All-Sky Measurement of the Anisotropy of Cosmic Rays at 10 TeV and Mapping of the Local Interstellar Magnetic Field
A. U. Abeysekara(University of Utah), R. Alfaro(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), C. Álvarez(Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas), Alvarez, C.(Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas), R. Arceo(Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo), Arceo, R.(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C.(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), E. Belmont‐Moreno(University of Rochester), Belmont-Moreno, E.(Michigan Technological University), C. Brisbois(National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics), T. Capistrán(National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics), Capistrán, T.(Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences), S. Casanova(Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo), U. Cotti(Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla), J. Cotzomi(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Cotzomi, J.(Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla), Díaz-Vélez, J. C.(Universidad de Guadalajara), De León, C.(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), S. Dichiara(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Dichiara, S.(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), C. Espinoza(University of Maryland, College Park), Espinoza, C.(Michigan Technological University), Henrike Fleischhack(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), N. Fraija(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), A. Galván-Gaméz(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), M. M. González(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), García-González, J. A.(University of Maryland, College Park), González, M. M.(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Z. Hampel-Arias(Los Alamos National Laboratory), Hampel-Arias, Z.(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), S. Hernández(Michigan Technological University), B. Hona(Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas), F. Hueyotl‐Zahuantitla(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), A. Iriarte(Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics), A. Jardin-Blicq(Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics), Vikas Joshi(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), A. Lara(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), Lara, A.(Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca), G. Luis-Raya(Pennsylvania State University), K. Malone(Michigan State University), Malone, K.(Instituto Politécnico Nacional), J. Martínez-Castro(Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla), O. Martı́nez(University of New Mexico), Martinez, O.(Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo), P. Miranda-Romagnoli(Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla), E. Moreno(Pennsylvania State University), M. Mostafá(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), L. Nellen(University of Utah), M. Newbold(University of Rochester), Newbold, M.(Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo), R. Noriega-Papaqui(Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca), Noriega-Papaqui, R.(Pennsylvania State University), J. Pretz(University of New Mexico), Zhixiang Ren(University of Rochester), Ren, Z.(University of Maryland, College Park), C. Rivière(National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics), D. Rosa‐González(Pennsylvania State University), M. Rosenberg(Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla), H. Salazar(Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences), Salazar, H.(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), A. Sandoval(University of Maryland, College Park), M. Schneider(Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics), Harm Schoorlemmer(Los Alamos National Laboratory), G. Sinnis(University of Maryland, College Park), Sinnis, G.(Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics), P. Surajbali(Georgia Institute of Technology), I. Taboada(Michigan State University), Kirsten Tollefson(National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics), I. Torres(Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla), Torres, I.(University of Wisconsin–Madison), T. Weisgarber(University of Wisconsin–Madison), J. Wood(Instituto Politécnico Nacional), A. Zepeda(Los Alamos National Laboratory), H. Zhou(Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo), Zhou, H.(University of Canterbury), Collaboration, IceCube, M. Ackermann(University of Canterbury), J. Adams(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Ackermann, M.(University of Copenhagen), M. Ahlers(Stockholm University), M. Ahrens(Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg), D. Altmann(Marquette University), K. Andeen(Pennsylvania State University), T. Anderson(Université Libre de Bruxelles), I. Ansseau(Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg), G. Anton(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), C. Argüelles(RWTH Aachen University), J. Auffenberg(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Spencer Axani(RWTH Aachen University), Paul Backes(University of Canterbury), H. Bagherpour(South Dakota School of Mines and Technology), X. Bai(University of Geneva), Anastasia Maria Barbano(University of Alberta), Bai, X.(University of California, Irvine), Barbano, A.(Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), V. Baum(University of California, Berkeley), R. Bay(The Ohio State University), Baum, V.(Ruhr University Bochum), K.-H. Becker(University of Wuppertal), Beatty, J. J.(University of Rochester), S. BenZvi(University of Maryland, College Park), D. Berley, E. Bernardini(University of Kansas), Berley, D.(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), G. Binder(University of Wuppertal), D. Bindig(University of Maryland, College Park), E. Blaufuss, Summer Blot(Stockholm University), C. Böhm(TU Dortmund University), M. Börner(Ruhr University Bochum), F. Bos(Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), S. Böser(Uppsala University), O. Botner(University of Copenhagen), Etienne Bourbeau(University of Wisconsin–Madison), J. Bourbeau, Federica Bradascio(University of Wisconsin–Madison), J. Braun, H.-P. Bretz(University of Geneva), S. Bron, Jannes Brostean-Kaiser(Uppsala University), A. Burgman(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Brostean-Kaiser, J.(University of Geneva), T. Carver(University of Maryland, College Park), Busse, R. S.(University of Wisconsin–Madison), E. Cheung(Snolab), D. Chirkin(University of Münster), K. Clark(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Lew Classen(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Clark, K.(Vrije Universiteit Brussel), Classen, L.(Vrije Universiteit Brussel), Paul Coppin(Pennsylvania State University), Pablo Correa(University of Rochester), Coppin, P.(Georgia Institute of Technology), R. Cross(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Pranav Dave(Michigan State University), M. Day(Vrije Universiteit Brussel), Dave, P.(Pennsylvania State University), Day, M.(University of Delaware), de André, J. P. A. M.(Stockholm University), H.-P. Dembinski(Ghent University), Kunal Deoskar(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Dembinski, H.(Vrije Universiteit Brussel), P. Desiati(Vrije Universiteit Brussel), De Ridder, S.(Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin), Desiati, P.(Michigan State University), de Vries, K. D.(University of Wisconsin–Madison), T. DeYoung(Sungkyunkwan University), Hrvoje Dujmović(Pennsylvania State University), M. Dunkman(South Dakota School of Mines and Technology), Emily Dvorak(Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), B. Eberhardt(Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Thomas Ehrhardt(Ruhr University Bochum), B. Eichmann(Pennsylvania State University), P. Eller(University of Delaware), Ehrhardt, T.(University of Wisconsin–Madison), S. Fahey(Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College), Eller, P.(University of Maryland, College Park), J. Felde(University of California, Berkeley), K. Filimonov(Stockholm University), C. Finley, A. Franckowiak(University of Maryland, College Park), Edward Friedman(Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Alexander Fritz(University of Delaware), Franckowiak, A.(University of Wisconsin–Madison), J. S. Gallagher(RWTH Aachen University), Erik Ganster, S. Garrappa(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), L. Gerhardt(University of Wisconsin–Madison), K. Ghorbani(University of Alberta), W. Giang(Technical University of Munich), Theo Glauch(Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg), T. Glüsenkamp(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), A. Goldschmidt(University of Delaware), Glauch, T.(University of Alberta), D. Grant(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Z. Griffith(RWTH Aachen University), Christian Haack(Uppsala University), A. Hallgren(RWTH Aachen University), L. Halve(University of Wisconsin–Madison), F. Halzen(University of Wisconsin–Madison), K. Hanson(Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin), D. Hebecker(Université Libre de Bruxelles), D. Heereman(University of Wuppertal), K. Helbing(University of Maryland, College Park), R. Hellauer(University of Wuppertal), S. Hickford(Michigan State University), J. Hignight(The University of Adelaide), Hellauer, R.(University of Maryland, College Park), Hickford, S.(University of Wuppertal), R. Hoffmann(TU Dortmund University), Tobias Hoinka(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig(University of Wisconsin–Madison), K. Hoshina(Pennsylvania State University), Hoinka, T.(Technical University of Munich), F. Huang(Stockholm University), M. E. Huber(TU Dortmund University), K. Hultqvist(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Mirco Hünnefeld(Sungkyunkwan University), Raamis Hussain(Université Libre de Bruxelles), S. In(Chiba University), N. Iovine, A. Ishihara(Clark Atlanta University), E. Jacobi(Sungkyunkwan University), Ishihara, A.(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Minjin Jeong(The University of Texas at Arlington), K. Jero(RWTH Aachen University), Jeong, M.(Sungkyunkwan University), P. Kalaczyński(University of Münster), Woosik Kang(Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), A. Kappes, David Kappesser(University of Wisconsin–Madison), T. Karg(Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg), A. Karle(University of Wisconsin–Madison), U. Katz(Pennsylvania State University), M. Kauer(University of Wisconsin–Madison), A. Keivani(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Kauer, M.(Sungkyunkwan University), Ali Kheirandish, J. Kim(Stony Brook University), T. Kintscher(Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg), J. Kiryluk(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), T. Kittler(University of Delaware), Kiryluk, J.(Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin), Ramesh Koirala(Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), H. Kolanoski(University of Alberta), L. Köpke(University of Alabama), Claudio Kopper(University of Copenhagen), S. Kopper(Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin), Kopper, C.(Technical University of Munich), M. Kowalski(Ruhr University Bochum), K. Krings(Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), M. Kroll, G. Krückl(Drexel University), S. Kunwar(The University of Adelaide), N. Kurahashi(Ghent University), A. Kyriacou(Pennsylvania State University), M. Labare(University of Copenhagen), Kyriacou, A.(University of Wuppertal), Labare, M.(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Frederik Hermann Lauber(RWTH Aachen University), Larson, M. J.(University of Wisconsin–Madison), M. Leuermann(Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Leonard, K.(University of Münster), Elisa Lohfink(Chiba University), Liu, Q. R.(Vrije Universiteit Brussel), L. Lu(University of Wisconsin–Madison), J. Lünemann(University of Wisconsin–River Falls), William Luszczak(Vrije Universiteit Brussel), J. Madsen(Michigan State University), G. Maggi(Chiba University), Madsen, J.(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Yuya Makino(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Sarah Mancina(Yale University), Makino, Y.(Chiba University), R. Maruyama(University of Maryland, College Park), K. Mase(Université Libre de Bruxelles), R. Maunu(University of Copenhagen), K. Meagher(TU Dortmund University), M. Medici(TU Dortmund University), Meagher, K.(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Maximilian Meier(Université Libre de Bruxelles), T. Menne(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), G. Merino(Michigan State University), T. Meures(Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), S. Miarecki(University of Geneva), Jessie Micallef(University of Alberta), G. Momenté(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), T. Montaruli(Chiba University), Momenté, G., Marjon Moulai(University of Alabama), R. Nagai(University of Wuppertal), R. Nahnhauer(Michigan State University), P. Nakarmi(Stony Brook University), Uwe Naumann(University of Alberta), G. Neer(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Hans Niederhausen(University of Wuppertal), Neer, G.(University of Maryland, College Park), Niederhausen, H.(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Nowicki, S. C.(Stockholm University), A. Olivas(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Pollmann, A. Obertacke(University of Delaware), Olivas, A.(Pennsylvania State University), T. Palczewski(Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Hershal Pandya(University of Alabama), Palczewski, T.(Uppsala University), P. Peiffer(TU Dortmund University), Pankova, D. V.(Université Libre de Bruxelles), D. Pieloth(University of Wisconsin–Madison), E. Pinat(Marquette University), A. Pizzuto(University of California, Berkeley), M. Plum(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Pizzuto, A.(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Plum, M.(University of Copenhagen), Christoph Raab, Przybylski, G. T.(University of Alaska Anchorage), M. Rameez(Technical University of Munich), L. Rauch(RWTH Aachen University), K. Rawlins(Drexel University), Rauch, L.(Université Libre de Bruxelles), R. Reimann(Technical University of Munich), B. Relethford(TU Dortmund University), Giovanni Renzi(Drexel University), E. Resconi(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), W. Rhode(RWTH Aachen University), M. Richman(Sungkyunkwan University), S. Robertson(TU Dortmund University), Martin Rongen(Ghent University), C. Rott(Michigan State University), T. Ruhe(University of Wisconsin–Madison), D. Ryckbosch(University of Alberta), D. Rysewyk(TU Dortmund University), I. Safa(Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), Rysewyk, D.(University of Alabama), Alexander Sandrock(University of Copenhagen), J. Sandroos(University of Alberta), M. Santander, S. Sarkar(RWTH Aachen University), K. Satalecka(TU Dortmund University), Merlin Schaufel(University of Maryland, College Park), P. Schlunder(University of Wisconsin–Madison), T. Schmidt(Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg), A. Schneider(Ruhr University Bochum), Judith Schneider(RWTH Aachen University), S. Schöneberg(Drexel University), L. Schumacher(University of Delaware), S. Sclafani(University of Wisconsin–River Falls), D. Seckel(TU Dortmund University), S. Seunarine(University of Delaware), Jan Soedingrekso(University of Maryland, College Park), Dennis Soldin(University of Wisconsin–River Falls), M. Song, Soedingrekso, J., C. Spiering(The Ohio State University), Juliana Stachurska(University of Delaware), M. Stamatikos, Todor Stanev, A. Stasik(RWTH Aachen University), Robert Stein(Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), J. Stettner(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), A. Steuer(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), T. Stezelberger(Chiba University), Stettner, J., A. Stößl(University of Copenhagen), Stezelberger, T.(University of Maryland, College Park), Thomas Stuttard(The Ohio State University), Stößl, A.(Georgia Institute of Technology), M. Sutherland(Ruhr University Bochum), F. Tenholt(Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College), S. Ter–Antonyan, A. Terliuk(University of Delaware), S. Tilav(University of Alabama), M. N. Tobin(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Christoph Tönnis(Sungkyunkwan University), S. Toscano(Vrije Universiteit Brussel), D. Tosi(University of Wisconsin–Madison), M. Tselengidou(Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg), C. F. Tung(Georgia Institute of Technology), A. Turcati(Technical University of Munich), Roxanne Turcotte(RWTH Aachen University), Colin Turley(Pennsylvania State University), B. Ty(University of Wisconsin–Madison), E. Unger(Uppsala University), Turcotte, R.(University of Münster), M. Usner, J. Vandenbroucke(University of Wisconsin–Madison), W. Van Driessche(Ghent University), D. van Eijk(University of Wisconsin–Madison), N. van Eijndhoven(Vrije Universiteit Brussel), S. Vanheule(Ghent University), J. V. Santen, M. Vraeghe(Ghent University), C. Walck(Stockholm University), A. Wallace(The University of Adelaide), M. Wallraff(RWTH Aachen University), N. Wandkowsky(University of Alberta), Walck, C.(University of Wisconsin–Madison), T. B. Watson(The University of Texas at Arlington), Ch. Weaver(University of Alberta), Matthew J. Weiss(Pennsylvania State University), Wandler, F. D.(University of Wisconsin–Madison), C. Wendt(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Johannes Werthebach(University of Wisconsin–Madison), S. Westerhoff(The University of Adelaide), Weldert, J.(University of California, Los Angeles), N. Whitehorn(Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz), K. Wiebe(RWTH Aachen University), Westerhoff, S.(University of Wisconsin–Madison), L. Wille(University of Alabama), Whitehorn, N.(Drexel University), L. Wills(Technical University of Munich), Martin Wolf(University of Wisconsin–Madison), T. R. Wood(University of Alberta), E. Woolsey(University of Alberta), K. Woschnagg(University of California, Berkeley), Gerrit Wrede(Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg), D. L. Xu(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Xiaolin Xu(Southern University and Agricultural and Mechanical College), Y. Xu(Stony Brook University), Woschnagg, K.(University of Alberta), G. Yodh(University of California, Irvine), S. Yoshida(Chiba University), Tianlu Yuan(University of Wisconsin–Madison), Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T.
Cited by 68Open Access
Abstract
We present the first full-sky analysis of the cosmic ray arrival direction distribution with data collected by the HAWC and IceCube observatories in the Northern and Southern hemispheres at the same median primary particle energy of 10 TeV. The combined sky map and angular power spectrum largely eliminate biases that result from partial sky coverage and holds a key to probe into the propagation properties of TeV cosmic rays through our local interstellar medium and the interaction between the interstellar and heliospheric magnetic fields. From the map we determine the horizontal dipole components of the anisotropy $δ_{0h} = 9.16 \times 10^{-4}$ and $δ_{6h} = 7.25 \times 10^{-4}~(\pm0.04 \times 10^{-4})$. In addition, we infer the direction ($229.2\pm 3.5^\circ$ RA , $11.4\pm 3.0^\circ$ Dec.) of the interstellar magnetic field from the boundary between large scale excess and deficit regions from which we estimate the missing corresponding vertical dipole component of the large scale anisotropy to be $δ_N \sim -3.97 ^{+1.0}_{-2.0} \times 10^{-4}$.
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