A Primer for Morpholino Use in Zebrafish
Brent Bill(University of Minnesota), Andrew M. Petzold(University of Minnesota), Karl J. Clark(Mayo Clinic), Lisa A. Schimmenti(University of Minnesota), Stephen C. Ekker(University of Minnesota)
Cited by 466Open Access
Abstract
Morpholino oligonucleotides are the most common anti-sense "knockdown" technique used in zebrafish (Danio rerio). This review discusses common practices for the design, preparation, and deployment of morpholinos in this vertebrate model system. Off-targeting effects of morpholinos are discussed as well as method to minimize this potentially confounding variable via co-injection of a tP53-targeting morpholino. Finally, new uses of morpholinos are summarized and contextualized with respect to the complementary, DNA-based knockout technologies recently developed for zebrafish.
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