Azimuthal Charged-Particle Correlations and Possible Local Strong Parity Violation

B. I. Abelev(University of Illinois Chicago), M. M. Aggarwal(Panjab University), Z. Ahammed(Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre), A. V. Alakhverdyants(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), B. D. Anderson(Kent State University), D. Arkhipkin(Brookhaven National Laboratory), G. S. Averichev(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), J. Balewski(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), O. Barannikova(University of Illinois Chicago), L. S. Barnby(University of Birmingham), S. Baumgart(Yale University), D. R. Beavis(Brookhaven National Laboratory), R. Bellwied(Wayne State University), F. Benedosso(Utrecht University), M. Betancourt(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), R. R. Betts(University of Illinois Chicago), A. Bhasin(University of Jammu), A. K. Bhati(Panjab University), H. Bichsel(University of Washington), J. Bielčík(Czech Technical University in Prague), J. Bielčíková(Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute), B. Biritz(University of California, Los Angeles), L. C. Bland(Brookhaven National Laboratory), I. Bnzarov(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), B. E. Bonner(Rice University), J. Bouchet(Kent State University), E. Braidot(Utrecht University), A. V. Brandin(Institute of Engineering Physics), A. Bridgeman(Argonne National Laboratory), E. Bruna(Yale University), S. Bueltmann(Old Dominion University), T. P. Burton(University of Birmingham), X. Z. Cai(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics), H. Caines(Yale University), M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez(University of California, Davis), O. Catu(Yale University), D. Cebra(University of California, Davis), R. Cendejas(University of California, Los Angeles), M. C. Cervantes(Texas A&M University), Z. Chajęcki(The Ohio State University), P. Chaloupka(Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute), S. Chattopadhyay(Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre), H. F. Chen(University of Science and Technology of China), J. H. Chen(Kent State University), J. Y. Chen(Kent State University), J. Cheng(Tsinghua University), M. Cherney(Creighton University), A. Chikanian(Yale University), K. Choi(Pusan National University), W. Christie(Brookhaven National Laboratory), P. Chung(Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute), R. F. Clarke(Texas A&M University), M. J. M. Codrington(Texas A&M University), R. Corliss(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), T. M. Cormier(Wayne State University), M. R. Cosentino(Universidade de São Paulo), J. G. Cramer(University of Washington), H. J. Crawford(University of California, Berkeley), D. Das(University of California, Davis), S. Dash(Institute of Physics, Bhubaneshwar), M. Daugherity(The University of Texas at Austin), L. C. De Silva(Wayne State University), T. G. Dedovich(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), M. DePhillips(Brookhaven National Laboratory), A. A. Derevschikov(Institute for High Energy Physics), R. Derradi de Souza(Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)), L. Didenko(Brookhaven National Laboratory), P. Djawotho(Texas A&M University), V. Dzhordzhadze(Brookhaven National Laboratory), S. Dogra(University of Jammu), X. Dong(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), J. L. Drachenberg(Texas A&M University), J. E. Draper(University of California, Davis), J. C. Dunlop(Brookhaven National Laboratory), M. R. Dutta Mazumdar(Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre), L. G. Efimov(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), E. Elhalhuli(University of Birmingham), M. Elnimr(Wayne State University), J. Engelage(University of California, Berkeley), G. Eppley(Rice University), B. Erazmus(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), M. Estienne(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), L. Eun(Pennsylvania State University), P. Fachini(Brookhaven National Laboratory), R. Fatemi(University of Kentucky), J. Fedorišin(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), A. Feng(Central China Normal University), P. Filip(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), E. Finch(Yale University), V. Fine(Brookhaven National Laboratory), Y. Fisyak(Brookhaven National Laboratory), C. A. Gagliardi(Texas A&M University), D. R. Gangadharan(University of California, Los Angeles), M. S. Ganti(Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre), E. García-Solis(University of Illinois Chicago), A. Geromitsos(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), F. J. M. Geurts(Rice University), V. Ghazikhanian(University of California, Los Angeles), P. Ghosh(Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre), Y. N. Gorbunov(Creighton University), A. Gordon(Brookhaven National Laboratory), O. G. Grebenyuk(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), D. Grosnick(Valparaiso University), B. Grube(Pusan National University), S. M. Guertin(University of California, Los Angeles), K. S. F. F. Guimarães(Universidade de São Paulo), A. Gupta(University of Jammu), N. Gupta(University of Jammu), W. Guryn(Brookhaven National Laboratory), B. Haag(University of California, Davis), T. J. Hallman(Brookhaven National Laboratory), A. Hamed(Texas A&M University), J. W. Harris(Yale University), M. Heinz(Yale University), S. Heppelmann(Pennsylvania State University), A. Hirsch(Purdue University West Lafayette), E. Hjort(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), A. M. Hoffman(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), G. W. Hoffmann(The University of Texas at Austin), David Jonathan Hofman(University of Illinois Chicago), R. S. Hollis(University of Illinois Chicago), H. Z. Huang(University of California, Los Angeles), T. J. Humanic(The Ohio State University), L. Huo(Texas A&M University), G. Igo(University of California, Los Angeles), A. Iordanova(University of Illinois Chicago), P.M. Jacobs(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), W. W. Jacobs(Indiana University Bloomington), P. Jakl(Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute), C. Jena(Institute of Physics, Bhubaneshwar), F. Jin(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics), C. L. Jones(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), P. G. Jones(University of Birmingham), J. Joseph(Kent State University), E. G. Judd(University of California, Berkeley), S. Kabana(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), K. Kajimoto(The University of Texas at Austin), K. Kang(Tsinghua University), J. Kapitan(Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute), K. Kauder(University of Illinois Chicago), D. Keane(Kent State University), A. Kechechyan(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), David Kettler(University of Washington), V. Yu. Khodyrev(Institute for High Energy Physics), D. P. Kikoła(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), J. Kiryluk(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), A. Kisiel(Warsaw University of Technology), S. R. Klein(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), A. G. Knospe(Yale University), A. Kocoloski(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), D. D. Koetke(Valparaiso University), J. Konzer(Purdue University West Lafayette), M. Kopytine(Kent State University), I. Koralt(Old Dominion University), W. Korsch(University of Kentucky), L. Kotchenda(Institute of Engineering Physics), V. Kouchpil(Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute), П. Кравцов(Institute of Engineering Physics), V. I. Kravtsov(Institute for High Energy Physics), K. Krueger(Argonne National Laboratory), M. Krůs(Czech Technical University in Prague), L. Kumar(Panjab University), P. Kurnadi(University of California, Los Angeles), M. A. C. Lamont(Brookhaven National Laboratory), J. M. Landgraf(Brookhaven National Laboratory), S. LaPointe(Wayne State University), J. Lauret(Brookhaven National Laboratory), A. Lebedev(Brookhaven National Laboratory), R. Lednický(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), C-H. Lee(Pusan National University), J. H. Lee(Brookhaven National Laboratory), W. A. Leight(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), M. J. LeVine(Brookhaven National Laboratory), C. Li(University of Science and Technology of China), N. Li(Central China Normal University), Y. Li(Tsinghua University), G. Lin(Yale University), S. J. Lindenbaum(City College of New York), M. A. Lisa(The Ohio State University), F. Liu(Central China Normal University), H. Liu(University of California, Davis), J. Liu(Rice University), L. Liu(Central China Normal University), T. Ljubičić(Brookhaven National Laboratory), W. J. Llope(Rice University), R. S. Longacre(Brookhaven National Laboratory), W. A. Love(Brookhaven National Laboratory), Y. Lu(University of Science and Technology of China), T. Ludlam(Brookhaven National Laboratory), G. L.(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics), Y. G.(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics), D. P. Mahapatra(Institute of Physics, Bhubaneshwar), R. Majka(Yale University), O. Mall(University of California, Davis), L. K. Mangotra(University of Jammu), R. Manweiler(Valparaiso University), S. Margetis(Kent State University), C. Markert(The University of Texas at Austin), H. Masui(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), H. S. Matis(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Yu. A. Matulenko(Institute for High Energy Physics), D. McDonald(Rice University), T. S. McShane(Creighton University), A. Meschanin(Institute for High Energy Physics), R. Milner(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), N. G. Minaev(Institute for High Energy Physics), S. Mioduszewski(Texas A&M University), A. Mischke(Utrecht University), B. Mohanty(Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre), D. A. Morozov(Institute for High Energy Physics), M. G. Munhoz(Universidade de São Paulo), B. K. Nandi(Indian Institute of Technology Bombay), C. Nattrass(Yale University), T.K. Nayak(Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre), J. M. Nelson(University of Birmingham), P. K. Netrakanti(Purdue University West Lafayette), M. J. Ng(University of California, Berkeley), L. V. Nogach(Institute for High Energy Physics), S. B. Nurushev(Institute for High Energy Physics), G. Odyniec(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), A. Ogawa(Brookhaven National Laboratory), H. Okada(Brookhaven National Laboratory), В. А. Окороков(Institute of Engineering Physics), D. Olson(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), M. Pachr(Czech Technical University in Prague), B. S. Page(Indiana University Bloomington), S. K. Pal(Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre), Y. Pandit(Kent State University), Y. Panebratsev(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), T. Pawlak(Warsaw University of Technology), T. Peitzmann(Utrecht University), V. Perevoztchikov(Brookhaven National Laboratory), C. Perkins(University of California, Berkeley), W. Peryt(Warsaw University of Technology), S. C. Phatak(Institute of Physics, Bhubaneshwar), P. Pile(Brookhaven National Laboratory), M. Planinić(University of Zagreb), Mateusz Andrzej Ploskon(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), J. Pluta(Warsaw University of Technology), D. Plyku(Old Dominion University), N. Poljak(University of Zagreb), A. M. Poskanzer(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), B. V. K. S. Potukuchi(University of Jammu), D. Prindle(University of Washington), C. A. Pruneau(Wayne State University), N. K. Pruthi(Panjab University), P. R. Pujahari(Indian Institute of Technology Bombay), J. Putschke(Yale University), R. Raniwala(University of Rajasthan), S. Raniwala(University of Rajasthan), R. L. Ray(The University of Texas at Austin), R. Redwine(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), R. G. Reed(University of California, Davis), A. Ridiger(Institute of Engineering Physics), H. G. Ritter(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), J. B. Roberts(Rice University), O. V. Rogachevskiy(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), J. L. Romero(University of California, Davis), A. Rose(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), C. Roy(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), L. Ruan(Brookhaven National Laboratory), M. J. Russcher(Utrecht University), R. Sahoo(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), S. Sakai(University of California, Los Angeles), I. Sakrejda(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), T. Sakuma(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), S. Salur(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), J. Sandweiss(Yale University), J. Schambach(The University of Texas at Austin), R. P. Scharenberg(Purdue University West Lafayette), N. Schmitz(Max Planck Institute for Physics), J. Seele(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), J. Seger(Creighton University), I. Selyuzhenkov(Indiana University Bloomington), Yannis K. Semertzidis(Brookhaven National Laboratory), P. Seyboth(Max Planck Institute for Physics), E. Shahaliev(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), M. Shao(University of Science and Technology of China), M. Sharma(Wayne State University), S. S. Shi(Central China Normal University), X-H. Shi(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics), E. P. Sichtermann(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), F. Simon(Max Planck Institute for Physics), R. N. Singaraju(Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre), M. J. Skoby(Purdue University West Lafayette), N. Smirnov(Yale University), P. Sørensen(Brookhaven National Laboratory), J. Sowiński(Indiana University Bloomington), H. Spinka(Argonne National Laboratory), B. Srivastava(Purdue University West Lafayette), T. D. S. Stanislaus(Valparaiso University), D. Staszak(University of California, Los Angeles), M. Strikhanov(Institute of Engineering Physics), B. Stringfellow(Purdue University West Lafayette), A. A. P. Suaide(Universidade de São Paulo), M. C. Suarez(University of Illinois Chicago), N. L. Subba(Kent State University), M. Šumbera(Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute), X. Sun(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Y. Sun(University of Science and Technology of China), Z. Sun(Institute of Modern Physics), B. Surrow(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), T. J. M. Symons(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), A. Szanto de Toledo(Universidade de São Paulo), J. Takahashi(Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)), Z. Tang(Brookhaven National Laboratory), Z. Tang(University of Science and Technology of China), L. H. Tarini(Wayne State University), T. Tarnowsky(Michigan State University), D. Thein(The University of Texas at Austin), J. H. Thomas(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), J. Tian(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics), A. R. Timmins(Wayne State University), S. Timoshenko(Institute of Engineering Physics), D. Tlusty(Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute), M. Tokarev(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), V-N. Tram(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), S. Trentalange(University of California, Los Angeles), R. E. Tribble(Texas A&M University), O. D. Tsai(University of California, Los Angeles), J. Ulery(Purdue University West Lafayette), T. Ullrich(Brookhaven National Laboratory), D. G. Underwood(Argonne National Laboratory), G. Van Buren(Brookhaven National Laboratory), G. van Nieuwenhuizen(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), J. A. Vanfossen(Kent State University), R. Varma(Indian Institute of Technology Bombay), G. M. S. Vasconcelos(Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)), A. N. Vasiliev(Institute for High Energy Physics), F. Videbæk(Brookhaven National Laboratory), Y. P. Viyogi(Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre), S. Vokál(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), S. A. Voloshin(Wayne State University), M. Wada(The University of Texas at Austin), M. Walker(Massachusetts Institute of Technology), F. Wang(Purdue University West Lafayette), G. Wang(University of California, Los Angeles), H. Wang(Michigan State University), J. S. Wang(Institute of Modern Physics), Q. Wang(Purdue University West Lafayette), X. Wang(University of Science and Technology of China), X. L. Wang(University of Science and Technology of China), Y. Wang(Tsinghua University), G. Webb(University of Kentucky), J. C. Webb(Valparaiso University), G. D. Westfall(Michigan State University), C. Whitten(University of California, Los Angeles), H. Wieman(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), S. W. Wissink(Indiana University Bloomington), R. Witt(United States Naval Academy), Yue-Liang Wu(Central China Normal University), W. Xie(Purdue University West Lafayette), N. Xu(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Q. Xu(Shandong University), Y. Xu(University of Science and Technology of China), N. Xu(Brookhaven National Laboratory), Y. Yang(Institute of Modern Physics), P. Yepes(Rice University), K. Yip(Brookhaven National Laboratory), I.-K. Yoo(Pusan National University), Q. Yue(Tsinghua University), M. Zawisza(Warsaw University of Technology), H. Zbroszczyk(Warsaw University of Technology), W. Zhan(Institute of Modern Physics), S. Zhang(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics), W. M. Zhang(Kent State University), X. P. Zhang(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Y. Zhang(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Z. P. Zhang(University of Science and Technology of China), Y. Zhao(University of Science and Technology of China), C. Zhong(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics), J. Zhou(Rice University), X. Zhu(Tsinghua University), R. Zoulkarneev(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), Y. Zoulkarneeva(Joint Institute for Nuclear Research), J. X. Zuo(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics)
Physical Review Letters
December 14, 2009
10.1103/physrevlett.103.251601
Cited by 526Open Access
Full Text

Abstract

Parity-odd domains, corresponding to nontrivial topological solutions of the QCD vacuum, might be created during relativistic heavy-ion collisions. These domains are predicted to lead to charge separation of quarks along the system's orbital momentum axis. We investigate a three-particle azimuthal correlator which is a P even observable, but directly sensitive to the charge separation effect. We report measurements of charged hadrons near center-of-mass rapidity with this observable in Au + Au and Cu + Cu collisions at square root of s(NN) = 200 GeV using the STAR detector. A signal consistent with several expectations from the theory is detected. We discuss possible contributions from other effects that are not related to parity violation.

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