Enhanced sustainable green revolution yield via nitrogen-responsive chromatin modulation in rice

Kun Wu(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Shuansuo Wang(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Wenzhen Song(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Jianqing Zhang(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Yun Wang(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Qian Liu(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Jianping Yu(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Yafeng Ye(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Shan Li(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Jianfeng Chen(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Ying Zhao(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Jing Wang(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Xiaokang Wu(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Meiyue Wang(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Yijing Zhang(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Binmei Liu(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Yuejin Wu(Chinese Academy of Sciences), Nicholas P. Harberd(University of Oxford), Xiangdong Fu(Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Science
February 6, 2020
10.1126/science.aaz2046
Cited by 447

Abstract

Because environmentally degrading inorganic fertilizer use underlies current worldwide cereal yields, future agricultural sustainability demands enhanced nitrogen use efficiency. We found that genome-wide promotion of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) enables nitrogen-induced stimulation of rice tillering: APETALA2-domain transcription factor NGR5 (NITROGEN-MEDIATED TILLER GROWTH RESPONSE 5) facilitates nitrogen-dependent recruitment of polycomb repressive complex 2 to repress branching-inhibitory genes via H3K27me3 modification. NGR5 is a target of gibberellin receptor GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1)-promoted proteasomal destruction. DELLA proteins (characterized by the presence of a conserved aspartate-glutamate-leucine-leucine-alanine motif) competitively inhibit the GID1-NGR5 interaction and explain increased tillering of green revolution varieties. Increased NGR5 activity consequently uncouples tillering from nitrogen regulation, boosting rice yield at low nitrogen fertilization levels. NGR5 thus enables enhanced nitrogen use efficiency for improved future agricultural sustainability and food security.

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