Yan Jiang

Obesity is a risk factors of chronic diseases, and smoking is associated with both chronic diseases and obesity. There were some controversies about the associations between smoking and obesity. Thus, our study aimed to explore the associations of smoking with obesity, using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) as obesity indices in northeast China. We enrolled a sample of 16,412 participants in Jilin province aged 18-79 in this study, which were derived from a cross-sectional survey in 2012. We used quantile regression (QR) models to identify the associations of smoking with obesity in different quantiles of BMI (or WC) by genders. The differences of BMI and WC by genders were statistically significant (p < 0.05). In conclusion, compared with current non-smokers, current smokers had lower BMI but higher WC. As increasing of WC, the association of WC with smoking was getting stronger, especially in females.

With deployment of 5G and emerging 6G networks, the demand of wireless communication for transmission capacity as well as the transmission security in consumer electronics is increasing. Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has shown a great potential in physical layer security (PLS) due to its enabling technology to engineer the radio signal prorogation. In this paper, we study PLS problems of RIS-assisted wireless communication system, where the RIS is deployed to aid pair of the transmitter (Alice) and receiver (Bob) under the active jamming (Jammer) and eavesdropper (Eve) attack. Different from traditional RIS schemes, our proposed scheme divides the RIS into two parts which not only enhances the legitimate user performance but also suppresses the eavesdropper. Specifically, the location of the jammer is also considered with two different scenarios, i.e., the distance between the jammer and RIS is smaller/greater than that of the one between the transmitter and RIS. Considering the influence of RIS reflection coefficient, path loss and uncertain jammer locations, we analyze the system performance based on the legitimate and eavesdropping channels, providing the upper and lower bounds of achievable received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) instead of the secrecy outage probability (SOP). In addition, the simulation and asymptotic results reveal the location influence of the interference on the secrecy performance and the superiority of the proposed scheme.

This study examined the relationship between loneliness, sedentary behavior, physical exercise, and social participation in Chinese older adults, and provided ideas to formulate preventive strategies that can help reduce loneliness. Data on demographics, health behavior, social participation, and loneliness were collected from a cross-sectional study of 629 older adults in Hefei, Anhui province, from June to August 2020. After adjusting for age, income, religion, marital status, and chronic illness demographic variables, sedentary behavior (β = 0.111, SE = 0.671, p = .001), physical exercise (β = -0.229, SE = 0.358, p < .001), and social participation (β = -0.329, SE = 0.086, p < .001) were found to be significantly correlated with loneliness in older adults. These findings suggest that a higher level of loneliness may be linked to greater sedentary behavior, less social engagement, and decreased physical exercise among older men and women.