Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection rescues B and T cell responses to variants after first vaccine dose

Catherine J. Reynolds(Imperial College London), Corinna Pade(Queen Mary University of London), Joseph M. Gibbons(Queen Mary University of London), David K. Butler(Imperial College London), Ashley Otter(Public Health England), Katia Menacho(St Bartholomew's Hospital), Marianna Fontana(Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust), Angelique Smit(Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust), Jane E. Sackville-West(James Kent (United Kingdom)), Teresa Cutiño‐Moguel(St Bartholomew's Hospital), Mala K. Maini(University College London), Benny Chain(University College London), Mahdad Noursadeghi(University College London), UK COVIDsortium Immune Correlates Network(Public Health England), Tim Brooks(Public Health England), Amanda Semper(St Bartholomew's Hospital), Charlotte Manisty(St Bartholomew's Hospital), Thomas A. Treibel(St Bartholomew's Hospital), James Moon(St Bartholomew's Hospital), UK COVIDsortium Investigators(Queen Mary University of London), Ana M. Valdes(Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust), Áine McKnight(Queen Mary University of London), Daniel M. Altmann(Imperial College London), Rosemary J. Boyton(Harefield Hospital), Hakam Abbass, Aderonke Abiodun, Mashael Alfarih(Imperial College London), Zoe Alldis(University College London), Daniel M. Altmann(Imperial College London), Oliver E. Amin, Mervyn Andiapen, Jessica Artico, João B. Augusto, Georgina L. Baca, Sasha N. L. Bailey, Anish Bhuva, Alex Boulter(Harefield Hospital), Ruth Bowles, Rosemary J. Boyton(Harefield Hospital), Olivia V. Bracken(Public Health England), Benjamin O’Brien, Tim Brooks(Public Health England), Natalie Bullock, David K. Butler(Imperial College London), Gabriella Captur, Nicola Champion, Carmen K. M. Chan(Imperial College London), Aneesh Chandran, David Collier, Jorge Couto de Sousa(St Bartholomew's Hospital), Xosé Couto‐Parada, Teresa Cutiño‐Moguel(St Bartholomew's Hospital), Rhodri Davies, Brooke Douglas, Cecilia Di Genova, Keenan Dieobi-Anene, Mariana O. Diniz, Anaya Ellis, Karen Feehan(Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust), Malcolm Finlay, Marianna Fontana(Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust), Nasim Forooghi(Queen Mary University of London), Celia Gaier, Joseph M. Gibbons(Queen Mary University of London), Derek W. Gilroy, Matt Hamblin, Gabrielle Harker, Jacqueline Hewson, Wendy Heywood, Lauren M. Hickling, Aroon D. Hingorani, Lee Hamill Howes, Alun D. Hughes, Gemma Hughes, Rebecca Hughes, Ivie Itua, Victor Jardim, Wing-Yiu Jason Lee, Melaniepetra Jensen, Jessica Jones, Meleri Jones, George Joy, Vikas Kapil, Hibba Kurdi, Jonathan Lambourne, Kai‐Min Lin(University College London), Sarah Louth, Mala K. Maini(St Bartholomew's Hospital), Vineela Mandadapu(Queen Mary University of London), Charlotte Manisty(St Bartholomew's Hospital), Áine McKnight(Queen Mary University of London), Katia Menacho(St Bartholomew's Hospital), Celina Mfuko, Kevin Mills(St Bartholomew's Hospital), Oliver Mitchelmore(St Bartholomew's Hospital), Christopher Moon, James Moon(St Bartholomew's Hospital), Diana Munoz-Sandoval(University College London), Sam M. Murray(Public Health England), Mahdad Noursadeghi(Queen Mary University of London), Ashley Otter(Public Health England), Corinna Pade(Queen Mary University of London), Susana Palma, Ruth Parker, Kush Patel, Babita Pawarova, Steffen E. Petersen, Brian Piniera(Imperial College London), Franziska P. Pieper(Harefield Hospital), Daniel H. Pope, Mary Prossora, Lisa Rannigan(Imperial College London), Alicja Rapala, Catherine J. Reynolds(Imperial College London), Amy Richards, Matthew Robathan, Joshua Rosenheim, Genine Sambile(Public Health England), Nathalie Schmidt, Amanda Semper(Public Health England), Andreas Seraphim(Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust), Mihaela Simion, Angelique Smit(Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust), Michelle A. Sugimoto, Leo Swadling, Stephen Taylor(St Bartholomew's Hospital), Nigel Temperton, Stephen J. Thomas(St Bartholomew's Hospital), George Thornton, Thomas A. Treibel(St Bartholomew's Hospital), Art Tucker, Jessry Veerapen, Mohit Vijayakumar, Sophie Welch, Theresa Wodehouse(Imperial College London), Lucinda Wynne(University College London), Dan Zahedi, Benny Chain(University College London)
Science
April 30, 2021
10.1126/science.abh1282
Cited by 384Open Access
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Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 vaccine rollout has coincided with the spread of variants of concern. We investigated if single dose vaccination, with or without prior infection, confers cross protective immunity to variants. We analyzed T and B cell responses after first dose vaccination with the Pfizer/BioNTech mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 in healthcare workers (HCW) followed longitudinally, with or without prior Wuhan-Hu-1 SARS-CoV-2 infection. After one dose, individuals with prior infection showed enhanced T cell immunity, antibody secreting memory B cell response to spike and neutralizing antibodies effective against B.1.1.7 and B.1.351. By comparison, HCW receiving one vaccine dose without prior infection showed reduced immunity against variants. B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 spike mutations resulted in increased, abrogated or unchanged T cell responses depending on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms. Single dose vaccination with BNT162b2 in the context of prior infection with a heterologous variant substantially enhances neutralizing antibody responses against variants.

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