Inborn errors of type I IFN immunity in patients with life-threatening COVID-19
Qian Zhang(Rockefeller University), Paul Bastard(Inserm), Zhiyong Liu(Rockefeller University), Jérémie Le Pen(Rockefeller University), Marcela Moncada‐Vélez(Rockefeller University), Jie Chen(Rockefeller University), Masato Ogishi(Rockefeller University), Ira K. D. Sabli(Imperial College London), Stephanie Hodeib(Imperial College London), Cecilia B. Korol(Inserm), Jérémie Rosain(Inserm), Kaya Bilgüvar(Yale University), Junqiang Ye(Columbia University), Alexandre Bolze(Helix (United States)), Benedetta Bigio(Rockefeller University), Rui Yang(Rockefeller University), Andrés A. Arias(Universidad de Antioquia), Qinhua Zhou(Rockefeller University), Yu Zhang(National Institutes of Health), Fanny Onodi(Inserm), Sarantis Korniotis(Inserm), Léa Karpf(Inserm), Quentin Philippot(Inserm), Marwa Chbihi(Inserm), Lucie Bonnet‐Madin(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Karim Dorgham(Inserm), Nikaïa Smith(Institut Pasteur), William M. Schneider(Rockefeller University), Brandon S. Razooky(Rockefeller University), Hans-Heinrich Hoffmann(Rockefeller University), Eleftherios Michailidis(Rockefeller University), Leen Moens(KU Leuven), Ji Eun Han(Rockefeller University), Lazaro Lorenzo(Inserm), Lucy Bizien(Inserm), Philip Meade(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Anna‐Lena Neehus(Inserm), Aileen Ugurbil(Rockefeller University), Aurélien Corneau(Sorbonne Université), Gaspard Kerner(Inserm), Peng Zhang(Rockefeller University), Franck Rapaport(Rockefeller University), Yoann Seeleuthner(Inserm), Jérémy Manry(Inserm), Cécile Masson(Inserm), Yohann Schmitt(Inserm), Agatha Schlüter(Duran i Reynals Hospital), Tom Le Voyer(Inserm), Taushif Khan, Juan Li(Rockefeller University), Jacques Fellay(SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics), Lucie Roussel(McGill University Health Centre), Mohammad Shahrooei(Sina Hospital), Mohammed F. Alosaimi(King Saud University), Davood Mansouri(Masih Daneshvari Hospital), Haya Al‐Saud(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Fahd Al‐Mulla(Dasman Diabetes Institute), Feras Almourfi(King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology), Saleh Zaid Al-Muhsen(King Saud University), Fahad Alsohime(King Saud University), Saeed Al Turki(King Abdullah International Medical Research Center), Rana Hasanato(King Saud University), Diederik van de Beek(Amsterdam Neuroscience), Andrea Biondi(University of Milano-Bicocca), Laura Rachele Bettini(University of Milano-Bicocca), Mariella D’Angiò(University of Milano-Bicocca), Paolo Bonfanti(University of Milano-Bicocca), Luisa Imberti(Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale degli Spedali Civili di Brescia), Alessandra Sottini(Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale degli Spedali Civili di Brescia), Simone Paghera(Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale degli Spedali Civili di Brescia), Eugenia Quirós-Roldán(University of Brescia), Camillo Rossi(Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale degli Spedali Civili di Brescia), Andrew J. Oler(Naval Research Laboratory Information Technology Division), Miranda F. Tompkins(Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences), Camille Alba(Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences), Isabelle Vandernoot(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Jean‐Christophe Goffard(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Guillaume Smits(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Isabelle Migeotte(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Filomeen Haerynck(Ghent University Hospital), Pere Soler‐Palacín(Hebron University), Andrea Martín-Nalda(Hebron University), Roger Colobrán(Hebron University), Pierre‐Emmanuel Morange(Inserm), Sevgi Keleş(Necmettin Erbakan University), Fatma Çölkesen(Konya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi), Tayfun Özçelık(Bilkent University), Kadriye Kart Yaşar(Bakırköy Dr.Sadi Konuk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi), Sevtap Şenoğlu(Bakırköy Dr.Sadi Konuk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi), Şemsi̇ Nur Karabela(Bakırköy Dr.Sadi Konuk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi), Carlos Rodríguez‐Gallego(Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias), Giuseppe Novelli(University of Rome Tor Vergata), Sami Hraiech(Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille), Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte(Inserm), Xavier Duval(Inserm), Cédric Laouenan(Inserm), Imagine COVID Group(Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences), French COVID Cohort Study Group(Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences), CoV-Contact Cohort(Columbia University), Amsterdam UMC Covid-19 Biobank(McGill University Health Centre), COVID Human Genetic Effort(Aarhus University), NIAID-USUHS/TAGC COVID Immunity Group(Hamad bin Khalifa University), Andrew L. Snow(Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences), Clifton L. Dalgard(Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences), Joshua D. Milner(Inserm), Donald C. Vinh(Inserm), Trine H. Mogensen(Inserm), Nico Marr(Hamad bin Khalifa University), András N. Spaan(Utrecht University), Bertrand Boisson(Inserm), Stéphanie Boisson‐Dupuis(Inserm), Jacinta Bustamante(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Anne Puel(Howard Hughes Medical Institute), Michael J. Ciancanelli(Cell Biologics (United States)), Isabelle Meyts(Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Tom Maniatis(Duran i Reynals Hospital), Vassili Soumelis(Inserm), Ali Amara(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Michel C. Nussenzweig(Howard Hughes Medical Institute), Adolfo García‐Sastre(Inserm), Florian Krammer(Inserm), Aurora Pujol(Inserm), Darragh Duffy(Institut Pasteur), Richard P. Lifton(Yale University), Shen‐Ying Zhang(Inserm), Guy Gorochov(National Institutes of Health), Vivien Béziat(Inserm), Emmanuelle Jouanguy(National Institutes of Health), Vanessa Sancho‐Shimizu(Howard Hughes Medical Institute), Charles M. Rice(University of Rome Tor Vergata), Laurent Abel(Inserm), Luigi D. Notarangelo(University of Rome Tor Vergata), Aurélie Cobat(Inserm), Helen C. Su(National Institutes of Health), Jean‐Laurent Casanova(Howard Hughes Medical Institute), Giuseppe Foti, Giacomo Bellani, Giuseppe Citerio, Ernesto Contro, Alberto Pesci, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Marina Elena Cazzaniga, Jorge Abad, Sergio Aguilera, Özge Metin Akcan, Ilad Alavi Darazam, Juan C. Aldave, Miquel Alfonso Ramos, Seyed Alireza Nadji, Gülsüm Alkan, Jérôme Allardet-Servent, Luís M. Allende, Laia Alsina, Marie‐Alexandra Alyanakian, Blanca Amador-Borrero, Zahir Amoura(Inserm), Arnau Antolí(Inserm), Şevket Arslan, Sophie Trouillet‐Assant, Terese Auguet, Axelle Azot, Fanny Bajolle, Aurélie Baldolli, Mayte Ballester, Hagit Baris Feldman, Benoı̂t Barrou, Alexandra Beurton, Agurtzane Bilbao, Géraldine Blanchard‐Rohner, Ignacio Blanco(Inserm), Adeline Blandinières, Daniel Blázquez‐Gamero, Markéta Bloomfield, Mireia Bolívar-Prados, Raphaël Borie(Inserm), Cédric Bosteels, Ahmed A. Bousfiha, Claire Bouvattier, Oksana Boyarchuk, Maria Rita Passos‐Bueno(Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias), Jacinta Bustamante(Inserm), Juan José Cáceres Agra(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Semra Calimli, Ruggero Capra, Maria Carrabba, Carlos Casasnovas, Marion Caséris(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Martin Castelle, Francesco Castelli, Martín Castillo de Vera(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Mateus Vidigal de Castro, Émilie Catherinot(Inserm), Martin Chalumeau(Konya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi), Bruno Charbit(Konya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi), Matthew P. Cheng(Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca), Père Clavé, Bonaventura Clotet, Anna Codina, Fatih Çölkesen(Konya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi), Fatma Çölkesen(Konya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi), Roger Colobrán(Hebron University), Cloé Comarmond, David Dalmau, D.R. Darley(Helix (United States)), Nicolás Dauby, Stéphane Dauger(Inserm), Loïc de Pontual, Amin Dehban, Geoffroy Delplancq, Alexandre Demoule, Jean‐Luc Diehl, Stephanie Dobbelaere, Sophie Durand, Waleed Eldars, Mohamed Elgamal, Marwa H. Elnagdy, Melike Emiroğlu, Emine Hafize Erdeniz, Selma Erol Aytekin, Romain Euvrard, Recep Evcen, Giovanna Fabio(Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias), Laurence Faivre, Antonin Falck, Muriel Fartoukh, Morgane Faure, Miguel Fernández‐Arquero, Carlos Flores, Bruno François(Howard Hughes Medical Institute), Victòria Fumadó, Francesca Fusco, Blanca García‐Solis(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Pascale Gaussem, Juana Gil-Herrera, Laurent Gilardin, Mònica Girona Alarcón, Mònica Girona‐Alarcón, Jean-Christophe Goffard(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Funda Gök, Rafaela González‐Montelongo(Ghent University Hospital), Antoine Guerder, Yahya Gül, Şükrü Nail Güner, Marta Gut, Jérôme Hadjadj, Filomeen Haerynck(Ghent University Hospital), Rabih Halwani, Lennart Hammarström, Nevin Hatipoğlu(Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale), Elisa Hernández-Brito(Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille), Cathérine Heijmans, María Soledad Holanda-Peña, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Levi Hoste, Eric A. J. Hoste, Sami Hraiech(Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille), L. Humbert, Alejandro Iglesias, Antonio Íñigo-Campos(King Saud University), Matthieu Jamme(Bakırköy Dr.Sadi Konuk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi), María J. Arranz, Iolanda Jordán(Bakırköy Dr.Sadi Konuk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi), Philippe G. Jorens(Necmettin Erbakan University), Fikret Kanat, Hasan Kapaklı, İskender Kara, Adem Karbuz(Inserm), Kadriye Kart Yasar(Bakırköy Dr.Sadi Konuk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi), Sevgi Keles(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Yasemin Kendir Demirkol, Adam Klocperk(Howard Hughes Medical Institute), Zbigniew Król, Paul Kuentz, Yat Wah M. Kwan, Jean‐Christophe Lagier, Bart N. Lambrecht(Cell Biologics (United States)), YL Lau(Cell Biologics (United States)), Fleur Le Bourgeois, Yee‐Sin Leo(Rockefeller University), Rafael León‐López, Daniel Leung, Michael Levin, Michaël Levy, Romain Lévy, Zhi Li, Agnès Linglart, Bart Loeys(Masih Daneshvari Hospital), José M. Lorenzo-Salazar, Céline Louapre, Catherine Lubetzki(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Charles‐Édouard Luyt, David Chien Lye, Davood Mansouri(Masih Daneshvari Hospital), Majid Marjani, Jesus Marquez Pereira, Andrea Martín‐Nalda, David Martínez Pueyo, Javier Martínez‐Picado, Iciar Marzana(KU Leuven), Alexis Mathian, Larissa R. B. Matos, Gail Matthews(KU Leuven), Julien Mayaux, Jean‐Louis Mège(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Isabelle Melki, Jean–François Méritet, Özge Metin Akcan, Isabelle Meyts(KU Leuven), Mehdi Mezidi, Isabelle Migeotte(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Maude Millereux(Inserm), Tristan Mirault, Clotilde Mircher(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Mehdi Mirsaeidi, Abián Montesdeoca Melián, Antonio Morales Martínez, Pierre‐Emmanuel Morange(Inserm), C. Mordacq, Guillaume Morelle(National Institutes of Health), Stéphane Mouly, Adrián Muñoz‐Barrera, Leslie Naesens, Cyril Nafati, João Farela Neves, Lisa F. P. Ng(Bilkent University), Yeray Nóvoa Medina(Columbia University), Esmeralda Núñez Cuadros(Université Libre de Bruxelles), J. Gonzalo Ocejo‐Vinyals, Zerrin Orbak, Mehdi Oualha(Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale degli Spedali Civili di Brescia), Tayfun Özçelık(Bilkent University), Qiang Pan‐Hammarström(Sorbonne Université), Christophe Parizot(Inserm), Tiffany Pascreau(University of Milano-Bicocca), Estela Paz‐Artal, Sandra Pellegrini, Rebeca Pérez de Diego, Aurélien Philippe(University of Milano-Bicocca), Quentin Philippot(Inserm), Laura Planas‐Serra, Dominique Ploin, Julien Poissy, Géraldine Poncelet, Marie Pouletty(Yale University), Paul Quentric, Didier Raoult, Anne‐Sophie Rebillat, İsmail Reisli(Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias), Pilar Ricart(Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias), Jean‐Christophe Richard, Nadia Rivet, Jacques G. Rivière, Gemma Rocamora Blanch, Carlos Rodrigo, Carlos Rodríguez‐Gallego(Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias), Agustí Rodríguez‐Palmero, Carolina S. Romero, Anya Rothenbühler(Duran i Reynals Hospital), Flore Rozenberg, María Yolanda Ruiz del Prado, Joan Sabater‐Riera, Oliver Sanchez(Inserm), Silvia Sánchez‐Ramón, Agatha Schlüter(Duran i Reynals Hospital), Matthieu Schmidt(Bakırköy Dr.Sadi Konuk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi), Cyril Schweitzer, Francesco Scolari, Anna Šedivá(Sina Hospital), Luis Seijó(Rockefeller University), D. Sène, Sevtap Şenoğlu(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Mikko Seppänen, Alex Serra Ilovich, Mohammad Shahrooei(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Hans Slabbynck(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), David M. Smadja, Ali Sobh, Xavier Solanich Moreno, Jordi Solé‐Violán(Inserm), Catherine Soler, Pere Soler‐Palacín(Hebron University), Yuri Stepanovskiy, Annabelle Stoclin, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte(Inserm), Jean‐Luc Taupin, Simon J. Tavernier, Benjamin Terrier, C. Thumerelle(Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale degli Spedali Civili di Brescia), Gabriele Tomasoni, Julie Toubiana, Josep Trenado Alvarez(Inserm), Sophie Trouillet‐Assant(Rockefeller University), Jesús Troya(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Alessandra Tucci, Matilde Valeria Ursini, Y. Uzunhan, P. Vabres(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Juan Valencia-Ramos, Eva Van Braeckel, Stijn Van de Velde, Ana Maria Van Den Rym(Inserm), Jens Van Praet, Isabelle Vandernoot(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Hülya Vatansev(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Valentina Vélez-Santamaría(Inserm), Sébastien Viel, Cédric Vilain, Marie E. Vilaire, Audrey Vincent, Guillaume Voiriot, Fanny Vuotto(Helix (United States)), Alper Yosunkaya, Barnaby Edward Young, Fatih Yücel(Inserm), Faı̈ez Zannad, Mayana Zatz, Alexandre Bélot(Inserm), Christine Bôle‐Feysot, Stanislas Lyonnet(King Saud University), Cécile Masson(Inserm), Patrick Nitschké, Aurore Pouliet, Yoann Schmitt(Inserm), Frédéric Torès, Mohammed Zarhrate(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Laurent Abel(Inserm), Claire Andréjak, François Angoulvant, Delphine Bachelet, Romain Basmaci, Sylvie Behillil, Marine Beluze, Dehbia Benkerrou, Krishna Bhavsar, François Bompart, Lila Bouadma(Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences), Maude Bouscambert, Mireille Caralp(Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale), Minerva Cervantes-Gonzalez, Anissa Chair, Alexandra Coelho, Camille Couffignal, Sandrine Couffin-Cadièrgues, Éric D’Ortenzio, Charlène Da Silveira, Marie‐Pierre Debray, Dominique Deplanque, Diane Descamps(Inserm), Mathilde Desvallées, Alpha Diallo, Alphonsine Diouf, Céline Dorival, François Dubos(Inserm), Xavier Duval(Inserm), Philippine Eloy, Vincent Enouf(Helix (United States)), Hélène Espérou, Marina Esposito‐Farèse, Manuel Etienne(KU Leuven), Nadia Ettalhaoui(Inserm), Nathalie Gault(Helix (United States)), Alexandre Gaymard(Rockefeller University), Jade Ghosn, Tristan Gigante, Isabelle Gorenne, Jérémie Guedj, Alexandre Hoctin, Isabelle Hoffmann, Salma Jaafoura(Inserm), Ouifiya Kafif, Florentia Kaguelidou(National Institutes of Health), Sabina Kali(Inserm), Antoine Khalil, Coralie Khan, Cédric Laouenan(Inserm), Samira Laribi, Minh Quan Lê, Quentin Le Hingrat, Soizic Le Mestre(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Hervé Le Nagard(Université Libre de Bruxelles), François‐Xavier Lescure, Yves Lévy, Claire Lévy‐Marchal, Bruno Lina, Guillaume Lingas, Jean Christophe Lucet, Denis Malvy, Marina Mambert, France Mentré, Noémie Mercier, Amina Meziane(Inserm), Hugo Mouquet(Inserm), Jimmy Mullaert, Nadège Néant, Marion Noret, Justine Pages, Aurélie Papadopoulos, Christelle Paul(Inserm), Nathan Peiffer‐Smadja, Ventzislava Petrov–Sanchez, Gilles Peytavin, Olivier Picone(Rockefeller University), Oriane Puéchal, Manuel Rosa‐Calatrava(King Saud University), Bénédicte Rossignol, Patrick Rossignol, Carine Roy, Marion Schneider, Caroline Semaille, Nassima Si Mohammed, Lysa Tagherset, Coralie Tardivon(CIC Rennes), Marie-Capucine Tellier, François Téoulé(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Olivier Terrier, Jean‐François Timsit(Inserm), Théo Trioux, Christelle Tual(Inserm), Sarah Tubiana, Sylvie van der Werf, Noémie Vanel, Aurélie Veislinger(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Benoît Visseaux, Aurélie Wiedemann, Yazdan Yazdanpanah(Rockefeller University), Loubna Alavoine(Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale), Karine K. A. Amat, Sylvie Behillil, Julia Bielicki, Patricia Bruijning‐Verhagen, Charles Burdet, Éric Caumes, Charlotte Charpentier(CIC Rennes), B. Coignard, Yolande Costa(Inserm), Sandrine Couffin-Cadièrgues, Florence Damond, Aline Dechanet, Christelle Delmas, Diane Descamps, Xavier Duval(Inserm), Jean-Luc Ecobichon, Vincent Enouf, Hélène Espérou(Inserm), Wahiba Frezouls, Nadhira Houhou(Inserm), Emila Ilic-Habensus, Ouifiya Kafif, John Kikoine, Quentin Le Hingrat(Université Libre de Bruxelles), David Lebeaux, Anne Leclercq, Jonathan Lehacaut, Sophie Letrou, Bruno Lina, Jean‐Christophe Lucet, Denis Malvy, Pauline Manchon, Milica Mandic, Mohamed Meghadecha, Justina Motiejūnaitė, Mariama Nouroudine, Valentine Piquard(Cell Biologics (United States)), Andreea Postolache, Caroline Quintin(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Jade Rexach, Layidé Roufai, Zaven Terzian, Michaël Thy, Sarah Tubiana, Sylvie van der Werf, Valérie Vignali, Benoît Visseaux, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Michiel A. van Agtmael, Anna Geke Algera, Frank van Baarle, Diane Bax, Martijn Beudel, Harm Jan Bogaard, Marije K. Bomers, Lieuwe D. J. Bos, Michela Botta, Justin de Brabander(Howard Hughes Medical Institute), Godelieve de Bree(Helix (United States)), Matthijs C. Brouwer(Inserm), Sanne de Bruin, Marianna Bugiani, Esther Bulle, Osoul Chouchane, Alex Cloherty, Paul Elbers, Lucas M. Fleuren, Suzanne E. Geerlings, Bart F. Geerts(University of Milano-Bicocca), Theo Geijtenbeek, Armand R. J. Girbes(Imperial College London), Bram Goorhuis, Martin P. Grobusch, Florianne Hafkamp, Laura A. Hagens, Jörg Hamann, Vanessa Harris, Robert Hemke, Sabine Hermans, Leo Heunks, Markus W. Hollmann, Janneke Horn, Joppe W. Hovius, Menno D. de Jong(New York Genome Center), Rutger Koning, Niels van Mourik, Jeaninne Nellen, Frederique Paulus(New York Genome Center), Edgar J.G. Peters, Tom van der Poll, Benedikt Preckel(Helix (United States)), Jan M. Prins, Jorinde Raasveld(Université Libre de Bruxelles), Tom D. Y. Reijnders, Michiel Schinkel, Marcus J. Schultz, Alex R. Schuurman, Kim Sigaloff, Marry R. Smit(Rockefeller University), Cornelis Stijnis, Willemke Stilma, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Patrick Thoral, Anissa M. Tsonas, Marc van der Valk, Denise P. Veelo, Alexander P. J. Vlaar(Amsterdam Neuroscience), Heder de Vries(Inserm), Michèle van Vugt, W. Joost Wiersinga(King Saud University), Dorien Wouters(Dasman Diabetes Institute), Aeilko H. Zwinderman, Diederik van de Beek(Universidad de Antioquia), Laurent Abel(Inserm), Alessandro Aiuti, Saleh Al Muhsen(King Saud University), Fahd Al‐Mulla(Dasman Diabetes Institute), Mark S. Anderson, Andrés A. Arias(Universidad de Antioquia), Hagit Baris Feldman, Dusan Bogunovic(Inserm), Alexandre Bolze(Helix (United States)), Анастасія Бондаренко, Ahmed A. Bousfiha, Petter Brodin, Yenan T. Bryceson, Carlos D. Bustamante, Manish J. Butte, Giorgio Casari(Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences), Samya Chakravorty, John Christodoulou, Elizabeth T. Cirulli, Antônio Condino‐Neto, Megan A. Cooper(Inserm), Clifton L. Dalgard(SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics), Alessia David(Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias), Joseph L. DeRisi, Murkesh Desai, Beth A. Drolet(Ghent University Hospital), Sara Espinosa, Jacques Fellay(SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics), Carlos Flores, José Luis Franco, Peter K. Gregersen, Filomeen Haerynck(Ghent University Hospital), David Hagin, Rabih Halwani, Jim F. Heath(Institut Pasteur), Sarah E. Henrickson, Elena W.Y. Hsieh(Howard Hughes Medical Institute), Kohsuke Imai, Yuval Itan, Timokratis Karamitros(New York Genome Center), Kai Kisand(Masih Daneshvari Hospital), Cheng‐Lung Ku, YL Lau(KU Leuven), Yun Ling(Columbia University), C. Lucas, Tom Maniatis(Aarhus University), Davoud Mansouri(Masih Daneshvari Hospital), László Maródi(National Institutes of Health), Isabelle Meyts(National Institutes of Health), Joshua D. Milner(University of Rome Tor Vergata), Kristina Mironska(University of Rome Tor Vergata), Trine H. Mogensen(Aarhus University), Tomohiro Morio, Lisa F. P. Ng(Bilkent University), Luigi D. Notarangelo(National Institutes of Health), Antonio Novelli, Giuseppe Novelli(University of Rome Tor Vergata), Cliona O’Farrelly(Duran i Reynals Hospital), Satoshi Okada, Tayfun Özçelık(Howard Hughes Medical Institute), Rebeca Pérez de Diego(Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale degli Spedali Civili di Brescia), Anna M. Planas(Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias), Carolina Prando(Imperial College London), Aurora Pujol(Duran i Reynals Hospital), Lluís Quintana‐Murci, Laurent Rénia(Sina Hospital), Alessandra Renieri(Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences), Carlos Rodríguez‐Gallego(Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Vanessa Sancho‐Shimizu(Utrecht University), Vijay G. Sankaran, Kelly M. Schiabor Barrett, Mohammed Shahrooei(Sina Hospital), Andrew L. Snow(Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences), Pere Soler‐Palacín(Hebron University), András N. Spaan(Utrecht University), Stuart G. Tangye(McGill University Health Centre), Stuart E. Turvey, K. M. Furkan Uddin, Mohammed Uddin, Diederik van de Beek(National Institutes of Health), Sara E. Vazquez(Howard Hughes Medical Institute), Donald C. Vinh(McGill University Health Centre), Horst von Bernuth, Nicole Washington, Paweł Zawadzki, Helen C. Su(National Institutes of Health), Jean-Laurent Casanova(Howard Hughes Medical Institute), Huie Jing(Inserm), Wesley Tung, Christopher R. Luthers, Bradly M. Bauman, Samantha Shafer, Lixin Zheng(Cell Biologics (United States)), Zinan Zhang, Satoshi Kubo(Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale), Samuel D. Chauvin, Kazuyuki Meguro, Elana Shaw, Michael J. Lenardo, Justin Lack(Inserm), Eric Karlins, Daniel M. Hupalo, J. K. Rosenberger, Gauthaman Sukumar, Matthew D. Wilkerson, Xijun Zhang
Cited by 2,390Open Access
Abstract
The genetics underlying severe COVID-19 The immune system is complex and involves many genes, including those that encode cytokines known as interferons (IFNs). Individuals that lack specific IFNs can be more susceptible to infectious diseases. Furthermore, the autoantibody system dampens IFN response to prevent damage from pathogen-induced inflammation. Two studies now examine the likelihood that genetics affects the risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) through components of this system (see the Perspective by Beck and Aksentijevich). Q. Zhang et al. used a candidate gene approach and identified patients with severe COVID-19 who have mutations in genes involved in the regulation of type I and III IFN immunity. They found enrichment of these genes in patients and conclude that genetics may determine the clinical course of the infection. Bastard et al. identified individuals with high titers of neutralizing autoantibodies against type I IFN-α2 and IFN-ω in about 10% of patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. These autoantibodies were not found either in infected people who were asymptomatic or had milder phenotype or in healthy individuals. Together, these studies identify a means by which individuals at highest risk of life-threatening COVID-19 can be identified. Science , this issue p. eabd4570 , p. eabd4585 ; see also p. 404
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