Childhood epilepsy, familial hemiplegic migraine, cerebellar ataxia, and a new <i>CACNA1A</i> mutation

Abstract

The CACNA1A gene encodes the pore-forming subunit of neuronal P/Q type Ca2+ channels. Mutations in this gene cause a spectrum of neurologic diseases, including familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) with or without ataxia.1 We report a novel de novo CACNA1A mutation in a Swedish family. Three mutation carriers had FHM and early onset ataxia; additional childhood epilepsy occurred in two . The proband, II-3, is a 54-year-old woman with slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia since childhood and cerebellar atrophy on CT. She was hospitalized at ages 7 and 8 because of decreased consciousness and vomiting for 1 day, starting with a lucid interval after a fall. She experienced four hemiplegic migraine attacks between ages 14 and 30 years and weekly at age 47. Seizures were never observed. Her 32-year-old son (III-5) and 30-year-old daughter (III-6), who have different fathers, showed cerebellar ataxia at age 4. Ataxia is now prominent in both, and brain imaging shows cerebellar atrophy. …