Zhenglin Li

Climaate prediction plays a vital role in various sectors, including agriculture, disaster management, and urban planning. Traditional methods for climate forecasting often rely on complex physical models, which require substantial computational resources and may not accurately capture local weather patterns. This study explores the potential of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, a type of recurrent neural network, for predicting daily climate variables such as temperature, precipitation, and humidity. Utilizing historical climate data from the city of Delhi, we developed an LSTM model to forecast short-term climate trends. The model consists of two LSTM layers followed by three Dense layers and is compiled with the Adam optimizer, mean squared error loss, and mean absolute error as a metric. Our results demonstrate the model's capability to capture temporal dependencies in climate data, achieving a satisfactory level of accuracy in temperature forecasting. This research underscores the potential of machine learning techniques, particularly LSTM networks, in enhancing climate prediction and contributing to more informed decision-making in weather-sensitive sectors.

To integrate real-time monitoring and therapeutic functions into a single nanoagent, we have designed and synthesized a drug-delivery platform based on a polydopamine(PDA)/human serum albumin (HSA)/doxorubicin (DOX) coated bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) nanoparticle (NP). The resultant product exhibits high stability and biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo. In addition to the excellent capability for both X-ray computed tomography (CT) and infrared thermal imaging, the NPs possess strong near-infrared (NIR) absorbance, and high capability and stability of photothermal conversion for efficient photothermal therapy (PTT) applications. Furthermore, a bimodal on-demand pH/photothermal-sensitive drug release has been achieved, resulting in a significant chemotherapeutic effect. Most importantly, the tumor-growth inhibition ratio achieved from thermo-chemotherapy of the Bi2Se3@PDA/DOX/HSA NPs was 92.6%, in comparison to the chemotherapy (27.8%) or PTT (73.6%) alone, showing a superior synergistic therapeutic effect. In addition, there is no noticeable toxicity induced by the NPs in vivo. This multifunctional platform is, therefore, promising for effective, safe and precise antitumor treatment and may stimulate interest in further exploration of drug loading on Bi2Se3 and other competent PTT agents combined with in situ imaging for biomedical applications.

nanoagents reported previously. Such biocompatible single-component theranostic nanoagents produced by a facile synthesis and highly integrated multimodal imaging and multiple therapeutic functions may have substantial potentials for clinical antitumor applications. This highly porous nanostructure with a large fraction of void space may allow versatile use of the NSS, for example, in catalysis, gas sensing, and energy storage, in addition to accommodating drugs and other biomolecules.

Abstract 5‐Fluorouracil (5‐ FU ) is one of the most commonly used chemotherapeutic agents in colon cancer treatment, but has a narrow therapeutic index limited by its toxicity. Melatonin exerts antitumor activity in various cancers, but it has never been combined with 5‐ FU as an anticolon cancer treatment to improve the chemotherapeutic effect of 5‐ FU . In this study, we assessed such combinational use in colon cancer and investigated whether melatonin could synergize the antitumor effect of 5‐ FU . We found that melatonin significantly enhanced the 5‐ FU ‐mediated inhibition of cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration and invasion in colon cancer cells. We also found that melatonin synergized with 5‐ FU to promote the activation of the caspase/ PARP ‐dependent apoptosis pathway and induce cell cycle arrest. Further mechanism study demonstrated that melatonin synergized the antitumor effect of 5‐ FU by targeting the PI 3K/ AKT and NF ‐κB/inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS ) signaling. Melatonin in combination with 5‐ FU markedly suppressed the phosphorylation of PI 3K, AKT , IKK α, IκBα, and p65 proteins, promoted the translocation of NF ‐κB p50/p65 from the nuclei to cytoplasm, abrogated their binding to the iNOS promoter, and thereby enhanced the inhibition of iNOS signaling. In addition, pretreatment with a PI 3K‐ or iNOS ‐specific inhibitor synergized the antitumor effects of 5‐ FU and melatonin. Finally, we verified in a xenograft mouse model that melatonin and 5‐ FU exerted synergistic antitumor effect by inhibiting the AKT and iNOS signaling pathways. Collectively, our study demonstrated that melatonin synergized the chemotherapeutic effect of 5‐ FU in colon cancer through simultaneous suppression of multiple signaling pathways.