The Selaginella Genome Identifies Genetic Changes Associated with the Evolution of Vascular Plants

Jo Ann Banks(Purdue University West Lafayette), Tomoaki Nishiyama(Kanazawa University), Mitsuyasu Hasebe(National Institute for Basic Biology), John L. Bowman(Carnegie Department of Plant Biology), Michael Gribskov(Purdue University West Lafayette), Claude W. dePamphilis(Pennsylvania State University), Victor A. Albert(University at Buffalo, State University of New York), Naoki Aono(National Institute for Basic Biology), Tsuyoshi Aoyama(National Institute for Basic Biology), Barbara A. Ambrose(New York Botanical Garden), Neil W. Ashton(University of Regina), Michael J. Axtell(Pennsylvania State University), Elizabeth I. Barker(University of Regina), Michael S. Barker(University of Arizona), Jeffrey L. Bennetzen(University of Georgia), Nicholas D. Bonawitz(Purdue University West Lafayette), Clint Chapple(Purdue University West Lafayette), Chaoyang Cheng(Japan Science and Technology Agency), Luiz Gustavo Guedes Corrêa(University of Potsdam), Michael Dacre(Salk Institute for Biological Studies), Jeremy D. DeBarry(University of Georgia), Ingo Drèyer(University of Potsdam), Marek Eliáš(University of Ostrava), Eric M. Engstrom(William & Mary), Mark Estelle(University of California San Diego), Liang Feng(University of Georgia), Cédric Finet(Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes), Sandra K. Floyd(Monash University), Wolf B. Frommer(Carnegie Institution for Science), Tomomichi Fujita(Hokkaido University), Lydia Gramzow(Friedrich Schiller University Jena), Michael Gutensohn(Purdue University West Lafayette), Jesper Harholt(University of Copenhagen), Mitsuru Hattori(Nagoya University Hospital), Alexander Heyl(Freie Universität Berlin), Tadayoshi Hirai(University of Tsukuba), Yuji Hiwatashi(National Institute for Basic Biology), Masaki Ishikawa(Japan Science and Technology Agency), Mineko Iwata(Japan Science and Technology Agency), Kenneth G. Karol(New York Botanical Garden), Barbara Koehler(University of Potsdam), Uener Kolukisaoglu(Universitätsklinikum Tübingen), Minoru Kubo(Japan Science and Technology Agency), Tetsuya Kurata(Japan Science and Technology Agency), Sylvie Lalonde(Carnegie Institution for Science), Kejie Li(Purdue University West Lafayette), Ying Li(Mayo Clinic), Amy Litt(New York Botanical Garden), Eric Lyons(University of California, Berkeley), Gerard Manning(Salk Institute for Biological Studies), Takeshi Maruyama(Hokkaido University), Todd P. Michael(Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey), Koji Mikami(Hokkaido University), Saori Miyazaki(National Institute of Genetics), Shin‐Ichi Morinaga(National Institute for Basic Biology), Takashi Murata(National Institute for Basic Biology), Bernd Mueller‐Roeber(Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology), David R. Nelson(University of Tennessee Health Science Center), Mari Obara(Japan Science and Technology Agency), Yasuko Oguri(Japan Science and Technology Agency), Richard G. Olmstead(University of Washington), Naoko T. Onodera(Dalhousie University), Bent Larsen Petersen(University of Copenhagen), Birgit Pils(Centre for Human Genetics), Michael J. Prigge(University of California San Diego), Stefan A. Rensing(University of Freiburg), Diego Mauricio Riaño‐Pachón(Universidad de Los Andes), Alison W. Roberts(University of Rhode Island), Yoshikatsu Sato(Japan Science and Technology Agency), Henrik Vibe Scheller(Joint BioEnergy Institute), Burkhard Schulz(Purdue University West Lafayette), Christian Schulz(University Hospitals of the Ruhr-University of Bochum), Eugene V. Shakirov(Texas A&M University), Nakako Shibagaki(Osaka University of Economics), Naoki Shinohara(Hokkaido University of Science), Dorothy E. Shippen(Texas A&M University), Iben Sørensen(University of Copenhagen), Ryo Sotooka(Hokkaido University of Science), Nagisa Sugimoto(Japan Science and Technology Agency), Mamoru Sugita(Nagoya University Hospital), Naomi Sumikawa(National Institute for Basic Biology), Miloš Tanurdžić(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Günter Theißen(Friedrich Schiller University Jena), Peter Ulvskov(University of Copenhagen), Sachiko Wakazuki(Japan Science and Technology Agency), Jing‐Ke Weng(Salk Institute for Biological Studies), William G. T. Willats(University of Copenhagen), Daniel Wipf(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Paul G. Wolf(Utah State University), Lixing Yang(University of Georgia), Andreas Zimmer(University of Freiburg), Qihui Zhu(University of Georgia), Therese Mitros(University of California, Berkeley), Uffe Hellsten(Joint Genome Institute), Dominique Loqué(Joint BioEnergy Institute), Robert Otillar(Joint Genome Institute), Asaf Salamov(Joint Genome Institute), Jeremy Schmutz(Joint Genome Institute), Harris Shapiro(Joint Genome Institute), Erika Lindquist(Joint Genome Institute), Susan Lucas(Joint Genome Institute), Daniel S. Rokhsar(Joint Genome Institute), Igor V. Grigoriev(Joint Genome Institute)
Science
May 6, 2011
Cited by 893Open Access
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Abstract

Vascular plants appeared ~410 million years ago, then diverged into several lineages of which only two survive: the euphyllophytes (ferns and seed plants) and the lycophytes. We report here the genome sequence of the lycophyte Selaginella moellendorffii (Selaginella), the first nonseed vascular plant genome reported. By comparing gene content in evolutionarily diverse taxa, we found that the transition from a gametophyte- to a sporophyte-dominated life cycle required far fewer new genes than the transition from a nonseed vascular to a flowering plant, whereas secondary metabolic genes expanded extensively and in parallel in the lycophyte and angiosperm lineages. Selaginella differs in posttranscriptional gene regulation, including small RNA regulation of repetitive elements, an absence of the trans-acting small interfering RNA pathway, and extensive RNA editing of organellar genes.


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