stanford University), M. Steinke(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), J. Steinlechner(University of Glasgow), S. Steinlechner(University of Glasgow), D. Steinmeyer(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), B. C. Stephens(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), S. Steplewski(Washington State University), S. P. Stevenson(University of Birmingham), R. Stone(Brownsville Public Library), K. A. Strain(University of Glasgow), S. Strigin(Lomonosov Moscow State University), R. Sturani(ICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research), A. L. Stuver(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), T. Z. Summerscales(Andrews University), P. J. Sutton(Cardiff University), M. Szczepanczyk(Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University), G. Szeifert(Eötvös Loránd University), D. Talukder(University of Oregon), D. B. Tanner(University of Florida), M. Tápai(University of Szeged), S. P. Tarabrin(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), A. Taracchini(University of Maryland, College Park), R. Taylor(California Institute of Technology), G. Tellez(Brownsville Public Library), T. Theeg(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), M. P. Thirugnanasambandam(California Institute of Technology), Michael Thomas(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), P. Thomas, K. A. Thorne(California Institute of Technology), K. S. Thorne(California Institute of Technology), E. Thrane(California Institute of Technology), V. Tiwari(University of Florida), C. Tomlinson(University of Sheffield), C. Torres(Brownsville Public Library), C I Torrie(California Institute of Technology), G. Traylor(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), M. Tse(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), D. Tshilumba, D. Ugolini(Trinity University), B. Krishnan(Tata Institute of Fundamental Research), A. L. Urban(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), S. A. Usman(Syracuse University), H. Vahlbruch(Leibniz University Hannover), G. Vajente(California Institute of Technology), G. Valdes(Brownsville Public Library), M. Vallisneri(California Institute of Technology), A A van Veggel(University of Glasgow), S. Vass(California Institute of Technology), R. Vaulin(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), A. Vecchio(University of Birmingham), J. Veitch(University of Birmingham), J. Veitch(The University of Adelaide), K. Venkateswara(University of Washington), R. Vincent-Finley(Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College), S. Vitale(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), T. Vo, C. Vorvick, W. D. Vousden(University of Birmingham), M. Wade(Lomonosov Moscow State University), A. R. Wade(Australian National University), L. E. Wade(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), M. Wade(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), M. Walker(Louisiana State University), L. Wallace(California Institute of Technology), S. Walsh(University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee), H Wang(University of Birmingham), M Wang(University of Birmingham), X Wang(Tsinghua University), R. L. Ward(Australian National University), J. Warner, M. Wąs(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), B. Weaver, M. Weinert(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), Allan J. Weinstein(California Institute of Technology), R. Weiss(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), T. Welborn(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), L. Wen(The University of Western Australia), P. Weßels(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), T. Westphal(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), K. Wette(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), J. T. Whelan(Rochester Institute of Technology), S. E. Whitcomb(California Institute of Technology), David White(University of Sheffield), B. F. Whiting(University of Florida), C. Wilkinson, L. Williams(University of Florida), R. Williams(California Institute of Technology), A. R. Williamson(Cardiff University), J. L. Willis(Abilene Christian University), B. Willke(Leibniz University Hannover), M. H. Wimmer(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), W. Winkler(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), C. C. Wipf(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), H. Wittel(Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics), G. Woan(University of Glasgow), J. Worden, Sheng-Lun Xie, J. Yablon(Northwestern University), I. Yakushin(LIGO Scientific Collaboration), W. Yam(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), H. Yamamoto(California Institute of Technology), C. C. Yancey(University of Maryland, College Park), Qi-Fan Yang(Tsinghua University), M. Zanolin(Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University), Fan Zhang(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), L. Zhang(California Institute of Technology), Minyang Zhang(William & Mary), Y Zhang(Rochester Institute of Technology), C. Zhao(The University of Western Australia), M. Zhou(Northwestern University), X. J. Zhu(The University of Western Australia), M. E. Zucker(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), S. E. Zuraw(University of Massachusetts Amherst), J. Zweizig(California Institute of Technology)
Cited by 3,352Open Access
Abstract
The Advanced LIGO gravitational wave detectors are second-generation instruments designed and built for the two LIGO observatories in Hanford, WA and Livingston, LA, USA. The two instruments are identical in design, and are specialized versions of a Michelson interferometer with 4 km long arms. As in Initial LIGO, Fabry–Perot cavities are used in the arms to increase the interaction time with a gravitational wave, and power recycling is used to increase the effective laser power. Signal recycling has been added in Advanced LIGO to improve the frequency response. In the most sensitive frequency region around 100 Hz, the design strain sensitivity is a factor of 10 better than Initial LIGO. In addition, the low frequency end of the sensitivity band is moved from 40 Hz down to 10 Hz. All interferometer components have been replaced with improved technologies to achieve this sensitivity gain. Much better seismic isolation and test mass suspensions are responsible for the gains at lower frequencies. Higher laser power, larger test masses and improved mirror coatings lead to the improved sensitivity at mid and high frequencies. Data collecting runs with these new instruments are planned to begin in mid-2015.
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