Chromosome-level genome assembly and transcriptome of the green alga<i>Chromochloris zofingiensis</i>illuminates astaxanthin production

Abstract

Significance The growing human population generates increasing demand for food and energy. Microalgae are a promising source of sustainable bioproducts whose production may not exacerbate worsening environmental problems. The green alga Chromochloris zofingiensis has potential as a biofuel feedstock and source of high-value nutraceutical molecules, including the carotenoid astaxanthin. We present a high-quality, chromosome-level assembly of the genome by using a hybrid sequencing approach with independent validation by optical mapping. Our analyses of the genome and transcriptome, in addition to experiments characterizing astaxanthin production, advance understanding of the green lineage and carotenoid production, and enhance prospects for improving commercial production of C. zofingiensis.