Midgap surface states as a novel signature for<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">d</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">x</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">a</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math>-<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">b</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:mrow></mml:math>-wave superconductivity
Chia-Ren Hu(Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)
Cited by 1,067
Abstract
It is shown that a sizable areal density of midgap states exists on a {110} surface of a ${\mathit{d}}_{\mathit{x}\mathit{a}}^{2}$-${\mathit{x}}_{\mathit{b}}^{2}$-wave superconductor, which can either have vacuum or an insulator at the surface, or be separated from vacuum or an insulator by a clean, size-quantized, normal metal overlayer. These ``midgap'' states have many observable consequences---some of which are briefly discussed here---which can be used as a clear signature to distinguish between d-wave and anisotropic s-wave superconductors.
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