ADGRE1 (EMR1, F4/80) Is a Rapidly-Evolving Gene Expressed in Mammalian Monocyte-Macrophages

Lindsey A. Waddell(Roslin Institute), Lucas Lefèvre(Roslin Institute), Stephen J. Bush(John Radcliffe Hospital), Anna Raper(Roslin Institute), Rachel Young(Roslin Institute), Zofia M. Lisowski(University of Edinburgh), Mary E. B. McCulloch(Roslin Institute), Charity Muriuki(University of Edinburgh), Kristin A. Sauter(University of Edinburgh), Emily L. Clark(Roslin Institute), Katharine M. Irvine(Mater Research), Clare Pridans(Centre for Inflammation Research), Jayne C. Hope(Roslin Institute), David Hume(Mater Research)
Frontiers in Immunology
October 1, 2018
10.3389/fimmu.2018.02246
Cited by 150Open Access
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Abstract

mRNA was expressed by macrophages in each species, with inter-species variation both in expression level and response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Analysis of the RNA-Seq data also revealed additional exons in several species compared to current Ensembl annotations. The ruminant species and horses appear to encode a complete duplication of the 7 EGF-like domains. In every species, Sashimi plots revealed evidence of exon skipping of the EGF-like domains, which are highly-variable between species and polymorphic in humans. Consistent with these expression patterns, key elements of the promoter and a putative enhancer are also conserved across all species. The rapid evolution of this molecule and related ADGRE family members suggests immune selection and a role in pathogen recognition.

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