Elliptic flow from two- and four-particle correlations in Au+Au collisions at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msqrt><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>NN</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:msqrt></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mrow/></mml:mrow></mml:mrow><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>130</mml:mn><mml:mn/><mml:mi/><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">GeV</mml:mi></mml:math>

C. Adler(Goethe University Frankfurt), Z. Ahammed(Purdue University West Lafayette), C. Allgower(Indiana University Bloomington), J. Amonett(Kent State University), B. D. Anderson(Kent State University), M. Anderson(University of California, Davis), G. S. Averichev, J. Balewski(Indiana University Bloomington), O. Barannikova(Purdue University West Lafayette), L. S. Barnby(Kent State University), J. Baudot, S. Bekele(The Ohio State University), V. V. Belaga, R. Bellwied(Wayne State University), J. Berger(Goethe University Frankfurt), H. Bichsel(University of Washington), A. Billmeier(Wayne State University), L. C. Bland(Brookhaven National Laboratory), C. O. Blyth(University of Birmingham), B. E. Bonner(Rice University), A. Boucham(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), A. V. Brandin(Institute of Engineering Physics), A. Bravar(Brookhaven National Laboratory), R. V. Cadman(Argonne National Laboratory), X. Z. Cai(Yale University), M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez(Brookhaven National Laboratory), Carlos Cárdenas(Purdue University West Lafayette), J. Carroll(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), J. Castillo Castellanos(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), M. Castro(Wayne State University), D. Cebra(University of California, Davis), P. Chaloupka(The Ohio State University), S. Chattopadhyay(Wayne State University), Y. Chen(University of California, Los Angeles), S. Chernenko, M. Cherney(Creighton University), A. Chikanian(Yale University), B. Choi(The University of Texas at Austin), W. Christie(Brookhaven National Laboratory), J. P. Coffin, T. M. Cormier(Wayne State University), J. G. Cramer(University of Washington), H. J. Crawford(University of California, Berkeley), W. S. Deng(Brookhaven National Laboratory), A. A. Derevschikov(Institute for High Energy Physics), L. Didenko(Brookhaven National Laboratory), T. Dietel(Goethe University Frankfurt), J. E. Draper(University of California, Davis), V. B. Dunin, J. C. Dunlop(Yale University), V. Eckardt(Max Planck Institute for Physics), L. G. Efimov, В. Емелянов(Institute of Engineering Physics), J. Engelage(University of California, Berkeley), G. Eppley(Rice University), B. Erazmus(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), P. Fachini(Brookhaven National Laboratory), V. Faine(Brookhaven National Laboratory), K. Filimonov(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), E. Finch(Yale University), Y. Fisyak(Brookhaven National Laboratory), D. Flierl(Goethe University Frankfurt), K. J. Foley(Brookhaven National Laboratory), J. Fu(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), C. A. Gagliardi(Texas A&M University), N. Gagunashvili, J. Gans(Yale University), L. Gaudichet(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), M. Germain, F. J. M. Geurts(Rice University), V. Ghazikhanian(University of California, Los Angeles), O. Grachov(Wayne State University), V. Grigoriev(Institute of Engineering Physics), M. Guedon, E. Gushin(Institute of Engineering Physics), T. J. Hallman(Brookhaven National Laboratory), D. Hardtke(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), J. W. Harris(Yale University), T. W. Henry(Texas A&M University), S. Heppelmann(Pennsylvania State University), T. Herston(Purdue University West Lafayette), B. Hippolyte, A. Hirsch(Purdue University West Lafayette), E. Hjort(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), G. W. Hoffmann(The University of Texas at Austin), M. Horsley(Yale University), H. Z. Huang(University of California, Los Angeles), T. J. Humanic(The Ohio State University), G. Igo(University of California, Los Angeles), A. Ishihara(The University of Texas at Austin), Yu. I. Ivanshin, P. Jacobs(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), W. W. Jacobs(Indiana University Bloomington), M. A. Janik(Warsaw University of Technology), I. Johnson(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), P. G. Jones(University of Birmingham), E. G. Judd(University of California, Berkeley), M. Kaneta(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), M. Kaplan(Carnegie Mellon University), D. Keane(Kent State University), J. Kiryluk(University of California, Los Angeles), A. Kisiel(Warsaw University of Technology), J. Klay(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), S. R. Klein(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), A. Klyachko(Indiana University Bloomington), A. S. Konstantinov(Institute for High Energy Physics), M. Kopytine(Kent State University), L. Kotchenda(Institute of Engineering Physics), A. D. Kovalenko, M. Krämer(City College of New York), П. Кравцов(Institute of Engineering Physics), K. Krueger(Argonne National Laboratory), C. Kuhn, A. I. Kulikov, G. J. Kunde(Yale University), C. L. Kunz(Carnegie Mellon University), R. Kh. Kutuev, А. А. Кузнецов, L. Lakéhal-Ayat(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), M. A. C. Lamont(University of Birmingham), J. M. Landgraf(Brookhaven National Laboratory), J. S. Lange(Goethe University Frankfurt), C. P. Lansdell(The University of Texas at Austin), B. Lasiuk(Yale University), F. Laue(Brookhaven National Laboratory), A. Lebedev(Brookhaven National Laboratory), R. Lednický, V. M. Leontiev(Institute for High Energy Physics), M. J. LeVine(Brookhaven National Laboratory), Q. Li(Wayne State University), S. J. Lindenbaum(City College of New York), M. A. Lisa(The Ohio State University), F. Liu(Central China Normal University), L. Liu(Central China Normal University), Z. Liu(Central China Normal University), L. Liu(University of Washington), T. Ljubičić(Brookhaven National Laboratory), W. J. Llope(Rice University), G. Lo Curto(Max Planck Institute for Physics), H. Long(University of California, Los Angeles), R. S. Longacre(Brookhaven National Laboratory), M. Lopez-Noriega(The Ohio State University), W. A. Love(Brookhaven National Laboratory), T. Ludlam(Brookhaven National Laboratory), D. Lynn(Brookhaven National Laboratory), J. Ma(University of California, Los Angeles), R. Majka(Yale University), S. Margetis(Kent State University), C. Markert(Yale University), L. Martin(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), J. Marx(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), H. S. Matis(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Yu. A. Matulenko(Institute for High Energy Physics), T. S. McShane(Creighton University), F. Meißner(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Yu. Melnick(Institute for High Energy Physics), A. Meschanin(Institute for High Energy Physics), M. Messer(Brookhaven National Laboratory), M. L. Miller(Yale University), Z. Milosevich(Carnegie Mellon University), N. G. Minaev(Institute for High Energy Physics), J. T. Mitchell(Rice University), V. A. Moiseenko, C. F. Moore(The University of Texas at Austin), V. Morozov(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), M. M. de Moura(Wayne State University), M. G. Munhoz(Universidade de São Paulo), J. M. Nelson(University of Birmingham), P. Nevski(Brookhaven National Laboratory), В. А. Никитин, L. V. Nogach(Institute for High Energy Physics), B. Norman(Kent State University), S. B. Nurushev(Institute for High Energy Physics), G. Odyniec(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), A. Ogawa(Pennsylvania State University), В. А. Окороков(Institute of Engineering Physics), M. Oldenburg(Max Planck Institute for Physics), D. Olson(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), G. Paić(The Ohio State University), S. Pandey(Wayne State University), Y. Panebratsev, S. Panitkin(Brookhaven National Laboratory), A. I. Pavlinov(Wayne State University), T. Pawlak(Warsaw University of Technology), V. Perevoztchikov(Brookhaven National Laboratory), W. Peryt(Warsaw University of Technology), В. А. Петров, M. Planinić(Indiana University Bloomington), J. Pluta(Warsaw University of Technology), N. Porile(Purdue University West Lafayette), J. Porter(Brookhaven National Laboratory), A. M. Poskanzer(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), E. Potrebenikova, D. Prindle(University of Washington), C. A. Pruneau(Wayne State University), J. Putschke(Max Planck Institute for Physics), G. Rai(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), G. Rakness(Indiana University Bloomington), O. Ravel(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), R. L. Ray(The University of Texas at Austin), S. V. Razin(Indiana University Bloomington), D. Reichhold(Creighton University), J. G. Reid(University of Washington), G. Renault(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), F. Retière(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), A. Ridiger(Institute of Engineering Physics), H. G. Ritter(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), J. B. Roberts(Rice University), O. V. Rogachevski, J. L. Romero(University of California, Davis), A. Rose(Wayne State University), C. Roy(Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et des Technologies Associées), V. L. Rykov(Wayne State University), I. Sakrejda(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), S. Salur(Yale University), J. Sandweiss(Yale University), A.C. Saulys(Brookhaven National Laboratory), I. Savin, J. Schambach(The University of Texas at Austin), R. P. Scharenberg(Purdue University West Lafayette), N. Schmitz(Max Planck Institute for Physics), L. S. Schroeder(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), A. Schüttauf(Max Planck Institute for Physics), K. Schweda(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), J. Seger(Creighton University), D. M. Seliverstov(Institute of Engineering Physics), P. Seyboth(Max Planck Institute for Physics), E. Shahaliev, K. E. Shestermanov(Institute for High Energy Physics), S. S. Shimanskii, V. S. Shvetcov, G. Škoro, N. Smirnov(Yale University), R. J. M. Snellings(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), P. Sørensen(University of California, Los Angeles), J. Sowiński(Indiana University Bloomington), H. Spinka(Argonne National Laboratory), B. Srivastava(Purdue University West Lafayette), E. J. Stephenson(Indiana University Bloomington), R. Stock(Goethe University Frankfurt), A. Stolpovsky(Wayne State University), M. Strikhanov(Institute of Engineering Physics), B. Stringfellow(Purdue University West Lafayette), C. Struck(Goethe University Frankfurt), A. A. P. Suaide(Wayne State University), E. Sugarbaker(The Ohio State University), C. Suire(Brookhaven National Laboratory), M. Šumbera(The Ohio State University), B. Surrow(Brookhaven National Laboratory), T. J. M. Symons(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), A. Szanto de Toledo(Universidade de São Paulo), P. Szarwas(Warsaw University of Technology), A. Tai(University of California, Los Angeles), J. Takahashi(Universidade de São Paulo), A. H. Tang(Kent State University), J. H. Thomas(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), M. Thompson(University of Birmingham), V. O. Tikhomirov(Institute of Engineering Physics), M. Tokarev, Marguerite Tonjes(Michigan State University), T. A. Trainor(University of Washington), S. Trentalange(University of California, Los Angeles), R. E. Tribble(Texas A&M University), V. Trofimov(Institute of Engineering Physics), O. D. Tsai(University of California, Los Angeles), T. Ullrich(Brookhaven National Laboratory), D. G. Underwood(Argonne National Laboratory), G. Van Buren(Brookhaven National Laboratory), A. M. VanderMolen(Michigan State University), I. M. Vasilevski, A. N. Vasiliev(Institute for High Energy Physics), S.E. Vigdor(Indiana University Bloomington), S. A. Voloshin(Wayne State University), F. Wang(Purdue University West Lafayette), H. Ward(The University of Texas at Austin), J. W. Watson(Kent State University), R. Wells(The Ohio State University), G. D. Westfall(Michigan State University), C. Whitten(University of California, Los Angeles), H. Wieman(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), R. Willson(The Ohio State University), S. W. Wissink(Indiana University Bloomington), R. Witt(Yale University), J. Wood(University of California, Los Angeles), N. Xu(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), N. Xu(Brookhaven National Laboratory), A. E. Yakutin(Institute for High Energy Physics), E. Yamamoto(Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Jing Yang(University of California, Los Angeles), P. Yepes(Rice University), V. I. Yurevich, Y. V. Zanevski, I. Zborovský, H. Zhang(Yale University), W. M. Zhang(Kent State University), R. Zoulkarneev, A. N. Zubarev
Physical Review C
September 26, 2002
10.1103/physrevc.66.034904
Cited by 381Open Access
Full Text

Abstract

Elliptic flow holds much promise for studying the early-time thermalization attained in ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions. Flow measurements also provide a means of distinguishing between hydrodynamic models and calculations which approach the low density (dilute gas) limit. Among the effects that can complicate the interpretation of elliptic flow measurements are azimuthal correlations that are unrelated to the reaction plane (nonflow correlations). Using data for Au + Au collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathrm{NN}}}=130\mathrm{GeV}\mathrm{}$ from the STAR time projection chamber, it is found that four-particle correlation analyses can reliably separate flow and nonflow correlation signals. The latter account for on average about 15% of the observed second-harmonic azimuthal correlation, with the largest relative contribution for the most peripheral and the most central collisions. The results are also corrected for the effect of flow variations within centrality bins. This effect is negligible for all but the most central bin, where the correction to the elliptic flow is about a factor of 2. A simple new method for two-particle flow analysis based on scalar products is described. An analysis based on the distribution of the magnitude of the flow vector is also described.

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