The genome of cultivated peanut provides insight into legume karyotypes, polyploid evolution and crop domestication

Weijian Zhuang(Oil Crops Research Institute), Hua Chen(Oil Crops Research Institute), Meng Yang(Nextomics Biosciences (China)), Jianping Wang(North China University of Science and Technology), Manish K. Pandey(International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics), Chong Zhang(Oil Crops Research Institute), Wen‐Chi Chang(National Cheng Kung University), Liangsheng Zhang(Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Xingtan Zhang(Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences), Ronghua Tang(Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science), Vanika Garg(International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics), Xingjun Wang(North China University of Science and Technology), Haibao Tang(Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Chi-Nga Chow(National Cheng Kung University), Jinpeng Wang(North China University of Science and Technology), Ye Deng(Oil Crops Research Institute), Depeng Wang(Nextomics Biosciences (China)), Aamir W. Khan(The University of Western Australia), Qiang Yang(Oil Crops Research Institute), Tiecheng Cai(Oil Crops Research Institute), Prasad Bajaj(International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics), Kangcheng Wu(Oil Crops Research Institute), Baozhu Guo(Agricultural Research Service), Xinyou Zhang(Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences), Jingjing Li(Nextomics Biosciences (China)), Fan Liang(Nextomics Biosciences (China)), Jiang Hu(Nextomics Biosciences (China)), Boshou Liao(Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences), Shengyi Liu(Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences), Annapurna Chitikineni(International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics), Hansong Yan(Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Yixiong Zheng(Oil Crops Research Institute), Shihua Shan(Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences), Qinzheng Liu(Oil Crops Research Institute), Dongyang Xie(Oil Crops Research Institute), Zhenyi Wang(North China University of Science and Technology), Shahid Ali Khan(Oil Crops Research Institute), Niaz Ali(Oil Crops Research Institute), Chuanzhi Zhao(Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences), Xinguo Li(Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences), Ziliang Luo(University of Florida), Shubiao Zhang(Oil Crops Research Institute), Ruirong Zhuang(Oil Crops Research Institute), Ze Peng(University of Florida), Shuaiyin Wang(Oil Crops Research Institute), Gandeka Mamadou(Oil Crops Research Institute), Yuhui Zhuang(Oil Crops Research Institute), Zifan Zhao(University of Florida), Weichang Yu(Shenzhen University), Faqian Xiong(Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science), Weipeng Quan(Nextomics Biosciences (China)), Mei Yuan(Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences), Yu Li(Oil Crops Research Institute), Huasong Zou(Oil Crops Research Institute), Han Xia(Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences), Li Zha(Oil Crops Research Institute), Junpeng Fan(Nextomics Biosciences (China)), Jigao Yu(North China University of Science and Technology), Wenping Xie(Oil Crops Research Institute), Jiaqing Yuan(North China University of Science and Technology), Kun Chen(Oil Crops Research Institute), Shanshan Zhao(Oil Crops Research Institute), Wen‐Ting Chu(Oil Crops Research Institute), Yuting Chen(Oil Crops Research Institute), Pengchuan Sun(North China University of Science and Technology), Fanbo Meng(North China University of Science and Technology), Tao Zhuo(Oil Crops Research Institute), Yuhao Zhao(North China University of Science and Technology), Chunjuan Li(Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences), Guohao He(Tuskegee University), Yongli Zhao(North China University of Science and Technology), Congcong Wang(Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering), Polavarapu B. KaviKishor(Osmania University), Rong‐Long Pan(National Tsing Hua University), Andrew H. Paterson(North China University of Science and Technology), Xiyin Wang(North China University of Science and Technology), Ray Ming(University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign), Rajeev K. Varshney(The University of Western Australia)
Nature Genetics
May 1, 2019
10.1038/s41588-019-0402-2
Cited by 788Open Access
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Abstract

High oil and protein content make tetraploid peanut a leading oil and food legume. Here we report a high-quality peanut genome sequence, comprising 2.54 Gb with 20 pseudomolecules and 83,709 protein-coding gene models. We characterize gene functional groups implicated in seed size evolution, seed oil content, disease resistance and symbiotic nitrogen fixation. The peanut B subgenome has more genes and general expression dominance, temporally associated with long-terminal-repeat expansion in the A subgenome that also raises questions about the A-genome progenitor. The polyploid genome provided insights into the evolution of Arachis hypogaea and other legume chromosomes. Resequencing of 52 accessions suggests that independent domestications formed peanut ecotypes. Whereas 0.42-0.47 million years ago (Ma) polyploidy constrained genetic variation, the peanut genome sequence aids mapping and candidate-gene discovery for traits such as seed size and color, foliar disease resistance and others, also providing a cornerstone for functional genomics and peanut improvement.

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