Superhydrophilic Surfaces via Polymer−SiO₂ Nanocomposites

Abstract

A novel procedure for the preparation of superhydrophilic surfaces is described. The method employs fabricating the surface from a mixture of silica nanoparticles (NPs) and polymers containing reactive trimethoxysilyl (TMOS) groups. Suitable polymers include quaternized poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PQDMAEMA) and poly(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate) (PTMOSPMA). Condensation of the TMOS groups in a deposited film occurs under mild conditions and results in formation of a cross-linked polymer-SiO(2) nanocomposite coating covalently anchored onto a glass substrate. When silica nanoparticles, containing micrometer-sized agglomerates, are introduced into the film, a hierarchical micro/nanostructure within the coating is built up. Superhydrophilic behavior is achieved with a high weight ratio of fumed silica NPs or polymer/fumed silica NP bilayer coatings. The superhydrophilic surfaces have high stability and antifogging behavior and display easy cleaning characteristics. Furthermore, the superhydrophilic nanocomposite coatings containing PQDMAEMA exhibit antimicrobial properties against E. coli due to the presence of quaternary ammonium groups.