Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Testing in Adults Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: 2003 Recommendations of an International AIDS Society–USA Panel

Martin Hirsch(Harvard University), Françoise Brun‐Vézinet(Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1), Bonaventura Clotet(Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol), Brian Conway(University of British Columbia), Daniel R. Kuritzkes(Brigham and Women's Hospital), Richard T. D’Aquila(Vanderbilt University Medical Center), Lisa M. Demeter(University of Rochester), Scott M. Hammer(Columbia University), Victoria A. Johnson(University of Alabama at Birmingham), Clive Loveday, John W. Mellors(University of Pittsburgh Medical Center), Donna M. Jacobsen, Douglas D. Richman(University of California San Diego)
Clinical Infectious Diseases
July 1, 2003
10.1086/375597
Cited by 516Open Access
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Abstract

New information about the benefits and limitations of testing for resistance to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) drugs has emerged. The International AIDS Society-USA convened a panel of physicians and scientists with expertise in antiretroviral drug management, HIV-1 drug resistance, and patient care to provide updated recommendations for HIV-1 resistance testing. Published data and presentations at scientific conferences, as well as strength of the evidence, were considered. Properly used resistance testing can improve virological outcome among HIV-infected individuals. Resistance testing is recommended in cases of acute or recent HIV infection, for certain patients who have been infected as long as 2 years or more prior to initiating therapy, in cases of antiretroviral failure, and during pregnancy. Limitations of resistance testing remain, and more study is needed to refine optimal use and interpretation.

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