Precision Measurement of the Proton Spin Structure Function<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>g</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math>
K. Abe(Tohoku University), T. Akagi(SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory), P.L. Anthony(SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory), R. Antonov(University of Pennsylvania), R. G. Arnold(American University), T. Averett(University of Virginia), H. R. Band(University of Wisconsin–Madison), J. M. Bauer(University of Massachusetts Amherst), H. Borel, P. Bosted(American University), Vincent Breton(Université Clermont Auvergne), J. Button‐Shafer(University of Massachusetts Amherst), J. P. Chen(University of Virginia), T. E. Chupp(University of Michigan–Ann Arbor), J.E. Clendenin(Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource), C. Comptour(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), K. P. Coulter(University of Michigan–Ann Arbor), G.R. Court(Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource), Donald G. Crabb(University of Virginia), M. Daoudi(SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory), Donal B. Day(University of Virginia), Franz Dietrich(Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory), J. Dunne(American University), H. Dutz(Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource), R. Erbacher(Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource), J. Fellbaum(American University), A. Feltham(University of Basel), H. Fonvieille(Université Clermont Auvergne), E. Frlež(University of Virginia), D. Garvey(Naval Postgraduate School), R. Gearhart(SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory), J. Gómez(Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility), P. Grenier, K. A. Griffioen(University of Pennsylvania), S. Høibråten(University of Virginia), E. W. Hughes(Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource), C. E. Hyde-Wright(Old Dominion University), J. R. Johnson(University of Wisconsin–Madison), D. Kawall(Stanford University), A. Klein(Old Dominion University), Sebastian Kühn(Old Dominion University), M. Kuriki(Tohoku University), R. Lindgren(University of Virginia), T. J. Liu(University of Virginia), R. M. Lombard-Nelsen, J. Marroncle, T. Maruyama(SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory), X. K. Maruyama(Naval Postgraduate School), J. McCarthy(University of Virginia), W. Meyer(SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory), Z.-E. Meziani(Stanford University), R. Minehart(University of Virginia), Jason W. Mitchell(Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility), J. Morgenstern, G. G. Petratos(SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory), R. Pitthan(SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory), D. Počanić(University of Virginia), C. Prescott(SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory), R. Prepost(University of Wisconsin–Madison), P. Raines(University of Pennsylvania), B. A. Raue(Old Dominion University), D. Reyna(American University), A. Rijllart(Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource), Y. Roblin(Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules), L.S. Rochester(Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource), S. E. Rock(American University), O. Rondon(University of Virginia), I. Sick(University of Basel), L. C. Smith(University of Virginia), T Smith(University of Michigan–Ann Arbor), M. Spengos(American University), F. Staley, P. Steiner(University of Basel), S. St. Lorant(Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource), L. M. Stuart(Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource), F. Suekane(Tohoku University), Z. M. Szalata(American University), Huan Tang(Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource), Y. Terrien, T. Usher(SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory), D. Walz(SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory), J. L. White(American University), K. Witte(Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource), C. C. Young(SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory), B. Youngman(Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource), H. Yuta(Tohoku University), G. Zapalac(University of Wisconsin–Madison), B. Zihlmann(University of Basel), D. Zimmermann(University of Virginia)
Cited by 339
Abstract
We have measured the ratio $\frac{{g}_{1}^{p}}{{F}_{1}^{p}}$ over the range $0.029<x<0.8$ and $1.3<{Q}^{2}<10$ ${(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c})}^{2}$ using deep-inelastic scattering of polarized electrons from polarized ammonia. An evaluation of the integral $\ensuremath{\int}{0}^{1}{g}_{1}^{p}(x, {Q}^{2})\mathrm{dx}$ at fixed ${Q}^{2}=3$ ${(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c})}^{2}$ yields 0.127\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004(stat)\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.010(syst), in agreement with previous experiments, but well below the Ellis-Jaffe sum rule prediction of 0.160\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.006. In the quark-parton model, this implies $\ensuremath{\Delta}q=0.27\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.10$.
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