Virus-Vectored Ebola Vaccines

Inna V. Dolzhikova(Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation), Elisaveta A. Tokarskaya(Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation), Alina S. Dzharullaeva(Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation), Amir I. Tukhvatulin(Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation), Dmitry V. Shcheblyakov(Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation), Olga L. Voronina(Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation), S. I. Syromyatnikova(Central Research Institute), С. В. Борисевич(Central Research Institute), V. B. Pantyukhov(Central Research Institute), V. F. Babira(Ministry of Defense), Л. В. Колобухина(Infectious Clinical Hospital No. 1), Boris S. Naroditsky(Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation), Denis Y. Logunov(Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation), Gintsburg Al(Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation)
Acta Naturae
September 15, 2017
10.32607/20758251-2017-9-3-4-11
Cited by 38Open Access
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Abstract

The Ebola virus disease (EVD) is one of the most dangerous infections affecting humans and animals. The first EVD outbreaks occurred in 1976 in Sudan and Zaire. Since then, more than 20 outbreaks have occurred; the largest of which (2014-2016) evolved into an epidemic in West Africa and claimed the lives of more than 11,000 people. Although vaccination is the most effective way to prevent epidemics, there was no licensed vaccine for EVD at the beginning of the latest outbreak. The development of the first vaccines for EVD started in 1980 and has come a long technological way, from inactivated to genetically engineered vaccines based on recombinant viral vectors. This review focuses on virus-vectored Ebola vaccines that have demonstrated the greatest efficacy in preclinical trials and are currently under different phases of clinical trial. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms of immune response development, which are important for protection from EVD, and the key vaccine parameters necessary for inducing long-term protective immunity against EVD.

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