Synthetic and natural <i>Escherichia coli</i> free lipid A express identical endotoxic activities
Chris Galanos(Max Planck Society), O. Lüderitz(Max Planck Society), Ernst Rietschel, Otto Westphal(Max Planck Society), Helmut Brade, Lore Brade, Marina A. Freudenberg(Max Planck Society), Ulrich F. Schade, Masahiro Imoto(The University of Osaka), Hiroyuki Yoshimura(The University of Osaka), Shoichi Kusumoto(The University of Osaka), Tetsuo Shiba(The University of Osaka)
Cited by 488Open Access
Abstract
The recently chemically synthesized Escherichia coli lipid A and the natural free lipid A of E. coli were compared with respect to their endotoxic activities in the following test systems: lethal toxicity, pyrogenicity, local Shwartzman reactivity, Limulus amoebocyte lysate gelation capacity, tumour necrotizing activity, B cell mitogenicity, induction of prostaglandin synthesis in macrophages, and antigenic specificity. It was found that synthetic and natural free lipid A exhibit identical activities and are indistinguishable in all tests.
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