Coronavirus protective immunity is short-lasting

Arthur W. D. Edridge(Amsterdam Neuroscience), Joanna Kaczorowska(Amsterdam Neuroscience), Alexis C. R. Hoste(Inmunal (Spain)), Margreet Bakker(Amsterdam Neuroscience), Michelle Klein(Amsterdam Neuroscience), Maarten F. Jebbink(Amsterdam Neuroscience), Amy Matser(GGD Amsterdam), Cormac M. Kinsella(Amsterdam Neuroscience), Paloma Rueda(Inmunal (Spain)), Maria Prins(GGD Amsterdam), Patricia Sastre(Inmunal (Spain)), Martin Deijs(Amsterdam Neuroscience), Lia van der Hoek(Amsterdam Neuroscience)
medRxiv
May 18, 2020
10.1101/2020.05.11.20086439
Cited by 105Open Access
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Abstract

ABSTRACT In the current COVID-19 pandemic a key unsolved question is the duration of acquired immunity in recovered individuals. The recent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 precludes a direct study on this virus, but the four seasonal human coronaviruses may reveal common characteristics applicable to all human coronaviruses. We monitored healthy subjects over a time span of 35 years (1985-2020), providing a total of 2473 follow up person-months, and determined a) the time to reinfection by the same seasonal coronavirus and b) the dynamics of coronavirus antibody depletion post-infection. An alarmingly short duration of protective immunity to coronaviruses was found. Reinfections occurred frequently at 12 months post-infection and there was for each virus a substantial reduction in antibody levels as soon as 6 months post-infection.

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