Donald S. Fredrickson

Abstract A method for estimating the cholesterol content of the serum low-density lipoprotein fraction (Sf0-20) is presented. The method involves measurements of fasting plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, none of which requires the use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Comparison of this suggested procedure with the more direct procedure, in which the ultracentrifuge is used, yielded correlation coefficients of .94 to .99, depending on the patient population compared.

THE subjects of this review are the plasma lipoproteins, their structure and functions and the ways in which they are disordered in certain diseases. The intent is not to discuss lipoproteins for their own sake, however, but to exploit their potential for illuminating the common and often frustrating clinical problem of hyperlipidemia. The finding of an abnormal concentration in plasma of cholesterol, glycerides or a given class of the lipoproteins often raises questions of cause and relief that have no certain answer. These will not necessarily be forthcoming in this report. What will be attempted is the reduction of current . . .

Type IV HyperlipoproteinemiaGeneral Definition. The Type IV lipoprotein pattern is the hallmark of endogenous hyperlipemia. It implies that glycerides synthesized in the body, usually in the liver, have been excreted into plasma at rates exceeding the capacity for removal. The appearance of a Type IV pattern often suggests that something has gone wrong with carbohydrate metabolism or caloric balance. There is evidence that it can sometimes mean inordinate emotional stress, excessive alcoholic intake or some other conflict between the patient and his environment. The development of this type of hyperlipoproteinemia is often conditioned by genotype.The Type IV . . .